VDI 3400 shine ma'aunin rubutu mai mahimmanci wanda Ƙungiyar Injiniya ta Jamus (Verein Deutscher Ingenieure) ta haɓaka wanda ke bayyana ƙarewar ƙasa don yin ƙira.Wannan ƙayyadaddun ma'auni ya ƙunshi maki 45 daban-daban na rubutu, kama daga santsi zuwa ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarewa, cin abinci ga masana'antu da aikace-aikace daban-daban.
Fahimtar VDI 3400 yana da mahimmanci ga masu yin ƙira, masu zanen kaya, da ƴan kasuwa waɗanda ke ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar samfuran inganci, sha'awar gani, da ingantattun samfuran aiki.Ta hanyar bin wannan ma'auni, ƙwararru za su iya tabbatar da daidaiton ingancin rubutu a cikin matakai daban-daban na masana'antu, kayan aiki, da buƙatun amfani na ƙarshe, a ƙarshe yana haifar da ingantaccen aikin samfur da gamsuwar abokin ciniki.
Fahimtar Ka'idodin VDI 3400
Menene VDI 3400 Texture?
VDI 3400 cikakkiyar ma'aunin rubutu ne wanda Ƙungiyar Injiniya ta Jamus (Verein Deutscher Ingenieure) ta haɓaka don ayyana ƙarewar ƙasa don yin ƙira.Wannan ma'auni ya zama karbuwa sosai a duniya, ba kawai a cikin Jamus ba, a matsayin abin dogaro don cimma daidaito da daidaiton laushin yanayi a cikin matakai daban-daban na masana'antu.
Ma'auni na VDI 3400 yana rufe nau'ikan nau'ikan rubutu iri-iri, daga santsi zuwa ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarewa, yana ba da buƙatun masana'antu iri-iri.Ya ƙunshi nau'o'in rubutu daban-daban guda 12, kama daga VDI 12 zuwa VDI 45, kowannensu yana da ƙayyadaddun dabi'u da aikace-aikace.
Babban darajar VDI3400 | Ƙarfin Sama (Ra, µm) | Aikace-aikace na yau da kullun |
VDI 12 | 0.40 | Ƙananan sassan goge baki |
VDI 15 | 0.56 | Ƙananan sassan goge baki |
VDI 18 | 0.80 | Satin gama |
VDI 21 | 1.12 | Ƙarshe mara kyau |
VDI 24 | 1.60 | Ƙarshe mara kyau |
VDI 27 | 2.24 | Ƙarshe mara kyau |
VDI 30 | 3.15 | Ƙarshe mara kyau |
VDI 33 | 4.50 | Ƙarshe mara kyau |
VDI 36 | 6.30 | Ƙarshe mara kyau |
VDI 39 | 9.00 | Ƙarshe mara kyau |
VDI 42 | 12.50 | Ƙarshe mara kyau |
VDI 45 | 18.00 | Ƙarshe mara kyau |
Babban aikace-aikace na VDI 3400 laushi sun haɗa da:
l Masana'antar kera motoci: Abubuwan ciki da na waje
l Lantarki: Gidaje, casings, da maɓalli
l Na'urorin likitanci: Kayan aiki da saman kayan aiki
l Kayayyakin masu amfani: Marufi, kayan aiki, da kayan aiki
Rukunin VDI 3400 Textures
Ma'auni na VDI 3400 ya ƙunshi nau'ikan nau'ikan rubutu iri-iri, kowannensu yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙima da aikace-aikace.An tsara waɗannan nau'ikan ta lambobi masu kama daga VDI 12 zuwa VDI 45, tare da haɓaka ƙarancin ƙasa yayin da lambobin ke ci gaba.
Anan ga rugujewar nau'ikan rubutu na VDI 3400 da daidaitattun ƙimar Ra da Rz:
Babban darajar VDI3400 | Ra (µm) | Rz (µm) | Aikace-aikace |
VDI 12 | 0.40 | 1.50 | Ƙananan sassan goge, misali, madubai, ruwan tabarau |
VDI 15 | 0.56 | 2.40 | Ƙananan sassa na goge, misali, datsa na ciki na mota |
VDI 18 | 0.80 | 3.30 | Ƙarshen satin, misali, kayan aikin gida |
VDI 21 | 1.12 | 4.70 | Ƙarshe mara kyau, misali, gidaje na na'urar lantarki |
VDI 24 | 1.60 | 6.50 | Ƙarshe mara kyau, misali, sassa na waje na mota |
VDI 27 | 2.24 | 10.50 | Ƙarshe mara kyau, misali, kayan aikin masana'antu |
VDI 30 | 3.15 | 12.50 | Ƙarshe mara kyau, misali, kayan aikin gini |
VDI 33 | 4.50 | 17.50 | Ƙarshe mara kyau, misali, injinan noma |
VDI 36 | 6.30 | 24.00 | Ƙarshe mara kyau, misali, kayan aiki masu nauyi |
VDI 39 | 9.00 | 34.00 | Ƙarshe mara kyau, misali, kayan aikin hakar ma'adinai |
VDI 42 | 12.50 | 48.00 | Ƙarshe mara kyau, misali, abubuwan masana'antar mai da iskar gas |
VDI 45 | 18.00 | 69.00 | Ƙarshe maras ban sha'awa, misali, aikace-aikacen yanayi matsananci |
Ƙimar Ra tana wakiltar matsakaicin ƙididdiga na bayanin martabar rashin ƙarfi, yayin da ƙimar Rz ke nuna matsakaicin matsakaicin tsayin bayanin martaba.Waɗannan dabi'un suna taimaka wa injiniyoyi da masu zanen kaya su zaɓi nau'in rubutun VDI 3400 da suka dace don takamaiman aikace-aikacen su, la'akari da dalilai kamar:
l Daidaituwar kayan aiki
l Fitowar da ake so
l Abubuwan buƙatun aiki (misali, juriyar zamewa, juriya na lalacewa)
l Samar da yuwuwar samarwa da ƙimar farashi
VDI 3400 vs. Sauran Ka'idojin Rubutu
Duk da yake VDI 3400 sanannen sananne ne kuma ana amfani da ma'aunin rubutu, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci yadda yake kwatanta da sauran ƙa'idodi na duniya.Wannan sashe zai samar da kwatancen bincike na VDI 3400 tare da wasu fitattun ma'auni na rubutu, yana nuna fa'idodin su na musamman, fa'idodi, da yuwuwar illa ga takamaiman aikace-aikace.
VDI 3400 vs. SPI Gama
SPI (Ƙungiyoyin Masana'antar Filastik) ana amfani da daidaitattun ƙa'idodin gamawa a cikin Amurka kuma suna mai da hankali kan santsin ƙarewar saman.Sabanin haka, VDI 3400 yana jaddada ƙaƙƙarfan yanayi kuma an fi karɓe shi sosai a Turai da sauran sassan duniya.
Al'amari | Farashin 3400 | SPI Ƙarshe |
Mayar da hankali | Ƙunƙarar saman | Santsin saman |
Yaɗuwar ƙasa | Turai da duniya | Amurka |
Adadin maki | 12 (VDI 12 zuwa VDI 45) | 12 (A-1 zuwa D-3) |
Aikace-aikace | Mold rubutu | Mold gogewa |
VDI 3400 vs. Mold-Tech Textures
Mold-Tech, wani kamfani na Amurka, yana ba da sabis na rubutu na al'ada kuma yana ba da nau'i mai yawa na nau'i.Duk da yake Mold-Tech laushi yana ba da sassauci mafi girma a cikin ƙira, VDI 3400 yana ba da daidaitaccen tsarin kula da yanayin ƙasa.
Al'amari | Farashin 3400 | Mold-Tech Textures |
Nau'in rubutu | Daidaitaccen makin rashin ƙarfi | Tsarin rubutu na al'ada |
sassauci | Iyakance zuwa maki 12 | High, zai iya ƙirƙirar alamu na musamman |
Daidaitawa | High, saboda daidaitawa | Ya dogara da takamaiman rubutu |
Farashin | Gabaɗaya ƙasa | Mafi girma, saboda gyare-gyare |
VDI 3400 vs. Yick Sang Textures
Yick Sang, wani kamfani na kasar Sin, yana ba da hidimomin rubutu iri-iri kuma ya shahara a kasar Sin da sauran kasashen Asiya.Duk da yake Yick Sang laushi yana ba da ɗimbin zaɓi na alamu, VDI 3400 yana ba da ingantaccen tsarin kula da ƙazanta.
Al'amari | Farashin 3400 | Yick Sang Textures |
Nau'in rubutu | Daidaitaccen makin rashin ƙarfi | Faɗin nau'ikan ƙirar rubutu |
Yaɗuwar ƙasa | Turai da duniya | China da kasashen Asiya |
Daidaitawa | High, saboda daidaitawa | Ya bambanta dangane da rubutu |
Farashin | Gabaɗaya ƙasa | Matsakaici, saboda zaɓuɓɓuka iri-iri |
Bayanin Raka'a Ma'auni
Don cikakken fahimtar ma'aunin VDI 3400, yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar raka'a na ma'auni da aka yi amfani da su don ƙididdige ƙarancin ƙasa.Ma'auni na VDI 3400 da farko yana ɗaukar raka'a biyu: Ra (matsakaicin matsakaici) da Rz (Matsakaicin matsakaicin tsayin bayanin martaba).Waɗannan raka'o'in yawanci ana bayyana su a cikin mitoci (µm) ko microinches (µin).
1. Ra (Matsakaicin Rashin ƙarfi)
a. Ra shine matsakaicin ƙididdiga na madaidaitan dabi'u na karkatattun tsayin bayanin martaba daga maƙasudin layi a cikin tsayin kimantawa.
b. Yana ba da cikakken bayanin rubutun saman kuma shine mafi yawan amfani da siga a cikin ma'auni na VDI 3400.
c. Ana bayyana ƙimar Ra a cikin micrometers (µm) ko microinches (µin).1 µm = 0.001 mm = 0.000039 inci
i. 1 µin = 0.000001 inci = 0.0254 µm
2. Rz (Matsakaicin matsakaicin tsayin bayanin martaba)
a. Rz shine matsakaicin matsakaicin tsayin tsayi-zuwa kwari na tsayin samfur biyar a jere a cikin tsayin kimantawa.
b. Yana ba da bayani game da halaye na tsaye na rubutun saman kuma ana amfani dashi sau da yawa tare da Ra.
c. Hakanan ana bayyana ƙimar Rz a cikin mitoci (µm) ko microinches (µin).
Tebur mai zuwa yana nuna ƙimar Ra da Rz don kowane maki VDI 3400 a cikin micrometers da microinches:
Babban darajar VDI3400 | Ra (µm) | Ra (µin) | Rz (µm) | Rz (µin) |
VDI 12 | 0.40 | 16 | 1.50 | 60 |
VDI 15 | 0.56 | 22 | 2.40 | 96 |
VDI 18 | 0.80 | 32 | 3.30 | 132 |
VDI 21 | 1.12 | 45 | 4.70 | 188 |
VDI 24 | 1.60 | 64 | 6.50 | 260 |
VDI 27 | 2.24 | 90 | 10.50 | 420 |
VDI 30 | 3.15 | 126 | 12.50 | 500 |
VDI 33 | 4.50 | 180 | 17.50 | 700 |
VDI 36 | 6.30 | 252 | 24.00 | 960 |
VDI 39 | 9.00 | 360 | 34.00 | 1360 |
VDI 42 | 12.50 | 500 | 48.00 | 1920 |
VDI 45 | 18.00 | 720 | 69.00 | 2760 |
Aikace-aikace da Fa'idodi
Aikace-aikacen VDI 3400 a Masana'antu daban-daban
Rubutun VDI 3400 suna samun aikace-aikace mai yawa a cikin masana'antu daban-daban, saboda iyawarsu da daidaitattun yanayi.Anan akwai wasu misalan yadda sassa daban-daban ke amfani da laushin VDI 3400 a cikin tsarin masana'antar su:
1. Masana'antar Motoci
a. Abubuwan ciki na ciki: Dashboard, guraben ƙofa, da datsa sassa
b. Abubuwan da ke waje: Bumpers, grilles, da gidajen madubi
c. Misali: Rubutun VDI 27 da aka yi amfani da shi akan dashboard ɗin mota don matte, ƙarancin haske.
2. Masana'antar Aerospace
a. Abubuwan ciki na jirgin sama: Binan sama, ɓangarorin wurin zama, da bangon bango
b. Misali: Rubutun VDI 30 da aka yi amfani da shi don datsa cikin jirgin sama don daidaito, tsayin daka
3. Kayan Wutar Lantarki na Masu Amfani
a. Gidajen na'ura: Wayoyin hannu, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, da saitunan talabijin
b. Maɓallai da ƙwanƙwasa: Ikon nesa, na'urori, da masu sarrafa caca
c. Misali: Rubutun VDI 21 da aka yi amfani da shi akan murfin baya na wayowin komai da ruwanka don ingantaccen satin
Fa'idodin Amfani da VDI 3400 Textures
Aiwatar da kayan laushi na VDI 3400 a cikin ƙirar samfuri da masana'anta yana ba da fa'idodi da yawa, gami da:
1. Ingantattun Dorewar Samfura
a. Ƙirar ƙasa mai daidaituwa yana haɓaka juriya da tsayi
b. Rage haɗarin karce, ɓarna, da sauran lalacewar ƙasa
2. Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa
a. Zaɓuɓɓukan rubutu masu faɗi don dacewa da zaɓin ƙira iri-iri
b. Daidaitaccen bayyanar da ke tsakanin samar da batches daban-daban
3. Ingantacciyar Ƙarfin Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙira
a. Daidaitaccen laushi yana sauƙaƙe ƙirar ƙira da ƙira
b. Rage lokutan jagora da ƙara yawan aiki saboda ingantattun matakai
4. Ingantattun Gamsuwar Abokin Ciniki
a. Ƙarshen saman mai inganci yana ba da gudummawa ga ingantattun ƙwarewar mai amfani
b. Daidaitaccen bayyanar samfur da ɗorewa yana haifar da haɓaka amincin abokin ciniki
Yadda Ake Aiwatar da VDI 3400 Textures a cikin Tsarin Mold
Don samun nasarar haɗa nau'ikan VDI 3400 cikin ƙirar ƙirar ku, bi waɗannan matakan:
1. Ƙayyade ƙarewar saman da ake so dangane da buƙatun samfur da abubuwan da ake so
2. Zaɓi madaidaicin rubutu na VDI 3400 da ya dace (misali, VDI 24 don gamawa mara kyau)
3. Yi la'akari da kaddarorin kayan kuma zaɓi kusurwoyi masu dacewa (koma zuwa sashe na 3.4)
4. Ƙayyade zaɓaɓɓen nau'in rubutu na VDI 3400 akan ƙirar ƙira ko ƙirar CAD
5. Sadar da buƙatun rubutu a fili ga mai yin ƙira
6. Tabbatar da ingancin rubutu yayin gwajin ƙirƙira kuma daidaita yadda ya cancanta
Lokacin zabar laushi, la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan:
l Daidaitawar kayan aiki: Tabbatar cewa rubutun ya dace da zaɓaɓɓen kayan filastik
l Ƙarshen da ake so: Zaɓi nau'in rubutu wanda ya dace da yanayin da aka yi niyya
l Sakin samfur: Zaɓi don laushi mai sauƙi wanda ke sauƙaƙe fitar da sashi daga ƙirar
Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙira
Kusurwoyin zayyana suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a ƙirar ƙira, saboda suna sauƙaƙe sauƙin cire ɓangarorin da aka ƙera daga ramin ƙira.Matsakaicin rubutun da ya dace ya dogara da kayan da ake amfani da su da kuma yanayin da aka kayyade ta ma'aunin VDI 3400.Rashin isassun kusurwoyin zayyana na iya haifar da mannewa sashi, lahani na sama, da ƙara lalacewa a saman ƙura.
Anan ga tebur da ke nuna kusurwoyin zayyana shawarar da aka ba da shawarar don kayan filastik gama-gari bisa ga makin rubutu na VDI 3400:
Kayan abu | Babban darajar VDI3400 | Wurin Zane (digiri) |
ABS | 12-21 | 0.5 ° - 1.0 ° |
24-33 | 1.0 ° - 2.5 ° |
36-45 | 3.0° - 6.0° |
PC | 12-21 | 1.0 ° - 1.5 ° |
24-33 | 1.5° - 3.0° |
36-45 | 4.0 ° - 7.0 ° |
PA | 12-21 | 0.0 ° - 0.5 ° |
24-33 | 0.5 ° - 2.0 ° |
36-45 | 2.5° - 5.0° |
* Lura: Kusurwoyin zayyana da aka bayar a sama jagorori ne na gaba ɗaya.Koyaushe tuntuɓi mai samar da kayan ku da mai yin ƙira don takamaiman shawarwari dangane da buƙatun aikinku.
Mahimman batutuwan da ya kamata a yi la'akari da su yayin da ake tantance kusurwoyi:
l Mafi girma VDI 3400 maki (rougher laushi) yana buƙatar manyan kusurwoyi na zayyana don tabbatar da sakin sashin da ya dace.
l Abubuwan da ke da mafi girman ƙimar raguwa, kamar ABS da PC, gabaɗaya suna buƙatar manyan kusurwoyi na zayyana idan aka kwatanta da kayan kamar PA.
l Sassa daban-daban na geometries, irin su haƙarƙari mai zurfi ko yanke, na iya buƙatar manyan kusurwoyi masu ƙima don hana mannewa da sauƙaƙe fitarwa.
l Filayen rubutu yawanci suna buƙatar manyan kusurwoyi na zayyana idan aka kwatanta da filaye masu santsi don kula da ƙarshen saman da ake so da kuma guje wa nakasu yayin fitarwa.
Ta zaɓin kusurwoyi masu dacewa da suka dace dangane da kayan da ƙimar rubutu na VDI 3400, zaku iya tabbatar da:
l Mafi sauƙin cire sashi daga mold
l Rage haɗarin lahani na ƙasa da nakasawa
l Ingantattun mold karko da tsawon rai
l m surface texture fadin mahara samar gudu
Halayen Fasaha
Dabarun samarwa don VDI 3400 Textures
VDI 3400 laushi za a iya samar da ta amfani da daban-daban dabaru, kowane da nasa abũbuwan amfãni da gazawar.Hanyoyi guda biyu da aka fi amfani dasu sune Injin Dillancin Lantarki (EDM) da etching sinadarai.
1. Injin Dillancin Lantarki (EDM)
a. EDM wani tsari ne mai mahimmanci da sarrafawa wanda ke amfani da tartsatsin wutar lantarki don ɓatar da ƙirar ƙira da ƙirƙirar rubutun da ake so.
b. Tsarin ya ƙunshi na'ura mai ɗaukar nauyi (yawanci graphite ko jan ƙarfe) wanda aka siffata zuwa sabanin tsarin rubutu da ake so.
c. Ana haifar da tartsatsin wutar lantarki tsakanin wutar lantarki da farfajiyar mold, a hankali cire abu da ƙirƙirar rubutu.
d. EDM yana iya samar da ƙididdiga masu mahimmanci da cikakkun bayanai, yana sa ya dace da ƙirar ƙira da aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci.
2. Chemical Etching
a. Chemical etching ne mai tsada-tasiri da ingantaccen hanya domin samar da VDI 3400 laushi a kan manyan surface yankunan.
b. Tsarin ya haɗa da yin amfani da abin rufe fuska mai juriya na sinadarai zuwa saman ƙura, barin wuraren da za a yi rubutu a fallasa.
c. Sa'an nan kuma ana nutsar da ƙwayar a cikin maganin acidic, wanda ke kawar da wuraren da aka fallasa, yana haifar da nau'in da ake so.
d. Kemikal etching yana da amfani musamman don cimma nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan iri kuma ya dace da ƙirar ƙira mara nauyi.
Hakanan ana iya amfani da wasu hanyoyin rubutu na al'ada, kamar yashi da goge-goge, don ƙirƙirar nau'ikan VDI 3400.Duk da haka, waɗannan hanyoyin ba su da ma'ana kuma suna iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa a saman fasinja.
Tabbacin Inganci da Ka'idoji
Don tabbatar da daidaito da ingancin kayan kwalliyar VDI 3400, masana'antun dole ne su aiwatar da ingantattun hanyoyin tabbatar da inganci kuma su bi ka'idodin duniya.
Mahimman abubuwan da ke tabbatar da inganci a cikin samar da rubutu na VDI 3400 sun haɗa da:
l Daidaitawar yau da kullun da kula da injunan EDM da kayan etching na sinadarai
l Ƙuntataccen sarrafa sigogi na tsari, kamar lalacewa ta hanyar lantarki, lokacin etching, da tattarawar bayani
l Duban gani da tactile na mold saman don tabbatar da daidaiton rubutu da rashin lahani
l Amfani da na'urorin auna ma'auni (misali, profilometers) don tabbatar da yarda da ƙayyadaddun VDI 3400
Yarda da ka'idodin kasa da kasa, kamar ISO 25178 (Surface texture: Areal) da ISO 4287 (Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Rubutun saman: Hanyar bayanin martaba), yana tabbatar da cewa VDI 3400 laushi ya sadu da inganci da daidaito a duniya.
Dabarun Auna Ƙarshen Sama
Daidaitaccen ma'auni na ƙauyen saman yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da yarda da ƙayyadaddun VDI 3400 da kuma tabbatar da ingancin samfurin ƙarshe.Hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita don auna taurin saman ita ce amfani da na'urar tantancewa.
1. Bayanan martaba
a. Profilometers su ne ainihin kayan aikin da ke amfani da stylus ko Laser don gano bayanan martaba da kuma auna taurin saman.
b. Suna samar da ma'auni masu inganci da maimaitawa, suna mai da su zaɓin da aka fi so don kula da inganci da dalilai na dubawa.
c. Profilometers na iya auna sigogi daban-daban na rashin ƙarfi na saman, kamar Ra (ma'anar ƙididdiga) da Rz (mafi girman girman bayanin martaba), kamar yadda aka ƙayyade a ma'aunin VDI 3400.
2. Madadin Hanyoyin Aunawa
a. Ma'aunin ƙarewar saman, wanda kuma aka sani da masu kwatancen, kayan aikin gani ne da na taɓawa waɗanda ke ba da izinin kwatankwacin sauƙi da sauƙi na laushin saman da samfuran tunani.
b. Yayin da ma'aunin ƙarewar saman ba su da madaidaici fiye da na'urori masu ƙima, suna da amfani don saurin dubawa a kan rukunin yanar gizo da tantance ingancin farko.
Kurakurai aunawa, kamar daidaitawar kayan aikin da ba daidai ba ko dabarar samfur ba daidai ba, na iya haifar da rashin ingantattun karantawa na saman da yuwuwar tasiri ingancin samfurin ƙarshe.Don rage kurakuran auna, yana da mahimmanci:
l Daidaita da kuma kula da kayan aunawa akai-akai
l Bi daidaitattun hanyoyin aunawa da dabarun samfur
l Tabbatar cewa gyalen yana da tsabta kuma ba shi da tarkace ko gurɓatawa kafin aunawa
l Yi ma'aunai da yawa a saman ƙera don lissafin yuwuwar bambancin
Ta hanyar aiwatar da ingantattun hanyoyin tabbatar da ingancin inganci, bin ka'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa, da yin amfani da ingantattun dabarun auna yanayin ƙasa, masana'antun na iya ci gaba da samar da ingancin VDI 3400 masu inganci waɗanda suka dace da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun da ake buƙata kuma tabbatar da gamsuwar abokin ciniki.
Kwatanta Matsayin Rubutun Duniya
VDI 3400 vs. SPI Kammala Matsayi
Lokacin da ake magana akan ma'auni na rubutu, yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar bambance-bambance da kamance tsakanin VDI 3400 da aka yi amfani da su da yawa da SPI (Ƙungiyoyin Masana'antar Filastik) ka'idodin gamawa.Duk da yake duka ma'aunai suna nufin samar da madaidaiciyar hanya ta ƙayyadaddun laushin yanayi, suna da fifikon mayar da hankali da wuraren aikace-aikace.
Babban bambance-bambance tsakanin VDI 3400 da SPI ƙa'idodin gamawa:
1. Mayar da hankali
a. VDI 3400: Yana jaddada rashin ƙarfi na saman kuma ana amfani da shi da farko don rubutun ƙira.
b. Ƙarshen SPI: Yana mai da hankali kan santsin ƙasa kuma ana amfani da shi musamman don goge ƙura.
2. Raka'a Ma'auni
a. VDI 3400: Aunawa a cikin Ra (matsakaicin rashin ƙarfi) da Rz (matsakaicin matsakaicin tsayin bayanin martaba), yawanci a cikin micrometers (μm).
b. Ƙarshen SPI: An auna a Ra (matsakaicin rashin ƙarfi), yawanci a cikin microinches (μin).
3. Daidaitaccen Range
a. VDI 3400: Yana rufe maki 45, daga VDI 0 (mafi laushi) zuwa VDI 45 (mafi ƙazafi).
b. Ƙarshen SPI: Yana rufe maki 12, daga A-1 (mafi laushi) zuwa D-3 (mafi ƙazafi).
4. Yaɗuwar ƙasa
a. VDI 3400: Ana amfani da shi sosai a Turai da sauran sassan duniya.
b. Ƙarshen SPI: Ana amfani da shi da farko a Amurka.
Lokacin zabar tsakanin VDI 3400 da ƙa'idodin gama SPI, la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan:
l Matsayin aikin da ka'idojin masana'antu
l Ƙaunar saman da ake buƙata ko santsi
l Mold abu da kuma masana'antu tafiyar matakai
l Daidaitawa tare da wasu ƙayyadaddun aikin
Don sauƙaƙe kwatancen tsakanin VDI 3400 da ƙa'idodin gama SPI, ga tebur ɗin juyawa wanda yayi daidai da maki mafi kusa tsakanin ma'auni biyu:
Babban darajar VDI3400 | SPI Gama Daraja | Ra (μm) | Ra (mini) |
0-5 | A-3 | 0.10 | 4-8 |
6-10 | B-3 | 0.20 | 8-12 |
11-12 | C-1 | 0.35 | 14-16 |
13-15 | C-2 | 0.50 | 20-24 |
16-17 | C-3 | 0.65 | 25-28 |
18-20 | D-1 | 0.90 | 36-40 |
21-29 | D-2 | 1.60 | 64-112 |
30-45 | D-3 | 4.50 | 180-720 |
* Lura: Teburin jujjuyawar yana ba da kusan matches tsakanin ma'auni biyu dangane da ƙimar Ra.Koyaushe koma zuwa takamaiman takaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai da haƙuri.
VDI 3400 vs. Sauran Manyan Rubutu
Ban da SPI ƙare matsayin , akwai wasu manyan ma'auni na rubutu da ake amfani da su a duniya, irin su Mold-Tech da Yick Sang laushi.Wannan sashe zai kwatanta VDI 3400 tare da waɗannan ma'auni na rubutu, yana nuna mahimman bambance-bambancen su da aikace-aikace.
VDI 3400 vs. Mold-Tech Textures
Mold-Tech, wani kamfani na Amurka, yana ba da sabis na rubutu na al'ada da nau'in nau'i mai yawa.Anan akwai mahimman bambance-bambance tsakanin VDI 3400 da Mold-Tech laushi:
1. Nau'in Rubutu
a. VDI 3400: Daidaitaccen ma'auni, mai da hankali kan rashin ƙarfi.
b. Mold-Tech: Faɗin ɗakin karatu na tsarin rubutu na al'ada, gami da ƙirar lissafi, na halitta, da ƙirar ƙira.
2. sassauci
a. VDI 3400: Iyakance zuwa daidaitattun maki 45.
b. Mold-Tech: Ana iya daidaita shi sosai, yana ba da izinin ƙira na musamman da sarƙaƙƙiya.
3. Yankunan aikace-aikace
a. VDI 3400: Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin motoci, sararin samaniya, da masana'antun lantarki na mabukaci.
b. Mold-Tech: Ana amfani da shi da farko a cikin masana'antar kera motoci don abubuwan ciki da na waje.
Teburin juyawa tsakanin VDI 3400 da Mold-Tech laushi:
Babban darajar VDI3400 | Mold-Tech Texture |
18 | Farashin MT11010 |
24 | Farashin MT11020 |
30 | Farashin MT11030 |
36 | Farashin MT11040 |
42 | Farashin MT11050 |
* Lura: Teburin jujjuyawar yana ba da kusan matches dangane da rashin ƙarfi na saman.Koyaushe tuntuɓi Mold-Tech don takamaiman shawarwarin rubutu.
VDI 3400 vs. Yick Sang Textures
Yick Sang, wani kamfani na Hong Kong, yana ba da sabis na rubutu da yawa kuma ya shahara a China da sauran ƙasashen Asiya.Anan ga mahimman bambance-bambancen tsakanin VDI 3400 da laushi na Yick Sang:
1. Nau'in Rubutu
a. VDI 3400: Daidaitaccen ma'auni, mai da hankali kan rashin ƙarfi.
b. Yick Sang: Faɗin ɗakin karatu na tsarin rubutu na al'ada, gami da ƙirar lissafi, na halitta, da ƙirar ƙira.
2. sassauci
a. VDI 3400: Iyakance zuwa daidaitattun maki 45.
b. Yick Sang: Ana iya daidaita shi sosai, yana ba da izinin ƙira na musamman da sarƙaƙƙiya.
3. Yankunan aikace-aikace
a. VDI 3400: Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin motoci, sararin samaniya, da masana'antun lantarki na mabukaci.
b. Yick Sang: Ana amfani da shi da farko a cikin masana'antar lantarki da kayan aikin gida.
Teburin juyawa tsakanin VDI 3400 da Yick Sang laushi:
Babban darajar VDI3400 | Yick Sang Texture |
18 | Farashin 8001 |
24 | Farashin 8002 |
30 | Farashin 8003 |
36 | Farashin 8004 |
42 | Farashin 8005 |
* Lura: Teburin jujjuyawar yana ba da kusan matches dangane da rashin ƙarfi na saman.Koyaushe tuntuɓi Yick Sang don takamaiman shawarwarin rubutu.
Nazarin Harka:
1. Maƙeran masana'antar mota sun zaɓi ƙirar dala-tech akan VDI 3400 don abubuwan haɗin gwiwar motocin su saboda ƙarancin samuwar kayan rubutu da ke tattarawa da asalinsu.
2. Kamfanin na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci ya zaɓi Yick Sang laushi akan VDI 3400 don casings ɗin wayoyin hannu saboda ɗimbin ɗakin karatu na nau'ikan rubutu na musamman da sassauci don haɓaka ƙirar al'ada waɗanda suka bambanta samfuran su a kasuwa.
Nagartattun Dabaru da Sabuntawa
Sabbin Ci gaba a cikin VDI 3400 Rubutun Rubutun
Yayin da fasahohin masana'antu ke ci gaba da haɓakawa, sabbin sabbin abubuwa a cikin dabarun rubutu suna fitowa don haɓaka aikace-aikacen ma'aunin VDI 3400.Wasu sabbin ci gaba sun haɗa da:
1. Laser Texturing
a. Fasahar rubutu ta Laser tana ba da damar ƙirƙirar ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙayyadaddun labulen saman a saman ƙera.
b. Wannan tsari yana ba da babban sassauci a cikin ƙira kuma yana iya samar da sifofi masu rikitarwa waɗanda ke da wuya a cimma tare da hanyoyin gargajiya.
c. Ana iya amfani da rubutun Laser don ƙirƙirar VDI 3400 laushi tare da ingantaccen daidaito da maimaitawa.
2. Rubutun 3D Bugawa
a. Dabarun masana'antu masu ƙari, kamar bugu na 3D, ana bincika don ƙirƙirar abubuwan da aka ƙera.
b. Abubuwan da aka buga na 3D suna ba da ikon samar da hadaddun geometries da ƙirar ƙira, faɗaɗa yuwuwar ƙira don laushin VDI 3400.
c. Wannan fasaha na iya rage lokutan gubar da farashi masu alaƙa da hanyoyin rubutun gargajiya.
Abubuwan da ke faruwa a nan gaba a cikin rubutun ƙira sun haɗa da haɗakar da fasaha masu wayo, kamar IoT (Intanet na Abubuwa) da koyon injin, don saka idanu da haɓaka tsarin rubutun a cikin ainihin lokaci.Waɗannan ci gaban za su ba wa masana'antun damar cimma manyan matakan daidaito, daidaito, da inganci a cikin amfani da laushin VDI 3400.
Nazarin Harka da Aikace-aikacen Duniya na Gaskiya
Masana'antu da yawa sun sami nasarar aiwatar da kayan laushi na VDI 3400 a cikin samfuran su, suna nuna haɓakawa da ingancin wannan ma'auni.Anan akwai nazari guda biyu:
1. Abubuwan Cikin Mota na Cikin Gida
a. Wani masana'anta na kera ya yi amfani da zanen VDI 3400 zuwa gaban dashboard ɗin motar su da fa'idodin ƙofa don haɓaka sha'awar gani da jin daɗin ciki.
b. Ta amfani da VDI 24 da VDI 30 laushi, sun cimma daidaito da inganci mai inganci wanda ya cika buƙatun ƙirar su da tsammanin abokin ciniki.
c. Aiwatar da ma'auni na VDI 3400 ya taimaka wajen daidaita tsarin samar da su da kuma rage buƙatar kammala ayyukan da hannu.
2. Gidajen Na'urar Likita
a. Kamfanin na'urar likitanci ya yi amfani da zane-zane na VDI 3400 don gidajen na'urar su don inganta riko da rage haɗarin zamewa yayin amfani.
b. Sun zaɓi VDI 27 da VDI 33 laushi bisa la'akari da kaddarorin kayansu da kuma yanayin da ake so.
c. Ta hanyar bin ka'idodin VDI 3400, sun tabbatar da daidaiton ingancin rubutu a cikin batches da yawa kuma sun cika ƙaƙƙarfan tsabta da buƙatun aminci na masana'antar likitanci.
Wadannan nazarin binciken suna nuna fa'idodin yin amfani da nau'ikan VDI 3400 a cikin aikace-aikacen ainihin duniya, gami da ingantaccen ingancin samfur, haɓaka ƙwarewar mai amfani, da ingantaccen tsarin masana'antu.
Ci gaba a Fasahar Aunawa
Ci gaban fasaha na baya-bayan nan sun inganta daidaito da inganci na ma'aunin ƙarewar saman, musamman don laushin VDI 3400.Wasu daga cikin waɗannan ci gaban sun haɗa da:
1. Tsarukan Aunawa Mara Tuntuɓi
a. Masu ba da bayanai na gani da fasaha na sikanin 3D suna ba da damar ma'aunin ma'aunin ma'auni na sama, yana rage haɗarin lalacewa ga ƙirar ƙira.
b. Wadannan tsarin suna samar da bayanan 3D masu mahimmanci na saman topology, suna ba da damar ƙarin bincike mai zurfi da kuma halayyar rubutun VDI 3400.
2. Maganin Ma'auni Na atomatik
a. Tsarukan auna filaye mai sarrafa kansa, sanye take da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa da na'urori masu auna firikwensin ci gaba, na iya yin ma'auni mai sauri da daidaito na manyan fastoci.
b. Waɗannan mafita suna rage lokaci da aiki da ake buƙata don ma'aunin hannu kuma suna rage yuwuwar kuskuren ɗan adam.
Haɗin AI da na'ura na koyon injin a cikin tsarin ma'auni na saman yana ba da dama mai ban sha'awa na gaba.Waɗannan fasahohin na iya:
l Gane kai tsaye da rarraba makin rubutu na VDI 3400 dangane da bayanan da aka auna
l Gane kuma tuta anomalies ko lahani a cikin naúrar saman
l Bayar da hangen nesa game da aikin mold da bukatun kiyayewa
Ta hanyar yin amfani da waɗannan fasahohin ma'aunin ci-gaba da ƙididdigar AI-kore, masana'antun na iya haɓaka daidaito, inganci, da amincin ma'aunin ma'auni don VDI 3400 laushi.
Kammalawa
Ma'auni na gamawa na VDI 3400 ya canza masana'antar masana'anta, yana ba da ingantacciyar hanya mai dogaro don cimma daidaito, kayan laushi masu inganci.A cikin wannan jagorar, mun zurfafa cikin fa'idodi da aikace-aikace na VDI 3400 masu yawa, suna nuna iyawar sa a sassa daban-daban kamar motoci, sararin samaniya, na'urorin lantarki, da na'urorin likitanci.
Yayin da muke duban gaba, a bayyane yake cewa VDI 3400 za ta ci gaba da taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rubutun saman, haɓakawa tare da dabarun masana'anta.Tare da zuwan sabbin hanyoyin rubutun rubutu da tsarin ma'auni na ci-gaba, yuwuwar ƙirƙirar na musamman da gama aikin saman ba su da iyaka.
Haka kuma, haɗe-haɗe na ƙididdigar AI-kore da mafita ta atomatik yana riƙe da babban yuwuwar haɓaka tsarin daidaita yanayin saman.Ta hanyar amfani da ƙarfin waɗannan fasahohin, masana'antun za su iya cimma matakan da ba a taɓa ganin irinsu ba na daidaito, inganci, da sarrafa inganci.
