Wigeze wibaza icyatuma amacupa ya plastike atandukanye numufuka wa pulasitike? Igisubizo kiri mubwoko bwa polyethylene cyakoreshwaga. Polyethylene, ibikoresho bya pulasitike byinshi, biza muburyo bubiri bwingenzi: ubucucike bwa polyethylene (hdpe) hamwe nubucucike bwa polyethylene (ldpe).
Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati ya HDPE na ldpe ningirakamaro kubakora, abashushanya, ndetse nabaguzi. Guhitamo ubwoko bwiza bwa polyethylene birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kubikorwa, kuramba, no gusubiramo ibicuruzwa.
Muri iyi ngingo, tuzibira cyane mwisi ya HDPE na ldpe. Tuzasesengura imitungo yabo yihariye, inzira zikoreshwa, hamwe nibisabwa. Iyo iyi nyandiko irangiye, uzasobanukirwa neza uburyo ubwo bwoko bubiri bwa polyethylene butandukanye nuburyo bwo guhitamo ibyiza kubyo ukeneye.
Ni ayahe polythylene?
Polyethylene nimwe muri phostique isanzwe kwisi. Byakoreshejwe ahantu hose, uhereye kumacupa yikirahure kumufuka wibiribwa. Ibyamamare bya polyethylene biva muburyo bwarwo no kuramba. Cyakozwe na Elymeyring Ethylene, inzira itera iminyururu miremire ya molekile. Iyi minyururu irashobora gukora inzego zitandukanye, iganisha ku bwoko butandukanye bwa polyethylene.
Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwa polyethylene: hdpe (ubucucike bwa polyethylene) na ldpe (ubucucike bwa polyethylene). Buri bwoko bufite imitungo idasanzwe kandi ikoresha. HDPE izwi ku mbaraga n'imbaraga zayo. Ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa bikeneye kuramba, nkumuyoboro wamazi n'amacupa yihariye. Ldpe, kurundi ruhande, birahinduka kandi byoroshye. Bikunze gukoreshwa mumifuka ya pulasitike nibipfunyika ibiryo.
Akamaro ka Polyethylene mubuzima bwa buri munsi
Polyethylene ni ngombwa mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Ntushobora kubibona, ariko ni hose. Hano hari porogaramu zimwe na zimwe:
HDPE ikoresha:
LDPE ikoresha:
Amashashi ya pulasitike n'amacupa
Gupakira ibiryo, kimwe na firime yibikoresho hamwe na sandwich
Filime zubuhinzi hamwe nibikoresho bya laboratoire
Polyethylene nawe agira uruhare runini mu nganda za parufe . Kurugero, amacupa yikirahure nibipfunyika byimikorere bikoresha polyethylene kugirango iramba nigishushanyo. Guhinduka kwa ldpe bituma bituma habaho amacupa ya parfume ya parfume nibindi bipfunyika . Gukomera kwa HDPE hemeza ko amacupa yanduye akomeza imiterere yabo no kurinda parufe imbere.
Guhinduranya kwa polyethyylene bigera kubutatu hejuru na yubuvuzi . bwuzuye hamwe kashe ishyushye kandi bishyushye birashobora kuzamura ibicuruzwa bya poyithylene, bigatuma barushaho kuba mwiza. Ibi nibyingenzi munganda byibanze ku gupakira no gupakira ibicuruzwa , aho aesthetic ifite akamaro.
HDPE na ldpe ni iki?
HDPE (ubucucike bwa polyethylene) ni plastiki ikomeye kandi iramba. Ifite umurongo wa polymer polymer hamwe nishami rito. Iyi miterere itanga HDPE ubucucike bugufi kandi bukomeye. Uzasanga HDPE mubicuruzwa bigomba gukomera, nkumuyoboro wamazi, ibikoresho byinganda , hamwe nicupa ryikirahure . Imiterere yayo nayo ituma intungane yo gupakira inganda za parufe , aho imbaraga nukuri ari ngombwa.
Umutungo wa HDPE urimo kurwanya imiti myiza yubushyuhe nubushuhe. Ikoreshwa kubintu byanduye , bipakira gupakira , ndetse n'amacupa ya parufe . Iminyururu ya polymer polymer i Hdpe irapakira cyane, igaha imbaraga zisumba izindi. Ibi bituma HDPE amahitamo yizewe kubintu biremereye.
Ldpe (ubucucike-buke bwa polyethylene) , kurundi ruhande, ifite imiterere yubwiteganyirize. Iyi shami rituma ldpe itagabanuka kandi ihinduka cyane kuruta hdpe. Ldpe isanzwe ikoreshwa mubisabwa aho guhinduka no gukorera mu mucyo bikenewe. Ingero zirimo imifuka ya pulasitike, amacupa yaka , nibipfunyika ibiryo . Guhinduka kwa LDPE nibyiza kubitabye byikirahure mu nganda za parufe nka parufe flacons nikirahure , .
Imiterere ya LDPE irema umwanya munini hagati yiminyururu ya polymer. Ibi bivamo imbaraga zidake ugereranije na hdpe, ariko guhinduka cyane. Ldpe kandi irwanya cyane ingaruka, bigatuma bikwirakwira gupakira aesthetics hamwe nubuhanga bwo gucika intege hejuru . Spray ipfunyitse kandi ishyushye irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango iteze imbere ibicuruzwa, bituma bishimisha.
Ibikorwa
HDPE (Umusaruro wo hejuru wa Polyethylene) umusaruro ukubiyemo intambwe nke zikomeye. Ubwa mbere, ethane yashyutswe mubigega hejuru yubushyuhe bwinshi. Iyi nzira izwi nko gucika. Isenya ethane muri molekile yoroshye. Ibikurikira, Benzene yongewe mu kuvanga kuri polémerizira. Iyi ntambwe isaba kuvurwa mu buryo buke. Ihuriro rya ethane na bengene, munsi yimiterere igenzurwa, ikora iminyururu ya polymer ya HDPE. Hanyuma, fibre yibiti yitangijwe kuvanga, gutanga hdpe imbaraga ziranga nubufatanye.
Gahunda yo gutanga umusaruro wa HDPE irabyemeza ko ifite amashami make mumiterere ya polymer. Uku gupakira cyane molekile zituma hdpe nziza kuri porogaramu ikeneye kuramba. Kurugero, ikoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho byinganda , Amacupa ya Customs , nibipfunyika byimiterere . Imiterere ikomeye ya HDPE nayo ituma gutwika hejuru uburyo bwo nkibiti bya kashe bishyushye kandi bigatera.
Ldpe (ubwinshi-buke-polyethylene) umusaruro ukoresha inzira ebyiri zingenzi: inzira ya tubular hamwe na AutoClave. Inzira ya tubular nuburyo bukunze kugaragara. Itoneshwa kubiciro byayo nibikorwa byamashanyarazi. Muri ubu buryo, gaze ya Ethylene ihagaritswe kandi ifite ubunini muri reaction ya tubular. Ibisabwa imbere muri reaction bigenzurwa neza kugirango biregure imiterere ya polymer biranga ldpe.
Inzira ya autoclave nubundi buryo bukoreshwa mu gutanga ldpe. Iyi nzira ikubiyemo amahirwe gaze ya Ethylene mututungukingurutse muri Autoclave Reaction. Ibidukikije byinshi bitera amashami menshi muminyururu ya polymer, bikaviramo imiterere yo guhinduka no gukosora ldpe. Ihinduka ryingenzi ningirakamaro kubicuruzwa nkamazi ya pulasitike , yakandamiza amacupa , nibipakira ikirahuri.
Imikorere yumusaruro wa ldpe yemerera gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye. Imiterere yayo ihuza ituma isobanura ibirahure byikirahure mu nganda parufe , nka parufe flacons nikirahure za . Ldpe irashobora kandi gukurwa byoroshye muburyo bwo kurangiza kugirango mutezimbere isura yayo.
Imiterere ya molekule
Hdpe (ubucucike bwa polyethylene) ifite umurongo wa molecular imiterere n'amashami make. Iyi miterere itera imbaraga zifatanije cyane, bigatuma HDPE Denser kandi ikomeye. Gahunda yumurongo yemerera molekile gupakirana hafi, kuzamura imbaraga no kuramba. Ibi biranga niyo hdpe ikunze gukoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba gukomera, nkibikoresho byinganda , Amacupa ya Custom , nicupa ryikirahuri kubinganda bya parufe.
Ldpe (ubucucike-buke polyethlene) , kurundi ruhande, ibimenyetso byinshi byamashami hamwe ningendo za polymer. Iyi shami irema umwanya munini hagati ya molekile, bikavamo imbaraga zinterankunga. Ldpe ntabwo aringaniye kandi byoroshye kuruta hdpe. Guhinduka kwayo bituma bikwiranye nibicuruzwa nkamazi ya pulasitike , yakambosha amacupa , nibipfunyika ibiryo . Mu nganda za parufe , ldpe ikunze gukoreshwa kuri parufe hamwe nikirahure cyikirahure bigomba kuba byoroheje no kuramba.
Ubucucike
Ubucucike bwa HDPE butuma bitanga ibitekerezo bikenera imbaraga nubufatanye. Byakoreshejwe muburyo buhumura , gupakira kwisiga , ninganda yikirahure . Ubucucike bwa LDPE, Hagati aho, buratunganye kubintu bisaba guhinduka no koroshya gutunganya. Ldpe iratoneshwa no gupakira igishushanyo mbonera nuburemere bwo hasi.
Imbaraga za Tensile
HDPE TENSILE Imbaraga : Imbaraga zidasanzwe, bigatuma bikwiranye na porogaramu ziremereye.
Imbaraga za Tensile Tensile : Imbaraga za kanseri yayo, ariko guhinduka cyane.
Imbaraga ndende za HDPE nigisubizo cyimirongo ya polymer. Izi mbaraga zituma HDPE ihitamo ryizewe ryubuhanga bwo hejuru nkimiterere ishyushye kandi ikame . Ubu buryo bwongerera iherezo no kugaragara kw'ikirahuri cyapakira ibirahuri . Ldpe, hamwe n'imbaraga za kanseri yayo yo hepfo, ni byiza kuri porogaramu byoroshye. Bikunze gukoreshwa mugupakira no gupakira parufe , aho guhinduka no koroshya kubumba ari ngombwa.
Ibiranga umubiri
HDPE na ldpe bafite imitungo itandukanye ikwirakwira muburyo butandukanye. Reka dusuzume neza isura yabo, ahantu ho gushonga, no kurwanya ubushyuhe.
Isura
HDPE:
- opaque na rigid - byiza kubicuruzwa bikomeye kandi biramba
- opacity irinda ibirindiro byumucyo
Ldpe:
- igice cya kabiri cyangwa umucyo - byoroshye kandi byoroshye
- Bikwiranye no gukata no gupakira byoroshye
- Guhinduranya Guhindura ibicuruzwa imbere
Gushonga
Ingingo yo gushonga nikintu gikomeye muguhitamo hagati ya HDPE na ldpe.
HDPE:
- Ingingo yo gushonga ya 120-140 ° C.
- kurushaho kurwanya ubushyuhe
- Nibyiza kubicuruzwa byerekanwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru
Ldpe:
- Ahantu ho gushonga amanota 105-115 ° C.
- Birakwiriye kubisabwa bidasaba kurwanya ubushyuhe bukabije
- Gushonga birashobora guhindurwa binyuze mu buhanga bwo gutunganya no gutunganya
Kurwanya ubushyuhe
Kurwanya ubushyuhe ni ngombwa mu nganda zitandukanye, nkibicuruzwa bishobora guhura nibidukikije bitandukanye.
HDPE:
- Kurwanya ubushyuhe buhebuje
- Ubushyuhe buva muri -50 ° C kugeza 60 ° C +
- Nibyiza kubicuruzwa bigomba gukomeza imiterere nubunyangamugayo mubihe bitandukanye byubushyuhe
Ldpe:
- irashobora gukomeza imiterere yubushyuhe bugera kuri 80 ° C ubudahwema
- irashobora kwihanganira 95 ° C buri gihe
- Birakwiye kuri porogaramu nyinshi zidasaba ubushyuhe bukabije
Recyclability
HDPE Gusubiramo
HDPE (ubucucike-bwinshi polyethylene) biroroshye gusubiramo ugereranije na ldpe. Gukomera n'imbaraga zayo bituma bitunganyirizwa neza. Inzira yo gutunganya ikubiyemo isuku neza yibicuruzwa bya HDPE kugirango ukureho ibisigisigi byose. Kurugero, ibikoresho by'umutobe bigomba gusukurwa neza. Iyo ibikoresho bimaze gusukurwa, ibi bikoresho biraboraga kandi bigabanuka mubice bito bya pellet. Izi pellet zirashobora gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gukora, nko kubumba cyangwa gutera inshinge.
Gusubiramo HDPE bituma ibikoresho bikunzwe kunganda nyinshi. Pellets zayo zisubirwamo zirashobora gutwarwa cyangwa guhuzwa nabasonderaTs kugirango babone porogaramu zitandukanye, bakongera byinshi. Uyu mutungo ningirakamaro mugukora amacupa mashya , yikirahure parufe , nibindi bicuruzwa bipakira .
Ldpe recyclability
Gusubiramo ldpe (ubucucike bwa polyethylene) biragoye kubera ubwitonzi bwabwo. Imiterere yoroshye yibicuruzwa bya LDPE, nkimifuka ya pulasitike na firime , bivuze ko zishobora gutangwa byoroshye mugusubiramo imashini zisubiramo. Iki kibazo gituma inzira yo gusubiramo cyane kandi idakora neza. LDPE ibicuruzwa bigomba gushonga kugirango ukureho ibintu byose udashaka. Nyuma yo gushonga, ibikoresho birashobora gushingwa mumpapuro za pulasitike kubindi bikorwa, nk'imyenda cyangwa tapi.
Nubwo izo mbogamizi, LDPE isubiramo iracyashoboka kandi ifite akamaro. Impapuro za pulasitike zishobora gukoreshwa munganda zinyuranye, zirimo imitako yikirahure no gupakira . Guhinduka kwa LDPE bitumaherezwa mubicuruzwa bishya, byingirakamaro, nubwo inzira igoye cyane ugereranije na HDPE.
Kugereranya HDPE NA LDPE Gusubiramo
HDPE :
Ldpe :
Biragoye kongera gutunganya kubera byoroshye
Irashobora gutangwa mumashini isubiramo
Gushonga no gukora mumpapuro za plastike kubindi bikorwa
Porogaramu
HDPE
HDPE (ubucucike bwa polyethylene) ikoreshwa cyane kugirango yinjize neza nibicuruzwa. Imbaraga zayo nuburinganire byayo bituma biba byiza kuri porogaramu zitandukanye:
Amacupa n'ibikoresho : HDpe isanzwe ikoreshwa mu mata, amacupa ya teteroling, n'ibindi bikoresho bikabije. Imyitwarire yacyo iremeza ko ibiririnzwe neza kandi kontineri iramba.
Imiyoboro : Ubushobozi bwa HDPE bwo guhangana nigitutu kinini hamwe no kurwanya ruswa bikaba ibikoresho byatoranijwe kumazi na gaze. Iyi miyoboro ningirakamaro mubikorwa remezo kubera kuramba no kwiringirwa.
Ibice by'imodoka : HDPE ikoreshwa mu nganda zimodoka yo gukora tank ya peteroli, inkinzo zikingira, nibindi bice. Kamere yoroheje ifasha mugugabanya uburemere bwimodoka, bitanga umusanzu mubikorwa byiza bya lisansi.
Inganda zinganda : Ingoma ya HDPE nibikoresho bikoreshwa mugukubitwa no gutwara imiti, amavuta, nibikoresho bishobora guteza akaga. Kurwanya imiti bituma kubika neza no gutwara abantu.
Ibikoresho byo gukiniramo UV ya HDPE hamwe na HDPE's UV's bituma habaho guhitamo gukundwa kubikoresho byo hanze, kubungabunga umutekano no kuramba kubice byo gukina abana.
Gusaba LDPE
Ldpe (ubucucike-buke bwa polyethylene) butoneshwa kubihinduka no gukorera mu mucyo, bigatuma bikwirakwira muburyo butandukanye bwo gupakira:
Gupakira byoroshye : ldpe ikoreshwa cyane mumifuka ya pulasitike, firime, no kubura. Ibicuruzwa ni ibyoroshye, byoroshye, kandi birwanya ubushuhe, bikaba byiza mugupakira ibiryo nibindi bicuruzwa byabaguzi.
Imifuka ya pulasitike : Kuva mumifuka yibiribwa kumufuka wimyanda, ihinduka rya LDPE nimbaraga zitunganye kugirango utware kandi ujugunye ibintu bya buri munsi.
Filime : Filime zikoreshwa mubikorwa byubuhinzi nka Greenhouse Covers hamwe na Filime za Mulch. Batanga UV Kurwanya UV no kuramba kugirango barinde ibihingwa nubutaka.
Laminates : Ubushobozi bwa LDPE yo guhuza nibindi bikoresho bituma ari ingirakamaro mugushinga amahembe yo gupakira nibindi bikorwa bisaba guhuza ibikoresho.
Ibicuruzwa bya buri munsi : ldpe ikoreshwa mugukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byabaguzi, harimo amacupa yaka, imifuka y'ibiryo, hamwe no gupakira ibintu nkumugati n'ibiryo.
Ldpe na hdpe ningirakamaro mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, itanga ibisubizo byo gupakira, kubaka, nibicuruzwa byabaguzi. Umutungo wabo wihariye utuma ukwiye gusaba bitandukanye, kureba niba ibicuruzwa bifite umutekano, biramba, kandi bifite akamaro.
Hano hari imbonerahamwe yihuse yerekana bimwe mubikorwa byabo byibanze:
| HDpe | Porogaramu ya HDpe | Isaba |
| Kuringaniza | Amacupa, kontineri, imiyoboro, ibice by'imodoka | Imifuka ya pulasitike, firime, laminates |
| Kuramba | Inganda zinganda, ibikoresho byo gucuruza | Ibicuruzwa bya buri munsi |
| Kurwanya imiti | Kubika no gutwara imiti | Gupakira ibiryo nibindi bicuruzwa |
| Guhinduka | Bike byoroshye ugereranije na ldpe | Byoroshye cyane kandi byoroshye kubumba |
| UV Kurwanya UV | Kurwanya UV High Bikwiye Gukoresha Hanze | Ikoreshwa muri firime zubuhinzi hamwe nigituni cya parike |
Ibyiza n'ibibi
HDPE Ibyiza
Hdpe (ubucucike bwa polyethylene) itanga inyungu nyinshi. Birazwi ku mbaraga nyinshi no kuramba. Ibi bituma bikwiranye na porogaramu iremereye nko guhuza inganda zitunganya , ibinyabiziga , na pisite . Ikindi cyifuzo cyingenzi ni imiti irwanya imiti myiza, ibemerera kwihanganira imiti itandukanye idatesha agaciro. Uyu mutungo ningirakamaro mugupakira no kwisiga bipakira aho ubunyangamugayo bwingenzi. Byongeye kandi, HDPE ifite uburyo bwiza bukoreshwa ugereranije na ldpe. Irashobora kwisukurwa byoroshye, gushinyagurika, no gusubirwamo mubicuruzwa bishya nkamacupa nibipfunyika yikirahure .
HDPE Ibibi
Ariko, hdpe ifite ibibi. Ntabwo byoroshye kurenza ldpe, bigabanya imikoreshereze yayo mubisabwa bisaba kwiyoroshya no guhinduka. Uku gukomera birashobora kuba ibibi mubicuruzwa bikenera ibikoresho byoroshye. Byongeye kandi, hdpe ikunda kuba ihenze kuruta ldpe kubera ibiciro byimbere. Iri tandukaniro ryahagaritswe rishobora kugira ingaruka kubikoresho byingengo yimishinga.
Ldpe ibyiza
Ldpe (ubucucike bwa polyethylene) bisobanura guhinduka no kwiyoroshya. Iyi mitungo ituma itungantego kubicuruzwa nka za plastike , firime , nibipfunyika byoroshye . Umucyo wa tldparency niyindi nyungu, yemerera ibisubizo bisobanutse. Ibi nibyiza kubipfunyika ibiryo no kwisiga bipakira aho bigaragara ko bigaragara. Byongeye kandi, ldpe ntabwo isanzwe ihenze kuruta hdpe, ikabigira aho uhenze kubisabwa.
LDPE Ibibi
Nubwo byanyu byiza, ldpe ifite imbaraga nke nuburamba ugereranije na hdpe. Bikunda kwangirika mu guhangayika, bigabanya imikoreshereze yayo mubisabwa byijambo ryinshi. Gusubiramo ldpe nanone bigoye kubera ubwitonzi bwayo. Irashobora gutangwa mumashini yo gusubiramo, gukora inzira neza. Ubwanyuma, ldpe ifite kurwanya ubushyuhe buke. Ntishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kimwe na hdpe, igabanya imikoreshereze yacyo mubidukikije hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije.
Kugereranya
| imbonerahamwe | ya hdpe | ldpe |
| Imbaraga | Imbaraga nyinshi nimbaga | Imbaraga zo hasi no kuramba |
| Kurwanya imiti | Byiza | Byiza |
| Guhinduka | Gake | Byoroshye cyane |
| Igiciro | Igiciro cyo hejuru | Igiciro gito |
| Recyclability | Byoroshye gusubiramo | Biragoye kongera gutunganya |
| Kurwanya ubushyuhe | Bahanganye n'ubushyuhe burebure | Kurwanya ubushyuhe buke |
Umwanzuro
Muri make, HDPE (ubucucike bwa Polyethylene) na ldpe (ubucucike-buke polyethylene) bifite ibiranga bitandukanye bituma bikwiranye na porogaramu zitandukanye. HDPE izwi kubwumurongo wayo, ubucucike bwinshi, hamwe nimbaraga nziza, bigatuma ari byiza kubicuruzwa biremereye nibicuruzwa, ibikoresho byinganda, nibikoresho byinganda, nibice byinganda, nibice byinganda, nibice byinganda Kurwanya ibirenze imiti no koko byoroshye kongera kujurira.
Kurundi ruhande, imiterere yishami ya ldpe iha guhinduka no kwiyoroshya, bituma bitunganya kugirango bapakira byoroshye, imifuka ya pulasitike, na firime. Nubwo ldpe itoroshye kongera gutunganya kubera ubwitonzi bwayo, ikomeje kuba ibikoresho byiza kandi bifatika kubicuruzwa bya buri munsi.
Guhitamo ibikoresho byiza kubisabwa byihariye ni ngombwa. Gukomera kwa HDPA nibyingenzi kubicuruzwa bisaba imbaraga nyinshi no kurwanya. Ihinduka rya LDPE nigiciro cyo hasi ni byiza kubicuruzwa bikeneye gushyira mubikorwa no gukorera mu mucyo.
Mugihe uhitamo hagati ya hdpe nibicuruzwa, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ko basubiyeho no kugira ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije. Inzira yo gutunganya hdpe ishyigikira imikorere irambye, mugihe ushakisha ibisubizo bishya kugirango ldpe irashobora kugira uruhare mugugabanya imyanda ya plastike. Mugusobanukirwa itandukaniro kandi usuzume ibintu bidukikije, turashobora gufata ibyemezo byuzuye bigirira akamaro ibyo dukeneye ndetse numubumbe.
