Yala zinki magɛnni ye wa? O ɲininkali bɛ kɛ tuma caman na ni baro bɛ kɛ nin nɛgɛ suguya caman kan. Hali n’a bɛ kɛ ka caya, zinki tɛ magɛnni ye. Zinc ka atomikɛlan tɛ i n’a fɔ nɛgɛ walima nikɛri, ɛlektrɔni minnu ma kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ, olu tɛ yen, o b’a kɛ diamagnetic ye. O kɔrɔ ye ko a bɛ magɛnni-yɔrɔw Lajɔ ni barika ye sanni a ka Лini u fɛ.
Zɛnki ka magnɛti-cogo nafa ka bon baara suguya caman na, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, yɔrɔ minnu na magnɛti-dafalen ka kan ka bali. K’a ta finimuguw la minnu bɛ se ka sɔgɔ ka se kuran ma, ka taa a bila kuran-minɛnw lakanani na ɛntɛrinɛti kan, ZINC ka jogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw b’a to a nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ bi iziniw kɔnɔ.
Zɛnki ka jogo min tɛ magɛnni ye, o faamuyali tɛ hakilina jugu kelen dɔrɔn ɲɛfɔ, nka a bɛ fɛn suguya caman nafa jira fɛɛrɛ kuraw la ani . die casting dilanni .
1. Zɛnki ye mun ye ani magɛnni ye mun ye .
Zinc, nɛgɛ finman min bɛ kɛ ni atomike 30 ye, o jɔyɔrɔ ka bon kosɛbɛ izini suguya caman na. A sɔrɔla a ka nɛgɛ cogo la san 1746 Andreas Marggraf fɛ, Zinc kɛra fɛn nafamaba ye bi ɲɛnamaya kɔnɔ. Ameriki dugukoloko sɛgɛsɛgɛli la, diɲɛ zinki bɔli sera mɛtɛrɛ tɔni miliyɔn 13,2 ɲɔgɔn ma san 2020, k’a jira ko a nafa ka bon izini diɲɛ kɔnɔ.
Fɛnw ka magɛnni nafaw faamuyali nafa ka bon baara caman na, k’a ta don o don minɛnw na ka se fɛɛrɛ tigɛlenw ma. An bɛ Zɛnki ni magɛnni cɛsira lajɛ tuma min na, an bɛna hakilinaw sɔrɔ minnu bɛ mɔgɔ ɲɛnajɛ kosɛbɛ nin fɛn caman na ani a jɔyɔrɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen na tabali kan min bɛ kɛ waati ni waati.
2. Zɛnki ka magɛnni cogoya .
2.1 ZINC ka danfara .
Zɛnki bɛ don diamagnetic materials (diamagnetic materials) kulu la. O danfara in bɛ se ka kɛ ko gɛlɛn ye, nka o kɔrɔ dɔrɔn ye ko zinki bɛ kɔsegin barikama jira ni a bɛ magɛnni yɔrɔw la. Zɛnki ka diamagnetiki nafa bɛ jate a ka magɛnni sɛgɛsɛgɛli fɛ, o bɛ -1,56 × 10⁻⁵ (si hakɛ danfaralenw) ɲɔgɔn na so funteni na.
2.2 Magɛnni jaabi .
Ni a bɛ Kɛ ni kɛnɛma magɛnni-yɔrɔ ye, ZINC ka jaabi bɛ danfara Bɔ kosɛbɛ ni an bɛ min Kɔlɔsi magɛnni-minɛnw na minnu bɛ Kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ i n’a fɔ nɛgɛ. Sani a ka sama, zinki bɛ barika dɔgɔya ka bɔ magɛnni sɔrɔyɔrɔ la. O kɛcogo bɛ se ka jira Faraday fɛɛrɛ fɛ, yɔrɔ min na zinki yɔrɔ fitinin dɔ min sirilen bɛ ni jiri finman ye, o bɛna gɛn dɔɔnin ni magɛnni barikama dɔ nana a kɛrɛfɛ.
Walasa ka nin kɛcogo in jira, aw bɛ nin ja in jateminɛ min bɛ magɛnni taamasiɲɛw suma ɲɔgɔn na:
| fɛn suguya | magɛnni sɛgɛsɛgɛli (χ) | misaliw . |
| Ferromagnetic . | A ka bon kosɛbɛ (>1000) . | Nɛgɛ (χ ≈ 200.000) . |
| Paramagnetic . | positif (0 ka se 1 ma) . | Aluminiyɔmu (χ ≈ 2,2 × 10⁻⁵) . |
| Diamagnetic . | Negatif (-1 ka se 0 ma) . | Zɛnki (χ ≈ -1,56 × 10⁻⁵) . |
3. Mun na zinki tɛ magɛnni ye .
3.1 Zɛnki ka atomike sigicogo .
Zɛnki ka magnɛti-cogow dɛsɛ bɛ Se ka Latigɛ a ka ɛlektrɔniki cogoya la. Elektɔronw labɛncogo Zɛnki kɛnɛma-kɔnɔ-kɔnɔ-yɔrɔ la, o jɔyɔrɔ ka bon kosɛbɛ a ka magɛnni kɛcogo dɔnni na.
Zɛnki ka ɛlektrɔniki cogoya ye [AR]3D⊃1;⁰4S⊃2;. O kɔrɔ ye ko zinki ka ɛlektrɔni bɛɛ bɛ Kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ, ka ɛlektrɔni minnu tɛ ɲɔgɔn na, olu si To a kɔkanna-yɔrɔ la. Elektɔron minnu ma Kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ, olu tɛ yen, o ye fɛnba ye walasa ka faamuyali sɔrɔ mun na zinki tɛ magɛnni jogo jira.
Walasa k’o yecogo jira, an ka zinki ka ɛlektrɔniki cogoya ni magɛnnifɛn ta suma ɲɔgɔn na:
| elekitɔnw | labɛncogo | ɛlektrɔnikiw tɛ ɲɔgɔn na . |
| Zɛnki . | [ar]3d⊃1;⁰4s⊃2; | 0 |
| Nɛgɛ | [AR]3D⁶4S⊃2; | 4 |
3.2 Magɛnni waati zinki kɔnɔ .
K’a sababu Kɛ a ka ɛlektrɔni fla dafalenw ye, zinki bɛ ni magɛnni waati ye zeru la. O bɛ danfaraba don ni feromagnetiki fɛnw ye i n’a fɔ nɛgɛ, minnu bɛ ni elekitɔnw ye minnu tɛ ɲɔgɔn ta, minnu bɛ se ka ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ magnɛti-yɔrɔ la, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka magɛnni waati sɔrɔ.
Atomi dɔ ka magɛnni waati (μ) bɛ se ka jate ni formula ye:
μ = √[n(n+2)] μB .
N ye ɛlektrɔni minnu ma Kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ ani μB ye Bohr manɛti ye (9,274 × 10⁻⊃2;⁴ J/T).
Zɛnki la: n = 0, o la μ = 0 nɛgɛ la: n = 4, o la μ ≈ 4,90 μb .
4. Fɛn minnu bɛ zinki ka magɛnni nafa .
4.1 Saniya ni nɔgɔw .
Hali ni zinki saniyalen ye diamagnetiki ye, nɔgɔw bɛ se k’a magɛnni kɛcogo Changer tuma dɔw la. Nɔgɔ dɔw bɛ se ka sigida magɛnni waatiw lawuli, o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka paramagnɛtiki kɛcogo barikama sɔrɔ. Nka, a ka c’a la, o nɔ in ka dɔgɔ fo a tɛ se ka kɔlɔsi don o don baaraw la.
Sɛgɛsɛgɛli dɔ min bɔra gafe kɔnɔ min tɔgɔ ye ko Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (2018) o y’a jira ko zinki nanoparticules doped ni manganɛsi 5% ye, o ye feromagnetiki kɛcogo barikama jira so funteni na, ni saturasiyɔn magɛnni ye 0,08 emU/g ye.
4.2 Funteni hakɛ .
Funteni fana jɔyɔrɔ ka bon zinki ka magɛnni kɛcogo la. Ni funteni bɛ ka caya, magɛnni bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn o fɛn ye ka da nɔgɔw kan, o bɛ dɔgɔya ka taa a fɛ. O bɛ Kɛ bari funteni fanga bɛ 'elektɔronw ka ɲɔgɔndɛmɛ Tiɲɛ, ka magnɛti-fanga dɔɔnin Dɔgɔya.
Jɛɲɔgɔnya min bɛ funteni ni magɛnni sɔrɔli cɛ diamagnetiki fɛnw na i n’a fɔ zinki, o bɛ tugu Curie ka sariya kɔ:
χ = C / T .
yɔrɔ min na C ye Curie constant ye ani T ye funteni dafalen ye. Zɛnki ta la, funteni hakɛ dɔgɔyali ka dɔgɔ kosɛbɛ, ni fɛn caman b’a la ka dɔgɔn ni 1% ye funteni hakɛ la min bɛ se 100k ma ka se 300k ma.
5. Yala zinki bɛ se ka kɛ magɛnni ye wa?
5.1 Alloying .
Hali ni zinki saniyalen tɛ se ka kɛ magɛnni ye, n’i y’a fara ɲɔgɔn kan ni feromagnetiki fɛnw ye, o bɛ se ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw dilan ni magɛnni ye. Misali la, zinki fɛn dɔw bɛ Kɛ ka magɛnni-sεnεw dilanni na. A nafa ka bon k’a dɔn ko nin fɛn ninnu bɛ magɛnni jogo jira ka da fɛnw kan minnu farala ɲɔgɔn kan, zinki yɛrɛ tɛ.
Misali la, zinki-based magnetic alloy:
| alloy tɔgɔ | composition | magnetic property | application |
| Znfe4 | zinki ferite . | Ferrimagnetic . | Magnetic Cores, Sensors . |
5.2 Ko kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw .
Kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔw la, zinki-based compounds bɛ se ka magnɛti jogo jira:
Zɛnki ferite (ZNFE22): Nin furakisɛ in bɛ ferrimagnetiki jogo jira ka da nɛgɛ ionw sɔrɔli kan. A ka curie funteni bɛ 10°C ɲɔgɔn na, a bɛ Kɛ paramagnetic ye min sanfɛ.
Doped zinc oxide nanostructures: Sɛgɛsɛgɛli minnu bɔra gafe kɔnɔ Nanoscale Research Letters (2010) y’a jira ko ZnO nanostructures doped ni 5% cobalt ye so funteni ferromagnetisme jira ni saturasiyɔn magnɛti ye 1.7 emU/g.
6. Baarakɛcogo minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni zinki ka cogoya ye min tɛ magnɛti ye .
6.1 Kuran yɔrɔw .
Zɛnki ka cogoya min tɛ magɛnni ye, o b’a kɛ nafa ye kuran baara la. A nafa ka bon kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la kuran-magnetiki lakanani na, yɔrɔ min na a bɛ se ka kuran-yɔrɔw bali k’a sɔrɔ a ma kɛ magɛnni yɛrɛ ye. Zɛnki ka nafa sɔrɔli EMI lakanani na, o bɛ se ka jateminɛ ni a lakanani nafa (SE) ye, o min bɛ kɛ 85-95 dB lamini na 0,1mm zinki janya la 1 GHz la.
6.2 Magɛnni lakanani .
ZINC ka se ka magɛnni-yɔrɔw Lajɔ dɔɔnin, o b’a Kɛ sugandili ɲuman ye magɛnni lakanani baarakɛcogo la. A bɛ kɛ ka minɛnw lakana minnu bɛ se ka kɛ, olu lakana ka bɔ kɛnɛma magɛnni sɛgɛsɛgɛli la, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka baara kɛcogo ɲuman sɔrɔ minɛn suguya caman na.
Tabali min bɛ tali kɛ fɛnw na minnu bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn wɛrɛw ye:
| fɛnw | lakanani nafama (DB) ni 1 GHz ye . |
| Zɛnki . | 85-95 . |
| Nɛgɛ | 90-100 . |
| Aluminiyɔmu . | 80-90 . |
7. Ka zinki suma ni nɛgɛw magnɛti ni nɛgɛmafɛnw ye .
7.1 nɛgɛw magɛnni .
A tɛ i n’a fɔ zinki, nɛgɛw i n’a fɔ nɛgɛ, nikɛri ani kobalt bɛ magɛnni barikamaw jira. O fɛnw bɛ se ka magɛn nɔgɔya la ani k’u ka magɛnni mara, o b’a to u nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ baarakɛcogo la i n’a fɔ kuran motɛriw ani fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw.
7.2 Nɛgɛ wɛrɛw minnu tɛ magɛnni ye .
Zɛnki kelen tɛ a ka cogoya la min tɛ magɛnni ye. Nɛgɛ wɛrɛw minnu bɛ sɔrɔ tuma caman i n’a fɔ nɛgɛ, sanu ani aliminiyɔmu, olu fana tɛ magɛnni nafama jira. Nka, o nɛgɛ kelen-kelen bɛɛ n’a ka jogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw bɛ yen minnu b’a to u bɛ bɛn baarakɛcogo wɛrɛw ma.
Magɛnni cogoyaw ni a kɛcogoyaw suma ɲɔgɔn na:
| nɛgɛ | magɛnni sɛgɛsɛgɛli (χ) | baarakɛcogo jɔnjɔnw . |
| Zɛnki . | -1,56 × 10⁻⁵ . | Galvanization, Alloys, shield . |
| Nɛgɛ | -9,63 × 10⁻⁶ . | Kuran ka fili, funteni fɛnw . |
| Sanu | -3,44 × 10⁻⁵ . | Bijouterie, Electronics, Fura |
| Aluminiyɔmu . | 2,2 × 10⁻⁵ . | Aerospace, Construction, Packaging . |
8. Kuncɛli .
Ɲininkali jaabi la 'ziki magɛnni ye wa?', an y'a jira ko zinki saniyalen tɛ magɛnni ye. A ka diamagnetic (diamagnetic) kɔrɔ ye ko a bɛ magnɛti-yɔrɔw gɛn ni barika ye sanni a ka sama u ma. O nafolo in bɛ Bɔ zinki ka atomikɛlan na, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la a ka ɛlektrɔni minnu ma Kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ.
Hali ni zinki yɛrɛ tɛ magɛnni ye, a cogoya min tɛ magnɛti ye, o bɛ nafa caman jira baara suguya caman na. K’a ta minɛnw lakanani na ka se u kɛli ma i n’a fɔ jirisun kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ka basigi, ZINC ka nafolo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw bɛ ka taa a fɛ k’a kɛ fɛn nafamaba ye bi fɛɛrɛw ni iziniw kɔnɔ.
Fɛn minnu bɛ kɛ i n’a fɔ zinki, olu ka magɛnni nafaw faamuyali nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ fɛɛrɛ kuraw yiriwali la ani ka fɛɛrɛ kuraw sɔrɔ ɛntɛrinɛti gɛlɛyaw la. Ni ɲininiw bɛ ka taa ɲɛ, an bɛ se ka nin nɛgɛ suguya caman wɛrɛw sɔrɔ minnu bɛ mɔgɔ ɲɛnajɛ kosɛbɛ, magnɛti walima u tɛ.
Ɲininkali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na: zinki ni magɛnni .
Yala zinki magɛnni ye wa?
Ayi, zinki saniyalen tɛ magɛnni ye. A bɛ jate diamagnetic material ye, o kɔrɔ ye ko a bɛ magnɛti-yɔrɔw gɛn ni barika ye.
Yala zinki bɛ se ka kɛ magɛnni ye cogo dɔ la wa?
Zɛnki saniyalen tɛ se ka kɛ magɛnni ye kudayi. Nka ni a kɛra ni ferromagnetiki fɛn dɔw ye walima ni magɛnni barikamaba bɛ yen, zinki-based compounds bɛ se ka magnɛti fanga barikama jira.
Mun na zinki magɛnni tɛ?
Zɛnki tɛ magɛnni ye k'a sababu Kɛ a ka 'elektɔronw cogoya ye. A ka 3D subshell dafalen bɛ a la, o bɛ na ni ɛlektrɔnikiw ye minnu ma ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ, minnu ka kan ka kɛ feromagnetiki kɛcogo la.
ZINC bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ cogo di ni magɛnni ye?
Zɛnki bɛ magɛnni fanga dɔgɔya k’a sababu kɛ a ka diamagnetiki cogoya ye. A ka c’a la, o kɔsegin in barika ka dɔgɔ kosɛbɛ, wa a ka c’a la, a tɛ kɔlɔsi don o don kow la.
Yala zinki fɛn dɔw bɛ yen minnu bɛ magɛn wa?
Ɔwɔ, zinki dɔw bɛ se ka kɛ magɛnni ye. Misali la, zinki-nɛgɛ walima zinki-nickel fɛn dɔw bɛ se ka magɛnni kɛcogo jira ka da nɛgɛ walima nikɛri ka feromagnetiki cogoya kan.
Yala zinki ka baarakɛcogo tɛ se ka kɛ ni waleyali ye wa?
Awɔ. Zinc ka nafolo min tɛ magnɛti ye, o b’a kɛ nafa ye baarakɛcogo la, yɔrɔ minnu na magnɛti-dantigɛli ka kan ka dɔgɔya, i n’a fɔ ɛntɛrinɛti yɔrɔ dɔw la walima magɛnni lakanani na.
Yala magɛnni sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ se ka kɛ ka zinki saniyalen dɔn wa?
Hali ni zinki tɛna sama magɛnni ma, magɛnni sɛgɛsɛgɛli dɔrɔn tɛ se ka zinki saniyalen dɔn. Nɛgɛ caman wɛrɛ minnu tɛ magɛnni ye, olu bɛ se ka fili ka kɛ zinki ye. Kɔrɔbɔli wɛrɛw ka kan ka kɛ walasa ka a dɔn tigitigi.
