Imashini ya CNC ifite ibikorwa byo gukora. Iyi nzira yikora ikoresha ibikoresho bigenzurwa na mudasobwa kugirango ukore ibice byasobanuwe mubikoresho bitandukanye.
Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengurwa ibyiza byingenzi nibibi bya mashini ya CNC. Mugusuzuma impande zombi, urashobora gufata icyemezo neza kijyanye no gushiramo ubu buhanga bukomeye mubikorwa byawe.
Kuzirika kwa CNC ni iki?
Imashini ya CNC ni inzira yo gukora ikoresha imashini ziyobowe na mudasobwa kugirango zikore ibice. Ihagaze kuri 'kugenzura imibare. '
Uburyo CNC ikora imirimo
Imashini za CNC zikora ukoresheje software mbere ya progaramu na code. Iyi kode igenzura urujya n'uruza rwo guca ibikoresho, nk'imikino n'amatara.
Inzira ikubiyemo:
1. Kugenzurwa na mudasobwa
2. Porogaramu yabanjirije preya
3. Ibikoresho byo gukata
Ubwoko bwibikoresho bya CNC
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwo gusiga bwa CNC, harimo:
l gusya : ikoresha kuzunguruka kugirango ukureho ibikoresho kumurimo.
Guhindukira : Kuzenguruka umurimo mugihe igikoresho cyo gukata gikuraho ibikoresho.
l gusya : Gukoresha uruziga rutunguranye gusya hejuru.
l routing : Koresha igikoresho cyo kuzunguruka kugirango ugabanye cyangwa ibikoresho.
l gukubita : ikoresha punch no gupfa kugirango ukore umwobo uri mukazi.
Izi nzira zemerera imashini za CNC gukora ibice byinshi hamwe nukuri no gusubiramo.
Ibyiza bya CNC
Imashini za CNC itanga inyungu nyinshi zibingisha muburyo gakondo.
1. Ubushishozi buke kandi busobanutse
Imashini za CNC zikoresha icyerekezo kigenzurwa na mudasobwa kugirango umenye neza. Uru rwego rwibisobanuro rusubirwamo, gukora cnc imashini nziza kumusaruro mwinshi.
Ubushobozi bwihariye bwa CNC buratandukanye bitewe nibikorwa:
Inzira | Ukuri |
Gusya | ± 0.0004 |
Guhindukira | ± 0.0004 |
Gusya | ± 0.00004 |
Ukwo kwihanganira cyane kwemerera kurema ibice nibigize. Hamwe na CNC imashini za CNC, abayikora barashobora kubyara ibice bimwe bifite itandukaniro rito, kugirango ireme ryuzuye umusaruro wose.
2. Kongera ubushobozi bwumusaruro
Ikindi nyungu zihanishwa na CNC nubushobozi bwayo bwo kongera ubushobozi. Imashini za CNC zirashobora gukora ubudahwema, amasaha 24 kumunsi, iminsi 7 mucyumweru.
Iki gikorwa kidahagarara cyemerera igihe cyihuse cyo kumara vuba ugereranije no gufatanya. Imashini za CNC zirashobora gukora kumuvuduko mwinshi, zitanga ibice vuba kandi neza.
Byongeye kandi, imashini za CNC zitanga ubugome buhebuje kubwinshi. Iyo gahunda imaze gushyirwaho, imashini irashobora gutanga ingano nyinshi yibice bimwe utabangamiye.
Ubushobozi bwumusaruro bwiyongere bwa CNC bufasha abakora kuri:
Guhura Ibisabwa Byinshi
Kugabanya ibihe byateganijwe
kunoza umusaruro muri rusange muri rusange
Mugutanga umuvuduko no guhuza imashini za CNC, ubucuruzi burashobora kuzamura cyane umusaruro wabo no guhura nabakiriya bakeneye neza.
3. Gushushanya guhinduka
Imashini ya CNC itanga igishushanyo kidasanzwe cyo guhinduka, kwemerera abakora gukora ibice hamwe na geometries igoye nibiranga bigoye.
Hamwe n'imashini za CNC, birashoboka gutanga umusaruro:
igoyeImiterere
l ikomeye
l neza
imyumbati irambuye
Uru rwego rwo gushushanya guhinduka rugerwaho no gushimira software yateye imbere ikoreshwa mu kugenzura imashini za CNC. Porogaramu yemerera impinduka byihuse kandi byoroshye.
Niba igishushanyo kigomba guhinduka, software irashobora kuvugururwa vuba. Ibi bivuze ko abakora bashobora guhuza no guhindura ibisabwa nta gihe cyo gushimangira cyangwa gushiraho.
Igishushanyo gihinduka cyibintu bya CNC bishoboza:
1. Kwitondera
2. Gutezimbere iterambere rya prototype
3. IMIKORESHEREZO YO GUTEZA IMBERE
Mugutanga ubushobozi bwo gushushanya imashini za CNC, abakora barashobora gukora ibice byihariye byujuje ibisobanuro nyabyo. Iyi mpinduka ifite agaciro cyane munganda nka aeropace, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, no gukora imodoka.
4. Ubwiza buhoraho
Imwe mu nyungu zikomeye zo gufata amashusho ya CNC nubushobozi bwayo bwo kubyara ibice hamwe
ubuziranenge buhoraho. Imashini za CNC zirema ibice bimwe nta bihinduka, kwemeza uburinganire hakurya yimikorere yose.
Ubu buryo buhoraho bugerwaho mugukuraho amakosa yabantu muburyo bwo gukora. Iyo gahunda ya CNC imaze gushyirwaho kandi igenzurwa, imashini izakora inzira imwe inshuro nyinshi, nta gutandukana.
Ibinyuranye, ibice byafashwe byintoki birashobora kugira itandukaniro rito bitewe nibintu byabantu nkurwego rwubuhanga, umunaniro, cyangwa amakosa. Imashini ya CNC ikuraho ibi bihinduka, bikaviramo ibice bimwe buri gihe.
Ubwiza buhamye bwibice byafashwe bya CNC itanga inyungu nyinshi:
1. Imikorere Yizewe
2. Inteko yoroshye
3. Yagabanije kwangwa
4. Kuzamura abakiriya kunyurwa
Mugutanga ibice bifite ubuziranenge bumwe, abakora barashobora kunoza ibicuruzwa byabo 'muri rusange imikorere no kwizerwa. Ubu buryo budashira ni ingenzi munganda hamwe no kwihanganira cyane no gutangaza ubuziranenge, nko gukora ibikoresho bya aerospace n'ubuvuzi.
5. Ku wose ibintu bihuje
Imashini ya CNC irahujwe nibikoresho byinshi, biyigira inzira yo gukora. Izi mashini irashobora gukorana na:
Ibyuma
l plastike
Ibihimbano
Ibi bikoresho bihinduka bituma imashini za CNC zikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye mubintu bitandukanye.
Kurugero:
Ibigize l AeroSpace ibice bikunze bisaba ibikoresho bikomeye, byoroheje nka aluminium cyangwa titanium.
L birashobora gukenera plastiki ya biocompible cyangwa ibyuma bidafite.Ibikoresho bya
l Ibice byimodoka birashobora gukoresha ibirumba byinshi cyangwa igorofa.
Imashini za CNC zirashobora gukemura ibyo bisabwa ibikoresho bitandukanye, guhuza nibikenewe muri buri mushinga.
Ubushobozi bwo gukorana nibikoresho bitandukanye bituma abakora kuri:
1. Hitamo ibikoresho byiza kumurimo
2. Hindura igice
3. Igenzura
4. Hura inganda-ibipimo byihariye
Mugukoresha ibintu byinshi bihuza ibikoresho bya CNC, ubucuruzi burashobora gukora ibice bikwiranye nibikoresho byabo byagenewe, bigatuma imikorere myiza n'imbara nziza.
6. Kugabanya amafaranga yumurimo
Imashini za CNC zirashobora gufasha kugabanya ibiciro byakazi mugukora. Kuberako izi mashini zikoresha kandi zigenzurwa na mudasobwa, zisaba abakora ubuhanga buke ugereranije nibikoresho.
Hamwe nimashini za CNC, umukoresha umwe arashobora kugenzura imashini nyinshi icyarimwe. Iyi mikorere yemerera abakora gukora ibice byinshi hamwe nabakozi bake, bigabanya amafaranga yabakozi muri rusange.
Byongeye kandi, ubuhanga busabwa kugirango bukore imashini za CNC zitandukanye nibikenewe kugirango ahindure intoki. Abakora CNC bakeneye kuba mubuhanga bwo gutangiza porogaramu nubuhanga bwa mudasobwa, ariko ntabwo byanze bikunze bakeneye ubuhanga bwambere bwo gushushanya.
Iri hinduka mubuhanga bukenewe rirashobora kuganisha kuri:
1. Amafaranga yo mu mahugurwa yo hasi
2. Kubona Gushaka
3. Kunoza Umurimo Gukora neza
Mu kugabanya gukenera imashini zintoki nyinshi, ikoranabuhanga rya CNC rifasha abakora uburyo bwo gutegura abakozi babo no kugenzura imirimo.
Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko mugihe imashini za CNC zishobora kugabanya gukenera ubuhanga bukoreshwa nubuhanga nabakozi bashinzwe kugenzura imikorere nubuziranenge.
7. Iterambere ry'amahugurwa
Imashini za CNC yungukiwe niterambere mubuhanga bwo guhugura. Iterambere rimwe na rimwe rigaragara ni ikoreshwa rya software isanzwe kubihugura.
Iyi software yemerera abashakashatsi gukora imyitozo no gukora imashini za CNC badakoresheje ibikoresho nyirizina. Ibidukikije bigereranya imashini ya CNC imashini, itanga uburambe bwo guhugura.
Inyungu Zimwe mubihugu bya CNC VNC harimo:
kugabanya amafaranga yo guhugura
l Kongera umutekano
l Kunoza Kwiga
l guhinduka muri gahunda
Ukoresheje software isanzwe, abashinzwe ibishya barashobora kubona ibyabo no kumenyera imashini za CNC mbere yo kwimukira kubikoresho byisi.
Ubu buryo bufasha kugabanya ibyago byimpanuka, kwangirika kwimashini, no guta ibintu mugihe cyo kwiga. Abakora barashobora gukora amakosa bakayigiraho mu buryo bufite umutekano, bugenzurwa.
Amahugurwa yubusanzwe kandi yemerera kwifashisha imbaraga no kwiga kwihindura. Abahugurwa barashobora kubona software igihe icyo aricyo cyose, ahantu hose, byoroshye guhuza amahugurwa mubikorwa byinshi.
Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rya CNC rikomeje guhinduka, aya mahugurwa azafasha abakora neza abakora neza, amaherezo itezimbere umusaruro nubwiza.
8. Ubushobozi bwo gushushanya
Porogaramu ya SNC itanga ubushobozi bwo gushushanya ihanitse bukongeza inzira yo gukora. Ibyiza byingenzi nubushobozi bwo kwigana inzira yo gukomera.
Iyi gana yemerera abashushanya na injeniyeri kuri:
1. Gerageza ibishushanyo bitandukanye
2. Hindura inzira y'ibikoresho
3. Menya ibibazo bishobora
4. Gutunganya inzira yo gukora
Mu kwigana inzira yo gusiga, ababikora barashobora kumenya no gukemura ibibazo mbere yo kwimukira kumusaruro wumubiri. Ubu bushobozi buzigama igihe namafaranga kugabanya ibikenewe kuri prototypes yumubiri cyangwa moderi.
Aho gukora ibintu byinshi bifatika, abashushanya barashobora kwipimisha no gutunganya ibishushanyo byabo. Bashobora kugerageza ibikoresho bitandukanye, kwihanganira, hamwe nuburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho kugirango babone igisubizo cyiza.
Ubushobozi bwo gushushanya bwa CNC bwamasoko nabyo bifasha abakora kuri:
l Tekereza kuri geometries igoye
l Gusesengura imyitwarire y'ibikoresho
Guhanura
LIbigereranyo
Mugutanga ubushobozi, abakora barashobora gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kandi bagahindura imigambi yabo ya CNC. Ubu buryo buganisha ku iterambere ryibicuruzwa byihuse, byagabanije ibiciro, no kuzamura ibicuruzwa.
Mugihe Ikoranabuhanga rya CNC riteye imbere, ubushobozi bwo gushushanya bwa software izakomeza guhinduka, gutanga ibikoresho bikomeye kubikorwa kugirango bahangane kandi bakongeze inzira zabo.
9. Kwizerwa no kuramba
Imashini za CNC zizwiho kwiringirwa no kuramba. Izi mashini zubatswe hamwe nubwubatsi bukomeye, byateguwe kugirango bihangane bikomeye imikorere ikomeza.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'imashini za CNC zemerera:
kirekireGukoresha igihe
LIMITEKEREZO
igihekugabanya
Imashini za CNC zubatswe ukoresheje ibice byiza byimikorere nibikoresho. Ibi birabyemeza ko bashobora gukora byimazeyo ibihe byinshi, ndetse no mugusaba ibidukikije.
Usibye kubaka, imashini za CNC muri rusange zisaba kubungabunga bike ugereranije nimashini zintoki. Imiterere yikora ya CNC igabanya kwambara no gutanyagura kubigize.
Imirimo isanzwe yo kubungabunga imashini za CNC irashobora kubamo:
1. Amavuta
2. Gusimbuza gukonjesha
3. Igikoresho cya Calibration
4. Ivugurura rya software
Ariko, inshuro hamwe nuburemere bwiyi mirimo akenshi burenze ibisabwa nimashini zintoki.
Kwizerwa no kuramba by'imashini ya CNC itanga inyungu nyinshi kubakora:
l kwiyongera
L ihamye ibicuruzwa
Ibiciro byo kubungabunga
l Imashini yagutse ubuzima bwiza
Mu gushora imari yizewe kandi iramba kandi iramba, ababikora barashobora kugabanya guhungabana kubikorwa byabo kandi bikabemeza gusohora mugihe runaka. Ibi byanyuma bitera gukora neza, kuzigama ibiciro, no kunyurwa nabakiriya.
Ibibi bya SNC
Mugihe imashini za CNC itanga inyungu nyinshi, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibibi byaba bishobora kubaho.
1. Ikiguzi kinini
Gushora mu mashini za CNC birashobora kuba bihenze. Ikiguzi cyo kugura imashini imwe ya CNC irashobora kuva kuri miliyoni ibihumbi n'ibihumbi by'amadolari, bitewe n'ubunini bwayo, bigoye, n'ubushobozi.
Usibye imashini ubwayo, hari izindi nama zivanze zo gusuzuma:
l
gutangizaAmafaranga yo
Kwishyiriraho no gushiraho
Amahugurwa
Aya mafaranga yinyongera arashobora kongeraho vuba, bigatuma ishoramari ryambere muri CNC imashini imashini.
Ku bucuruzi buciriritse cyangwa abafite ingengo yimiterere, ikiguzi kinini kigira ingano gishobora kuba inzitizi ikomeye yo kwinjira. Ibigo bigomba gupima witonze inyungu ndende zishoramari ryambere.
Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko mugihe imashini za CNC zifite ikiguzi kinini, zirashobora kuzigama igihe kirekire zinyuze:
1. Kongera umusaruro
2. Kugabanya amafaranga yumurimo
3. Kunoza ubuziranenge
4. Ibihe byihuse
Mugihe tekinoroji ya CNC ikomeje gutera imbere, ikiguzi cyamashini na software gishobora kugabanuka mugihe, bigatuma bishoboka cyane kubakora benshi.
2. Igice gito
Ubundi buryo bwo gutanga ibibi byimashini ya CNC ni imbogamizi kumurongo. Imashini za CNC zifite ibipimo byagenwe, bishobora kugabanya ingano yibice bashobora kubyara.
Buri mashini ya CNC ifite ibahasha yihariye yakazi, igenwa nubunini bwayo:
uburiri
spindle
l axes
Ibice birenze ibi bipimo ntibishobora gukoreshwa kuri iyo mashini yihariye. Iyi mbogamizi irashobora guterwa nibibazo kubakora bakeneye kubyara ibice binini cyane.
Kurugero, ibikoresho byinshi bya aerospace cyangwa ibikoresho byinganda bishobora gusaba imashini zihariye za CNC zifite ubunini bwagutse cyangwa ibishushanyo mbonera.
Abakora bagomba gusuzuma bitonze ibisabwa nibicuruzwa byabo mugihe bashora imari mumashini ya CNC. Bashobora gukenera kugura imashini nyinshi zifite ubushobozi bungana kugirango bakire urwego rwibipimo bitandukanye.
Ubundi, abakora barashobora gushakisha ubundi buryo bwo kubyara ibice binini, nka:
1. Guta
2. URUBUGA
3. Guhimba
Ubu busobanuro burashobora gukoreshwa hamwe na cnc imashini kugirango ikore ibice binini, bigoye.
Nubwo ingano ifite imbogamizi, imashini ya CNC ikomeje uburyo butandukanye kandi bunoze bwo gutanga umusaruro muburyo butandukanye. Abakora barashobora guhitamo inzira zabo muguhitamo imashini zihuye neza nibisabwa.
3. Imyanda
Imashini ya CNC ni inzira ifata inganda, bivuze ko ikuraho ibikoresho kuva kuri blok ikomeye kugirango ukore igice cyifuzwa. Iyi nzira irashobora kuvamo imyanda ikomeye.
Nkuko imashini ya CNC igabanya ibikoresho birenze, bitera scrap muburyo bwa:
chip
shavings
umukungugu
Ingano yimyanda yakozwe biterwa nubunini nubunini bwigice cyafashwe.
Ibice bifite geometries ikomeye cyangwa ingano nini yo gukurwaho bizabyara imyanda itandukanye kuruta ibishushanyo byoroshye. Uku guswera birenzeho birashobora kongera kubiciro byibiciro bya CNC.
Ibinyuranye, gahunda yo gukora ibiyobyabwenge, nko gucapa 3D, kubaka ibice byurwego, ukoresheje gusa ibikoresho bikenewe. Ubu buryo bugabanya imyanda kandi birashobora kuba byiza-kugirango dukore porogaramu runaka.
Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko imyanda yibikoresho biva muri CNC ishobora kugabanywa binyuze:
1. Igishushanyo mbonera
2. Ibikoresho byiza bya porogaramu
3. Guhitamo ibintu neza
4. Gusubiramo ibisigazwa
Abakora barashobora gukorana nabashushanya nabategura gukora ibice bigabanya uburyo bwo gukuraho ibikoresho kandi bagahindura inzira yo gukomera. Barashobora kandi guhitamo ibikoresho byoroha cyangwa kwamashukwa.
4. Igishushanyo ntarengwa
Mugihe imashini za CNC itanga ibishushanyo mbonera, hari imbogamizi zo gusuzuma. Imashini za CNC ntizikwiriye kubyara imiterere nini cyangwa idasanzwe.
Ibikoresho byo gukata bikoreshwa mu mazi ya CNC bifite geometries yihariye hamwe nimbogamizi. Bashobora guhatanira kubyara neza:
L Freemform Freems
l
munsi
imyuka yimbitse
Ibi bintu bigoye birashobora kuba ingorabahizi cyangwa bidashoboka mashini ukoresheje ibikoresho bisanzwe bya CNC.
Rimwe na rimwe, ibikoresho bidasanzwe cyangwa ibintu bisanzwe birashobora gusabwa kugirango ugere kuri geometries zimwe. Ibi birashobora kongera ikiguzi nigihe cyo kuyobora umushinga.
Byongeye kandi, icyerekezo cyigice kuri mashini ya CNC birashobora kugira ingaruka kuri geometries igerwaho. Ibiranga bimwe birashobora kutagerwaho cyangwa bisaba imirongo myinshi, ishobora kongera ibintu bigoye muburyo bwo gutanga.
Abashushanya bagomba gusuzuma izi mbogamizi mugihe bakora ibice bya SNC. Bashobora gukenera:
1. Kworoshya imiterere igoye
2. Ongeraho umurongo angles
3. Irinde gukangurwa
4. Hindura ibintu byo gukora
Mugukorana cyane nabapfumu no gusobanukirwa ubushobozi bwimashini, abashushanya barashobora kunoza ibice byabo kugirango bagende neza.
5. Igihe cyo gutangiza gahunda
Ibishobora gusubizwa kuri status ya CNC nigihe gisabwa cyo gutangiza porogaramu. Buri gice gishya gisaba gushiraho no gutangiza porogaramu mbere yuko kavurwa.
Iyi gahunda yo gutangiza ikubiyemo:
1. Gukora icyitegererezo cya 3D cyigice
2. Kubyara ibikoresho
3. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gukata
4. Gushiraho Ibipimo bya Match
5. Kwigana no kugenzura gahunda
Ukurikije ibintu bigoye igice, porogaramu irashobora gufata amasaha menshi cyangwa iminsi yo kurangiza.
Abategura abahanga bagomba kuba bafite ubumenyi muri kamera (Gukora kuri mudasobwa) kugirango bakore gahunda nziza kandi zuzuye za CNC. Ubu bumenyi bwihariye burashobora kugorana kubona kandi bushobora gusaba amahugurwa yinyongera kubakozi bariho.
Igihe cyo gutangiza gahunda kirashobora kongera kuri rusange mugihe cyumushinga, cyane cyane kubice-bike cyangwa ibice bimwe. Abakora bagomba kuba muri iki gihe cyinyongera mugihe cyo gutangaza umusaruro no gusubiramo ibihe.
Ariko, hariho uburyo bwo kugabanya igihe cya gahunda:
l ukoresheje ibikoresho bisanzwe nibikorwa
Gukora gahunda ikoreshwa
l gushora imari muri software yagezweho hamwe nibiranga ahitamo
Gufatanya nabashinzwe inararibonye CNC
Mugukangura inzira yo gutangiza porogaramu, abakora barashobora kugabanya ibihe byo gushiraho no kunoza imikorere rusange.
6. Abakora ubuhanga bakeneye
Mugihe imashini ya CNC igabanya ubuhanga bwo gukoresha buhoro buhoro, biracyasaba abatwara ubuhanga kuri gahunda, gushiraho, no gukurikirana imashini. Abakora CNC bagomba kugira ubumenyi bwa:
Porogaramu ya L -Kode
l cam software
l imashini imashini no gukora
Ibikoresho n'ibikoresho
Uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge
Kubona abakora CNC babishoboye birashobora kuba ingorabahizi kubakora. Guhuza ubuhanga bwa tekiniki hamwe nubunararibonye bufatika bukenewe ntabwo buri gihe byoroshye kuboneka mubakozi.
Abakora barashobora gukenera gushora imari muri gahunda zamahugurwa cyangwa bashakishwa abakora uburambe bava mu zindi nganda. Ibi birashobora kongeramo amafaranga rusange yumurimo no kuyobora umwanya wo gushyira mubikorwa kuri SNC.
Ibura ry'abakora CNC zifite ubuhanga ni impungenge zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda. Nkaho ibigo byinshi byemeza ikoranabuhanga rya CNC, icyifuzo cyabakozi babishoboye bwiyongera.
Gukemura iki kibazo, abakora barashobora:
1. ABAFATANYIJE N'AMASHURI N'AMASHURI Y'AMASHURI
2. Tanga imyitozo hamwe namahugurwa yakazi
3. Tanga umushahara uhiganwa ninyungu zo gukurura impano
4. Gushora muri software-yinshuti za CNC na interineti
Mugutezimbere no kugumana abakora CNC ubuhanga, abakora barashobora kwemeza gutsinda no gukora neza ibikorwa byabo.
7. Kwishingikiriza ku Ikoranabuhanga
Imashini za CNC zishingiye cyane ku ikoranabuhanga, rishobora kuba inyungu n'ingaruka. Iyo mashini maremare cyangwa usenyuke, umusaruro uza guhagarara.
Uku kwishingikiriza ku ikoranabuhanga birashobora kuganisha kuri:
l
Yatakaje umusaruro
L yabuze igihe ntarengwa cyo gutanga
l ibiciro byo kubungabunga
Kugirango ugabanye ibyago byo kunanirwa kwimashini, abakora bagomba gushora imari mu kubungabungwa buri gihe kandi bafite gahunda ziteganijwe mu mwanya. Ibi birashobora kubamo kugira imashini zisubira inyuma cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo gutanga umusaruro burahari.
Usibye ibibazo by'ibikoresho, imashini za CNC zisaba kandi ivugurura rya software isanzwe kugirango rikomeze ibintu bishya n'umutekano. Kunanirwa kuvugurura software birashobora kuganisha kuri:
1. Ibibazo Byuzuza
2. Indangamuntu
3. Kugabanuka imikorere
4. Amahirwe yabuze kugirango ateze imbere
Abakora bagomba guteganya gahunda yo kubungabunga software ikomeza no kuvugurura kugirango babone imashini zabo za CNC zikomeza gukora neza kandi zifite umutekano.
Kwishingikiriza ku ikoranabuhanga nabyo bivuze ko imashini za CNC zifite ibibazo by'iterabwoba ry'abanatsi. Abakunzi ba Hackers barashobora kwibanda kuri sisitemu ya CNC kuri:
l kwiba umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge
l guhagarika umusaruro
l Kuzuza ibicuruzwa ubuziranenge
Kurinda iterabwoba ry'abana, abakora bagomba gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zo mu rugero, nka:
firewollsfi
LIGHTS
Igenzura
y'abakoziimyitozo
8. Gutakaza ubumenyi gakondo
Nkuko imashini za CNC ziba wiganje, hari impungenge zubuhanga bukoreshwa gakondo bushobora gutakara mugihe runaka. Kwiyongera no gufata mudasobwa inzira yo gusiga byagabanije gukenera abakora imashini zihanga.
Mubihe byashize, abashoramari basabye amahugurwa nuburambe kuri:
soma ibishushanyo bya tekiniki
shiraho imashini zintoki
Hitamo ibikoresho byo gukata
kora gukata no gupima
Hamwe na CNC irateganya, ibyinshi muribi bikorwa byikora cyangwa byoroshe, bisaba amaboko make yamaboko.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, urubyiruko ruto rukurikirana imyuga gakondo, guhitamo aho kuba porogaramu ya CNC cyangwa inshingano. Iyi mpinduka mubuhanga irashobora kuganisha kuri:
1. Ibura ryaba mashini inararibonye
2. Gutakaza ubumenyi n'ubuhanga byanyuze mu bisekuru
3. Kugabanya ubushobozi bwo gukemura imirimo idasanzwe cyangwa yihariye
4. Kurenza ikoranabuhanga
Kubungabunga ubuhanga gakondo bwo gukoresha, abakora ninzego z'uburezi zirashobora:
Guteza imbere agaciro k'ihangana kw'intoki
tanga ibikoresho hamwe na gahunda z'abatoza
l guhuza tekinike yo gushushanya mumahugurwa ya CNC
shishikarizwa gusangira ubumenyi hagati yabatojiya nabashya
Mu rwego rwo kwemeza akamaro k'ubuhanga gakondo no gukora cyane kugirango tubungabunge, inganda zikora zirashobora kuringaniza hagati yo kwakira ikoranabuhanga rishya no gukomeza ubumenyi bw'agaciro.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko mugihe imashini za CNC zifite ibyiza byayo, hazabaho hazabaho abashoramari bamakuru. Inshingano zimwe, nko iterambere rya prototype, gusana bigoye, cyangwa gukora imyitozo yubuhanzi, birashobora gusaba amande no guhanga amasoko yabantu gusa ashobora gutanga.
Ibihe aho gufata intoki bishobora kuba byiza
Mugihe imashini za CNC zabaye uburyo bwiganjemo gukora, haracyariho ibintu biba intoki bishobora kuba byiza cyane. Ibi bintu bikubiyemo ibisabwa bidasanzwe cyangwa bike.
Ibice bimwe cyangwa prototypes
Mugihe ukora igice kimwe cyangwa prototype, gushushanya ibinyabiziga birashobora gukora neza kuruta gufata amashusho ya CNC. Gushiraho imashini ya CNC mugihe kimwe cyibikorwa birashobora kuba igihe gito kandi bihenze.
Umurafuzi w'umuhanga arashobora:
1. Gushiraho vuba imashini
2. Kora ibikenewe ku isazi
3. Tanga igice vuba kandi ikiguzi kinini-cyiza
Kuri prototypes cyangwa kugerageza ibishushanyo, imashini yintoki yemerera guhinduka cyane hamwe nibibazo.
Ibikorwa binini cyane
Imashini za CNC zifite ubunini buhamye bigabanya ibipimo byibice bashobora kubyara. Kubikorwa binini cyane, gushushanya ibitoki birashobora kuba inzira yonyine.
Imashini nini zintoki, nka vertical turret lathes cyangwa inzamu, irashobora kwakira:
LIGHS
l imiyoboro minini ya diamester
Yamagata
Izi mashini zifite ubushobozi n'imbaraga zo gukemura imirimo iremereye yo gusiga akazi irenze ubushobozi bw'imashini zisanzwe za CNC.
Gusana imirimo yo gusana ibice biriho
Imashini imashini ikunze guhitamo akazi ko gusana ibice biriho cyangwa ibikoresho. Iyo ingingo inaniranye cyangwa ishaje, irashobora gusaba imashini kugirango igarure imikorere yayo.
Muri ibi bihe, imashini zifasha zemerera:
1. Gukuraho Ibikoresho
2. GUKURIKIRA NO GUHINDUKA
3. Ahantu ho-gushushanya nta guhungabana
Imashini yubuhanga irashobora gusuzuma ibyangiritse no gukora gusana bikenewe ukoresheje tekinike nibikoresho byihariye.
Mugihe imashini za CNC zifite ibyiza byayo, imashini zikoresha zikomeje kuba agaciro kubisabwa byihariye. Mugusobanukirwa imbaraga zuburyo, abakora barashobora gufata ibyemezo byuzuye mugihe cyo gukoresha igitabo cyangwa CNC gushushanya kubisubizo byiza.
Ibintu ugomba gusuzuma mugihe uhisemo SNC
Mugihe uhisemo niba wakoresha amashusho ya CNC kumushinga, ibintu byinshi byingenzi bigomba gusuzumwa. Izi ngingo zizafasha kumenya niba imashini za CNC ari uburyo bukwiye kandi buhendura-gukora neza muburyo bwihariye.
Umusaruro usabwa
Ingano y'ibice ukeneye kubyara ni ikintu cyingenzi muguhitamo imashini za CNC. Imashini za CNC zitwara ibintu byinshi zitanga ibice byinshi bihoraho kandi neza.
Niba umushinga wawe usaba:
L Umusaruro mwinshi
l Gukora Inganda Igice kimwe
l gutandukanya ibisabwa ejo hazaza
Noneho imashini ya CNC irashobora guhitamo neza. Ariko, kubitabo-bike cyangwa umusaruro umwe, ubundi buryo nko gutondekanya intoki cyangwa 3d birashobora kuba mubukungu.
Igice kitoroshye no kubimenya
Imashini ya CNC ni nziza kubice hamwe na geometries igoye nibisabwa byitonda. Igenzura rya mudasobwa igenzurwa rya mudasobwa ryemerera kurema ibintu bigoye hamwe nuburyo bwaba bigoye cyangwa bidashoboka kubigeraho.
Mugihe usuzumye SNC iraziritse, suzuma igice cyawe:
1. Ubwumvikane buke
2. Isosiyete yo Kurangiza
3. Ikirangantego
4. Muri rusange igishushanyo mbonera
Niba igice cyawe gisaba ibisobanuro byinshi kandi bigoye, imashini za CNC akenshi ni yo nzira nziza.
Bije nibitekerezo bya sof
Igiciro cya SNC kirashobora gutandukana bitewe nibintu nka:
l imashini isanga isaha
LIbiciro bya
Guteganya no gushiraho igihe
l Inyandiko za nyuma yo gutunganya
Mugihe imashini za CNC zirashobora kwipingane kumusaruro mwinshi, ntibishobora kuba amahitamo yubukungu kubice bike cyangwa ibice byoroshye.
Reba imbogamizi zawe hamwe nibiciro birebire byigihe cyo guhitamo CNC kuburyo ubundi buryo.
Ibikoresho n'ibibujijwe
Imashini za CNC zirashobora gukorana nibikoresho byinshi, harimo n'ibyuma, plastike, n'ibikomu. Ariko, ibikoresho bimwe bishobora kugira imitungo ituma ingorabahizi cyangwa gusaba ibikoresho byihariye.
Mugihe uhitamo ibikoresho bya SNC, tekereza:
1.. Imashini
2. Gukomera
3. Umutekano mu bushyuhe
4. Kurwanya imiti
Baza impuguke za CNC kugirango umenye niba ibikoresho wifuza bikwiranye na porogaramu yawe kandi niba hari ibibi bidasanzwe.
Kuza umwanya no guteganya
Imashini ya CNC Ibihe Birashobora gutandukana bishingiye kubintu nka:
Igice cyoroshye
l kuboneka
imashini isegereza
l Inyandiko za nyuma yo gutunganya
Mugihe uhisemo imashini za CNC, tekereza mugihe cyumushinga wawe hamwe nigihe ntarengwa gikomeye ugomba guhura. Menyesha ibikenewe byawe hamwe nuwatanze ka CNC kugirango barebe ko bashobora kwakira ibyo usabwa.
Mubihe bimwe na bimwe, ubundi buryo bwa 3D gucapa cyangwa gufata amajwi birashobora gutanga byihuse ibice bimwe cyangwa umusaruro muto.
Mugusuzuma witonze ibyo bintu, urashobora gufata icyemezo kiboneye niba imashini za CNC ni uguhitamo neza kumushinga wawe. Mujyanama ufite abanyamwuga ba CNC kugirango baganire kubyo bakeneye byihariye kandi bagena uburyo bukwiye bwo gukora.
Kugereranya CNC kubundi buryo
Mugihe usuzumye SNC gushushanya umushinga, ni ngombwa kumva uburyo igereranya nuburyo bundi buryo bwo gukora. Buri buryo bufite ibyiza byayo nibibi, bigatuma bikwiranye na porogaramu zitandukanye.
Imashini
Imashini yintoki ikubiyemo imashini yubuhanga ikora igikoresho cyimashini ukoresheje intoki. Ubu buryo burashobora guhitamo neza kubice-bike cyangwa ibice bimwe.
Ibyiza:
hasiamafaranga yo
Ibihe Byihuta
byoroshye gukora byihuse ibice bimwe
Ibibi:
LICTER Umusaruro
l Ntibisanzwe kandi bihamye kuruta CNC
Gusaba imashini zubuhanga
3D icapiro
3D Icapiro, rizwi kandi kubwo gukora no gukora ibiyobyabwenge, byubaka ibice ukoresheje layer kuva muri dosiye ya digitale. Ubu buryo butanga inyungu zidasanzwe kubisabwa bimwe.
Ibyiza:
l Igishushanyo kinini
Imyanda mike
l prototyping yihuta no itera
Ibibi:
l ibihe byihuta byangirika kubijwi kinini
l Amahitamo make yibintu ugereranije na CNC
l Imbaraga zo hasi no kuramba kuruta ibice byafashwe
Gutera inshinge
Gutera inshinge ni inzira yo gukora ikubiyemo gutera inshinge ya pulasitike ahantu habi. Ubu buryo ni bwiza bwo gutanga umusaruro mwinshi wibice bya pulasitike.
Ibyiza:
l Umuyoboro mwinshi cyane
l ibihe byihuta byihuta
l gusubiramo byinshi no guhuzagurika
Ibibi:
l Ibiciro byo hejuru bya Affront
l Kugarukira kuri geometries yoroshye nibiranga
birebire kuyobora ibihe byo kurema mold
Buryo | Ibyiza | Ibibi |
Imashini | Igiciro cyo hasi, Gushiraho byihuse, byoroshye kubice bimwe | Gahoro, gake cyane, ubuhanga bwo hejuru |
3D icapiro | Gushushanya Ubwisanzure, imyanda idakwiye, prototyping | Gahoro gahoro gahoro, ibikoresho bike, imbaraga zo hasi |
Gutera inshinge | Umubumbe mwinshi, ibihe byihuta byihuta, gusubiramo | Ibikoresho bihenze, geometries ntarengwa, birebire bine |
Mugihe uhisemo hagati ya CNC nuburyo bundi buryo, tekereza kubintu nka:
L Umusaruro
Igice cyoroshye
l Ibisabwa
z'ingengoInzitizi
Kugeza igihe
Mugusobanukirwa imbaraga nimbogamizi za buri buryo bwo gukora, urashobora gufata icyemezo kiboneye kijyanye neza nibyo umushinga wawe ukeneye. Baza impuguke zo gukora kugirango umenye uburyo bwiza bwo gusaba.
Ibisabwa bya CNC
Imashini ya CNC ikoreshwa muburyo bunini bwinganda kugirango utange ibice nibigize. Guhinduranya kwayo, ukuri, no gusubiramo bituma bikabigira uburyo bwingenzi bwo gukora kubisabwa byinshi.
Ibigize Aerospace
Inganda za Aerospace zishingiye cyane kuri SNC imashini yo gutanga:
LIRFRAMEIbigize
moteriIbice bya
l gufunga no kwinezeza
l Kumanura ibice by'ibikoresho
Imashini za CNC zirashobora gukora geometries zigoye kandi zigakomeza kwihanganira, kubungabunga umutekano no gukora ibice byindege.
Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga
Imashini za CNC zigira uruhare rukomeye mugukora ibikoresho byubuvuzi nibikoresho. Ingero zirimo:
Ibikoresho byo kubaga
l Gushyira hamwe na proshetics
l Gusuzuma ibikoresho
Ubusobanuro na biocompaTubitanga ibice bya CNC ni ngombwa mubyigisho byubuvuzi.
Ibice by'imodoka
Imashini ya CNC ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zimodoka kuri:
moteriIbigize
l
l Guhagarika ibice
L ya feri ya feri
Umuyoboro mwinshi kandi ufite ireme ryiza ryumurenge wimodoka ukora amashusho ya CNC amahitamo meza.
Ibicuruzwa by'abaguzi
Ibicuruzwa byinshi byabaguzi birimo CNC ibice byahinduwe, nka:
l Amashanyarazi ya elegitoroniki
bibiIbice
l Ibicuruzwa bya siporo
l Imitako n'ibikoresho
Imashini ya CNC yemerera kurema ibishushanyo mbonera kandi byukuri bihuye nibicuruzwa byabaguzi.
Ibikoresho by'inganda
Ibikoresho byinganda Abakora Inganda Wishingikirize kuri CNC kuri:
l imashini yibikoresho byimashini
indanga na fittings
l ibikoresho na sproket
l hydraulic nibigize pneumatike
Kuramba no kwiringirwa kw'ibice bya CNC ni ngombwa mu bikorwa by'inganda.
Inganda | Ingero |
Aerospace | Ibigize by'indege, ibice bya moteri |
Ubuvuzi | Ibikoresho byo kubaga, Gutera |
Automotive | Ibigize moteri, ibice byoherejwe |
Ibicuruzwa by'abaguzi | Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibice byibikoresho |
Ibikoresho by'inganda | Ibikoresho byimashini bigize imashini, indangagaciro na fittings |
Izi ngero zerekana ingaruka nini za CNC zishingiye ku nganda zitandukanye. Mugihe porogaramu ikoranabuhanga, porogaramu ya SNC ikomeje kwaguka, gutwara udushya no gutera imbere mubishushanyo mbonera no gukora.
Ejo hazaza hyc
Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, ejo hazaza h'imashini ya CNC isa neza. Ibihe byinshi bishaje kandi udushya birashimangira uburyo bwa CNC bizahinduka mumyaka iri imbere.
Gutera imbere muri marike ya axis
Imashini nyinshi za CNC, nka 5-axis nimashini za axis, zigenda ziyongera. Imashini zateye imbere zitanga:
l kwiyongera
l neza
kugabanya ibihe byo gushiraho
Ubushobozi bwo kwizihiza geometries igoye mubice bimwe
Nkuko ikoranabuhanga ryinshi riba rishobora kuboneka, rizafungura uburyo bushya bwo gufata amashusho ya CNC.
Kwishyira hamwe no gukora ibikorwa byo kwinjira
Kwishyira hamwe kwa CNC hamwe no gukora ibikorwa byo kwinjira, bizwi kandi gucapa bya 3D, ni iyindi terambere rishimishije. IYI GIKURIKIRA KINYARWANDA Ahuza Imbaraga Zikoranabuhanga ryombi:
l 3d icapiro rirema imiterere igoye n'inzego zoroheje
LNC imashini ya CNC itanga ubushishozi bukabije
Ukoresheje ubwo buhanga hamwe, ababikora barashobora gukora ibice bishya hamwe nuburyo budasanzwe na geometries.
Automation na robotics
Automation na robotika bahindura inganda za CNC. Iterambere muri utwo turere ririmo:
1. Gukoresha ibikoresho byikora
2. Igice cya robo gipakurura no gupakurura
3. Igikoresho cyikora
4. Kugenzura robo no kugenzura ubuziranenge
Iterambere ryongera umusaruro, kugabanya amafaranga yumurimo, no guteza imbere imikorere mubikorwa bya CNC.
AI na Maching Spomisation
Ubwenge bwubukorikori (AI) na mashini bikoreshwa kugirango utegure inzira ya CNC. Izi tekinoroji irashobora:
l guhanura ibikoresho byo kwambara no kubungabunga
l Kunoza ibipimo byo gukata kugirango bishobore gukora neza
Kumenya no gukumira ibibazo byiza
l Hindura kugirango uhindure ibintu mugihe nyacyo
Mugutanga ai na wiga imashini, imashini za CNC zirashobora guhinduka ubwenge kandi neza mugihe runaka.
Inzira | Inyungu |
Imashini-ya Axis | Guhinduka, gusobanuka, kugabanya ibihe bya statup |
Kwishyira hamwe | Imiterere igoye, imiterere yoroheje, imiterere idasanzwe |
Automation na robotics | Kongera umusaruro, kugabanya amafaranga yumurimo, kunoza guhuza |
Ai na mashini | Kubungabunga ibi byahanuwe, ibipimo byerekana, kugenzura uburangare |
Nkuko ubwo buhanga bukomeza guhinduka, ejo hazaza h'imashini ya CNC irasa. Abakora bakira amajyambere bazashyirwaho neza kugirango bakomeze guhatana no guhura nibitekerezo byinganda.
Umwanzuro
Muri iyi ngingo, twasuzumye ibyiza by'ingenzi n'ingaruka z'imashini za CNC. Ikoranabuhanga rya CNC ritanga ubusobanuro butagereranywa, guhuzagurika, no gukora neza, kubigira uburyo bwingenzi bwo gukora kunganda butandukanye.
Ariko, ifite kandi aho ubushobozi bwayo, nkibiciro byinshi byo hejuru kandi bikenewe abakora ubuhanga. Mugihe uhisemo niba wakoresha amashusho ya CNC, ni ngombwa gusuzuma witonze ibisabwa nigikorwa cyawe.
Mugihe tekinoroji yiterambere, ejo hazaza h'imashini ya CNC irasa neza. Hamwe niterambere ryamazi maremare, Inganda zoherejwe, Automativetion, na Ai Uburyonguzi, imashini za CNC zizakomeza guhinduka no gutwara udushya mubikorwa byumukoresha.
