obuwuzi mu yinginiya .

Oluwuzi, olumanyiddwa ennyo nga wuzi ya sikulaapu, kye kizimbe kya helical ekizinga ku ngulu kwa ssiringi oba enkokola. Kisobozesa entambula y’okuzimbulukuka okukyusibwa okufuuka entambula ya layini. Threads zeetaagisa nnyo mu yinginiya okugatta ebitundu, okutondawo entambula, n’amaanyi agatambuza.

Ebyafaayo n'obukulu bwa threads mu engineering .

Emiguwa gibadde gikulu nnyo mu by’okukanika okumala ebyasa bingi. Endowooza y’oluwuzi yava mu biseera eby’edda bwe yakozesebwa okusiba n’okusitula omusingi. Nga amakolero agakola amakolero gakulaakulana, ebika by’obuwuzi ebituufu byaleetebwa okukakasa okukwatagana n’okuwanyisiganya. Leero, obuwuzi bukulu nnyo mu kumpi buli kitongole kya yinginiya, okuva ku by’ennyonyi okutuuka ku by’emmotoka. Zikakasa okuyungibwa okw’amaanyi, okuggyibwamu era zisobozesa okufuga okutambula okutuufu.

Ebika by'okukozesa obuwuzi .

Threads zikola ebigendererwa eby’enjawulo okusinziira ku byetaago bya yinginiya. Enkola ezisinga okukozesebwa mu thread mulimu:

• Okusiba obuwuzi : Zino zikozesebwa okukwata ebitundu bibiri oba okusingawo awamu obulungi. Bolts ne nuts bye by’okulabirako bya classic eby’okusiba obuwuzi. Zitera okusangibwa mu byuma, mmotoka, ne pulojekiti z’okuzimba olw’amaanyi n’obwangu bw’okuzikuŋŋaanya.

• Emiguwa gy’okutambula : Emiguwa gino gikyusa entambula y’okuzimbulukuka mu ntambula ya layini. Screws ezikulembera mu byuma ne jackscrews mu byuma ebizito byakulabirako birungi. Enteekateeka yaabwe entuufu ebasobozesa okuvvuunula okukyusakyusa mu ntambula ennungi, efugirwa, ekizifuula enkulu eri enkola z’ebyuma ezeetaaga obutuufu.

• Transport Threads : Etera okusangibwa mu nkola za conveyor ne screw conveyors, obuwuzi buno buyamba okutambuza ebintu oba amazzi. Spiral yazo egenda mu maaso esobozesa ebintu okutambula mu kkubo eririna amaanyi agafugibwa, ekizifuula ez’omugaso mu makolero ng’ebyobulimi n’amakolero.

Geometry ne dizayini y'obuwuzi .

Thread geometry ekola kinene nnyo mu kuzuula omulimu gwayo n'okusaanira okukozesebwa okw'enjawulo. Buli kigerageranyo kikwata ku ngeri emitwe gye gikwataganamu, amaanyi agakyusa, n’okukuuma obulungi bw’enzimba. Ka twekenneenye ebipimo bya geometric ebikulu n’ebikozesebwa ebikozesebwa okupima obuwuzi.

Geometric parameters za thread .

Ebipimo bya geometry bino wammanga bitegeeza enkula n’enneeyisa y’oluwuzi:

• Major diameter : diameter esinga obunene eya thread, epimibwa okubuna waggulu w’obuwuzi obw’ebweru oba wansi w’obuwuzi obw’omunda. Kisalawo obunene n’amaanyi gonna ag’ekitundu ekirimu obuwuzi.

• minor diameter : diameter esinga obutono, epimibwa okubuna emirandira gy’obuwuzi obw’ebweru oba waggulu w’oluwuzi olw’omunda. Kitegeeza obuwanvu bw’ekintu ekiri ku musingi gwa sikulaapu oba ekisumuluzo.

• Pitch diameter (effective diameter) : diameter ya cylinder ey’okulowooza ng’eyita mu thread’s flanks. Kikulu nnyo okukakasa nti kituukirawo n’okukwatagana wakati w’obuwuzi obugatta, ekikosa engeri gye binywezebwamu.

• Pitch : Ebanga lya axial wakati w'ensonga ezikwatagana ku wuzi eziriraanye. Ekisaawe ekinene kisobozesa okutambula okw’amangu ennyo buli kuzimbulukuka, ate eddoboozi ettono liwa okufuga okulungi n’enkizo ey’ebyuma esingako.

• Lead : Ebanga thread egenda mu maaso mu full turn. Ku threads ezitandika omulundi gumu, lead yenkana ekisaawe, naye ku threads ezitandika multi-start, lead eba multiple of the pitch.

• Thread etandika : kitegeeza omuwendo gw'obuwuzi ssekinnoomu ku sikulaapu. Thread ya single-start erina helical groove emu egenda mu maaso, ate nga multi-start threads ziwa linear motion eyangu buli rotation.

• Helix angle : Enkoona ekolebwa wakati wa helix y’obuwuzi ne layini eyeesimbye ku kisenge ky’obuwuzi. Enkoona ya helix enkulu ekendeeza ku kusikagana naye esobola okukendeeza ku maanyi g’okukwata.

• Enkoona y’obuwuzi : Enkoona ekolebwa wakati w’ennyiriri eziriraanye ez’obuwuzi. Kino kikosa engeri empalirizo gy’egabanyizibwamu era n’ekwata ku bulungibwansi bwa thread mu kukyusa emigugu.

• Tooth Angle : Enkula n'enkoona y'amannyo g'obuwuzi ssekinnoomu, agakyukakyuka okusinziira ku dizayini y'obuwuzi n'ekigendererwa. Enkoona z’amannyo ziyinza okuba ez’ekika kya trapezoidal, square oba triangular, nga zikwata ku maanyi g’obuwuzi n’enkola y’okusikagana.

Ebikozesebwa mu kupima obuwuzi .

Okupima obuwuzi obutuufu kyetaagisa okukakasa okukwatagana wakati w’ebitundu by’okugatta. Ebikozesebwa bibiri ebikulu ebikozesebwa mu nsonga eno bye bino:

• Caliper : Ekintu ekikola ebintu bingi okupima obuwuzi obukulu n’obutono obw’obuwuzi bwombi obw’ekisajja (obw’ebweru) n’obw’omukazi (obw’omunda). Obutuufu bwayo busobozesa bayinginiya okupima obunene bw’obuwuzi mu bwangu era mu butuufu.

• Pitch Gauge : Ekintu eky'enjawulo ekikoleddwa okupima ebanga wakati w'ebikondo by'obuwuzi. Kikulu nnyo mu kuzuula eddoboozi ly’obuwuzi era kikozesebwa ku bika byombi eby’obuwuzi bwa metric ne Imperial.

Okuzuula obuwuzi .

Okuzuula obuwuzi obutuufu kikulu nnyo mu kulonda ebitundu ebituufu n’okukwatagana kw’enkola. Goberera emitendera gino okuzuula emiguwa:

Emitendera Okuzuula Threads .

1. Ensajja n’obuwuzi obukazi .

• Emiguwa ensajja: ebikoola eby’ebweru ku buuma, sikulaapu oba payipu.

• Emiguwa egy’ekikazi: emiwaatwa egy’omunda mu ntangawuuzi, ebituli, oba ku bintu ebikozesebwa.

• Okukebera okulaba kumala; Ekikula ky’omuntu tekikosa nkola wabula kisalawo ebitundu by’okugatta.

2. Tapered vs. obuwuzi obukwatagana .

• Emiguwa egy’enjawulo gikuuma dayamita etakyukakyuka okuyita mu buwanvu.

• Tapered threads zikendeera mu diameter okutuuka ku nkomerero.

• Kozesa calipers okukakasa: parallel threads contact full length, tapered threads rock.

3. Okupima obuwuzi eddoboozi .

• Kozesa ekipima pitch okuzuula ebanga wakati w’ebikondo by’obuwuzi.

• Ku wuzi za Imperial, bala obuwuzi buli yinsi (TPI).

• Ku wuzi za metric, pima ebanga wakati w’ebikondo mu milimita.

4. Okupima obunene bw’obuwuzi .

Okupima obunene bw'obuwuzi kisinziira ku kika ky'obuwuzi:

ekika ky'obuwuzi .	Enkola y'okupima
obuwuzi bwa payipu .	Geraageranya ku linnya ly'obunene bw'erinnya .
Obuwuzi obutali bwa payipu .	Pima dayamita ey’ebweru ne kalifuuwa .

5. Okulaga Ekika ky’Obuwuzi Omutindo .

Geraageranya ebipimo n’emmeeza ezituukiridde:

• NPT/NPTF ku wuzi za payipu za Amerika eziwanvuye .

• BSP ku wuzi za payipu ez'omutindo gwa Bungereza .

• Metric ku threads ez'omutindo gw'ensi yonna .

• UN/UNF ku threads z'eggwanga ezigatta .

Emitendera n'ebikwata ku thread .

Mu yinginiya, omutindo gwa thread n’ebikwata ku thread bikakasa okukwatagana, okuwanyisiganya, n’obutuufu mu nkola n’amakolero ag’enjawulo. Buli mutindo gutegeeza geometry ya thread, pitch, ne tolerance. Wano, tujja kwogera ku mutindo ogusinga okukozesebwa, omuli ISO metric threads, unified threads, British Standard threads, n’omutindo gw’obuwuzi bw’Amerika ogwa payipu.

Emiguwa gya ISO Metric (M) .

ISO metric thread ye thread standard esinga okumanyibwa mu nsi yonna. Ekozesa ebipimo bya metric ku byombi diameter ne pitch, okwanguyiza omutindo mu bitundu byonna.

• Thread Profile and Dimensions : Threads za ISO metric zirina 60-degree V-shaped profile, etegeezebwa diameter ey’erinnya n’eddoboozi. Ebipimo byombi bipimibwa mu milimita.

• Coarse and Fine Pitch Series : Omuddirirwa gw’eddoboozi omunene (okugeza, M10 × 1.5) gukozesebwa mu nkola ez’ebigendererwa eby’enjawulo, nga guwa okukola okwangu. Fine pitch series (okugeza, M10 × 1.0) zikozesebwa nga zinyweza okutuuka n’okunyweza.

• Tolerance Classes and Fits : Threads za ISO metric zigabanyizibwamu ebika by’okugumiikiriza, nga 6G ne 6H, okusalawo ku ddiguli y’okufuluma oba okutaataaganyizibwa. Coarser tolerances zikuwa looser fits, ate okugumiikiriza okulungi kuwa tighter fits.

Omutindo gw'obuwuzi obugatta (UNC/UNF) .

Omutindo gwa Unified Thread Standard (UTS) gukozesebwa nnyo mu Amerika, Canada, n’ebitundu bya Bungereza gukola ebipimo mu yinsi era gufaananako n’obuwuzi bwa ISO metric mu kukozesa kwayo coarse ne fine pitch series.

• Thread Profile and Dimensions : Owuzi wa UTS alina V-profile ya diguli 60, nga epimiddwa mu yinsi. Mulimu obuwuzi bwombi obw’ekika kya coarse (UNC) ne fine (UNF).

• Coarse and Fine Pitch Series : UNC threads, nga 1⁄4'-20 UNC, zikozesebwa mu kusiba okwawamu, ate UNF threads, nga 1⁄4'-28 UNF, ze zisinga okwettanirwa precision n'amaanyi mu makolero ag'enjawulo.

• Ebika by’okugumiikiriza n’okutuukagana : UTS ekola kiraasi ez’enjawulo ez’okugumiikiriza, nga zirina ebika ebitera okukozesebwa omuli Class 1 (Loose Fit), Class 2 (standard), ne Class 3 (tight fit).

Emiguwa egy’omutindo egy’Abangereza .

Threads za Bungereza nkola ya legacy, nga ekyakozesebwa ennyo mu mawanga ga Bungereza ne Commonwealth. Emiguwa gino mulimu Whitworth, Fine, ne Payipu.

• Whitworth Threads (BSW) : Omutindo gwa Whitworth (BSW) ogw’e Bungereza gulina enkoona y’obuwuzi bwa diguli 55. Ekozesebwa ku bisiba eby’ebigendererwa eby’enjawulo naddala mu byuma ebikadde.

• British Standard Fine Threads (BSF) : Okufaananako ne BSW naye nga zirina eddoboozi erisingako obulungi, BSF threads ziwa okuyungibwa okw’amaanyi mu nkola ezirina okukankana, nga ebitundu by’emmotoka n’eby’omu bbanga.

• British Standard Pipe Threads (BSP) : Emiguwa gya BSP gikozesebwa nnyo ku bikozesebwa mu payipu. BSPP (parallel) threads zeetaaga seal ey’ebweru, ate BSPT (Tapered) threads self-seal okuyita mu kwegomba.

Omutindo gw'obuwuzi bwa payipu y'Amerika .

Omutindo gw’eggwanga ogw’eggwanga ogw’obuwuzi bwa payipu gulimu ebika byombi ebya NPT ne NPTF, ebikoleddwa okusiba okusiba.

• Enjawulo za NPT ne NPTF : Obuwuzi bwa NPT (National Pipe Tapered) bukola ekiziyiza okuyita mu kwegomba era emirundi mingi byetaaga ebikozesebwa ebirala eby’okusiba. NPTF (National Pipe Tapered Fuel) Threads zikoleddwa okusiba nga tezirina bintu birala nga zikola okukwatagana okw’ekyuma n’ekyuma.

Obunene n’enjawulo mu mutindo gw’obuwuzi ogw’enjawulo .

Emitendera egy’enjawulo egy’obuwuzi tegikwatagana bulijjo, kuba gikyukakyuka mu ddoboozi, enkoona y’obuwuzi, n’okutuukagana. ISO metric threads zigoberera enkola ya universal nga tukozesa metric units, ate obuwuzi obumu n’obuwuzi bwa Bungereza bukozesa ebipimo by’obwakabaka. Emitendera gy’obuwuzi bwa payipu nga NPT ne BSP nagyo gyawukana mu nkola yaago ey’okusiba n’okukwatagana, ne kyongera okukaluubiriza okukwatagana.

Omutindo omulala ogw’ensi yonna n’ogw’omu kitundu .

Amawanga agawerako gakuuma omutindo gwago ogw’obuwuzi bw’amakolero g’eggwanga. Mu bino mulimu:

• JIS (JIS (Japanese industrial Standards) : Emiguwa gya JIS egya Japan gigoberera enkola efaananako bwetyo ku mutindo gwa ISO metric naye ziyinza okwawukana katono mu ddoboozi n’okukozesa.

• DIN (German Institute for Standardization) : Omutindo gwa Germany ogwa DIN gukwatagana nnyo n’omutindo gwa ISO, nga guwa ebikwata ku thread mu makolero gonna okuva ku mmotoka okutuuka ku by’amakolero.

• GOST (Russian State Standard) : Omutindo gwa Russia ogwa Gost gulimu emiguwa gyombi egya metric ne inch, nga gikozesebwa nnyo mu by’okukola yinginiya n’okukola ebintu mu ggwanga.

Mu bufunze Omulongooti gw’omutindo gw’obuwuzi obukulu

Omutindo gw’ekitundu	Obuwuzi	enkoona y’okupima	obupima	Enkola eza bulijjo .
ISO metric (M) .	Ensi yonna	60° .	Metric .	Ebisiba eby’awamu, Ebyuma .
Unified (UNC/UNF) .	Amerika, Canada .	60° .	yinsi .	Ebisiba, Ebyuma Ebituufu
Whitworth (BSW/BSF) .	UK .	55° .	yinsi .	Ebyuma Ebikadde, Automotive .
Payipu ya Bungereza (BSP) .	UK, Global .	55° .	yinsi .	Ebintu ebikozesebwa mu kukola payipu, Plumbing .
NPT/NPTF .	FFE	60° .	yinsi .	Ebintu ebikozesebwa mu kukola payipu, enkola z’amafuta .
JIS .	Japan .	60° .	Metric .	Ebyuma, Automotive .
din .	Germany .	60° .	Metric .	Ebyuma by'emmotoka, eby'amakolero .
Gost .	Russia .	60°/55° .	Metric/inches .	Amakolero ag'enjawulo, ag'eggwanga .

Ebika by'obuwuzi .

Threads zijja mu ngeri ez’enjawulo, nga buli emu ekoleddwa okukozesebwa mu by’obuyinginiya ebitongole. Okutegeera ebika by’emiguwa eby’enjawulo kyetaagisa nnyo okulonda ekituufu ku pulojekiti yo. Ka twekenneenye ebika bya thread ebya bulijjo nga tusinziira ku ndagiriro, profile, ne standard.

obuwuzi obw’omukono ogwa ddyo n’obwa kkono .

Threads zisobola okugabanyizibwamu okusinziira ku ludda lwe zikyuka okukwatagana.

• Emiguwa egy’omukono ogwa ddyo (RH) : Zino ze kika ky’obuwuzi obusinga okumanyibwa. Zinywezebwa nga zikyusiddwa mu ssaawa. Kumpi ebisiba byonna eby’ekigendererwa ekya bulijjo, gamba nga sikulaapu ne boluti, bikozesa obuwuzi bwa RH okusobola okwanguyirwa okukozesa.

• Emiguwa egya kkono (LH) : Emiguwa gino ginywezebwa nga gikyusiddwa mu ngeri etali ya ssaawa. Obuwuzi bwa LH bukozesebwa mu mbeera nga okukyusakyusa mu ssaawa kuyinza okuleeta ekitundu okusumululwa, gamba nga mu nkuŋŋaana ezimu ez’ebyuma nga obugaali oba ebitundu by’emmotoka ebitongole.

Ebifaananyi by'obuwuzi .

Ebifaananyi by’obuwuzi binnyonnyola enkula y’obuwuzi era bikwata ku maanyi gaabyo, obulungi, n’enkola yaago.

• V-shaped threads : Zino ze thread profile esinga okukozesebwa. Enkula yaabwe ey’enjuyi essatu egaba amaanyi ag’okukwata obulungi ennyo era etera okusangibwa mu buuma ne sikulaapu okusiba.

• Square Threads : Square threads zikola bulungi mu kutambuza amaanyi, nga tezirina nnyo kusikagana. Zitera okukozesebwa mu jackscrews, lead screws, n’ebyuma ebirala ebikola emirimu egy’amaanyi.

• Acme Threads : Enkola ekyusiddwa eya square threads, ACME threads ziwa amaanyi amangi era nga nnyangu okukola. Zikozesebwa mu nkola ezeetaaga emigugu eminene, gamba ng’ebikozesebwa mu byuma ne vvaalu.

• Trapezoidal threads : Okufaananako n’obuwuzi bwa ACME naye nga zirina trapezoidal profile, obuwuzi buno butera okukozesebwa mu byuma by’Abazungu. Ziwa amaanyi n’okuwangaala mu kutambuza amasannyalaze.

• Knuckle Threads : Ebimanyiddwa olw’ebikondo byabwe ebyetooloovu n’ebikoola, obuwuzi bw’enkokola bukoleddwa okusobola okugumira enkozesa enkambwe era nga birungi nnyo mu mbeera awali ebisasiro oba okwonooneka, gamba nga mu bikopo by’eggaali y’omukka oba enkoofiira z’eccupa.

• Buttress Threads : Emiguwa gino gikoleddwa okugumira amaanyi ag’ekyekulungirivu aga waggulu mu ludda olumu, olutera okukozesebwa mu nkola z’okusiba n’okunyiga amaanyi. Profile kwe kugatta amaanyi ga square threads n’obulungi bwa V-threads.

• Worm Threads : Obuwuzi bw’ensowera bukozesebwa mu nkola za ggiya za worm, nga busobozesa okutambuza amaanyi mu nkoona entuufu. Zibeera deep okusinga ACME threads era ziyamba mu applications awali okutambuza torque okw’amaanyi okwetaagisa.

Emiguwa egy’enjawulo n’egikwatagana .

Threads era zisobola okugabanyizibwamu okusinziira ku ngeri diameter yazo gy’ekyuka okuyita mu buwanvu.

• Taper Threads : Threads zino zikendeera mpolampola mu diameter nga zoolekera enkomerero, ne zikola wedge ekola seal. Emiguwa egya ttaapu gitera okubeera mu bikozesebwa mu payipu era nga geesiba ku puleesa entono. Eby’okulabirako mulimu NPT (obuwuzi bwa payipu y’eggwanga) ne BSPT (British Standard Pipe Tapered).

• Parallel threads : Obuwuzi obukwatagana bukuuma dayamita etakyukakyuka wonna. Zeetaaga enkola endala ez’okusiba, gamba nga O-rings oba thread tape, okusobola okuyunga amazzi. Ebika ebya bulijjo mulimu BSPP (British Standard Pipe Parallel) ne NPTF (amafuta ga payipu aga payipu ag’eggwanga).

Ebika by'obuwuzi obw'enjawulo .

Emitendera egiwerako giwa emiguwa egy’enjawulo egy’okukozesa mu makolero ag’enjawulo, ng’ebyokulabirako ebimanyiddwa bye bino:

• Unified National Threads (UNC, UNF, UNS) : Etera okukozesebwa mu Amerika ne Canada, obuwuzi obugatta bupimibwa mu yinsi. UNC threads (coarse) zikozesebwa okusiba ebigendererwa ebya bulijjo, ate UNF threads (fine) ze zisinga okwettanirwa mu nkola ez’amaanyi amangi. UNS threads ze threads ezitali za mutindo ezituukira ddala ku byetaago ebitongole.

• British Standard Threads (BSW, BSF, BSP) : Emiguwa gya Whitworth (BSW) egy’omu Bungereza (BSW) gikozesebwa okusinga mu byuma ebikadde. Emiguwa gya British Standard Fine (BSF) giwa enkolagana ey’amaanyi, ennungi era nga zikozesebwa mu mbeera ezitera okukankana. Emiguwa gya Bungereza egya payipu (BSP) gyetaagisa nnyo mu bikozesebwa mu kukola payipu mu nkola za payipu ne ggaasi, omuli enkola zombi eza parallel (BSPP) ne tapered (BSPT).

Mu bufunze Table of Thread Ebika by'obuwuzi

Ebika by'enkola ya	Profile	.
Emiguwa egy’omukono ogwa ddyo (RH) .	Mu ssaawa .	Ebisiba eby’omugaso mu bulambalamba .
Emiguwa egya kkono (LH) .	Mu ngeri etali ya ssaawa .	Ebitundu ebitera okusumululwa wansi w'okuzimbulukuka .
obuwuzi obufaanana nga V .	Enjuyi essatu .	Okusiba, Ebyuma Ebikulu
Emiguwa egya square .	Kyebiriga	Amasannyalaze agatambuza amasannyalaze, jacks, ebyuma ebizito
ACME threads .	trapezoidal .	Emigugu emizito, Ebikozesebwa mu byuma .
Emiguwa egy’ekika kya trapezoidal .	trapezoidal .	Amasannyalaze agatambuza amasannyalaze, Ebyuma bya Bulaaya .
Emiguwa gy'enkokola .	Enzirugavu .	Ebiyungo by'eggaali y'omukka, Enkoofiira z'amacupa .
obuwuzi bwa buttress .	asymmetrical .	Ebyuma ebinyweza, Power Presses .
obuwuzi bw’ensowera .	Helical .	Ggiya z’ensowera, okutambuza amaanyi ku ddyo .
obuwuzi bwa taper .	Wedge-Okusiba .	Ebintu ebikozesebwa mu kukola payipu (NPT, BSPT) .
obuwuzi obukwatagana .	Obuwanvu obutakyukakyuka .	Ebintu ebikozesebwa mu payipu ebyetaagisa okusiba ebweru .
Emiguwa gy'eggwanga egy'obumu .	INCH-Based .	Ebisiba, Ebyuma Ebituufu
Emiguwa egy’omutindo egy’Abangereza .	INCH-Based .	Ebintu ebikozesebwa mu kukola payipu, ebyuma ebikadde .

Enkola z'okukola obuwuzi .

Okukola emiguwa kuzingiramu obukodyo obw’enjawulo, nga buli kamu kawa ebirungi eby’enjawulo ku nkola n’ebikozesebwa ebitongole. Laba wano enkola y'okukola obuwuzi obukulu:

okusala obuwuzi (taps ne dies) .

Okusala obuwuzi kusigala nga nkola ekozesebwa nnyo mu kutondawo obuwuzi obw’omunda n’obw’ebweru:

• Taapu : Ekozesebwa ku wuzi ez'omunda mu binnya ebisooka okusibibwa .

• Dies : Ekozesebwa ku wuzi ez'ebweru ku miggo oba obuuma .

Ebirungi:

• Esaanira okukola obutonotono .

• Ekwata ku bintu bingi .

• Omuwendo gw’ebikozesebwa mu kukola ebikozesebwa mu kusooka nga bitono ddala .

Ebikoma:

• empola okusinga enkola endala .

• Ayinza okufulumya omutindo gw’obuwuzi obutakyukakyuka mu kukola obuzito obw’amaanyi .

Thread Okuyiringisibwa .

Okuyiringisibwa kw’obuwuzi kukola obuwuzi okuyita mu kukyukakyuka kw’obuveera bw’ekintu ekikolebwako:

• Cold rolling: ekolebwa ku bbugumu erya bulijjo

• Okuyiringisibwa okw’ebbugumu: ebintu ebibuguma wansi w’ebbugumu ly’okuzza obuggya embeera y’okuddaabiriza .

Emigaso:

• Emiwendo gy’okufulumya .

• Amaanyi g’obuwuzi obulongooseddwa olw’okukola okukaluba .

• Okumaliriza ku ngulu okulungi ennyo n’obutuufu bw’ebipimo .

Ebizibu:

• Ekoma ku bintu ebikozesebwa mu kukola ductile .

• Ebisale by’ebikozesebwa ebisookerwako ebingi .

Okusenya obuwuzi .

Okusenya obuwuzi kukozesa nnamuziga ezisiiga okufulumya obuwuzi obulaga obulungi:

• Obukodyo bwa pass emu oba obuyita multi-pass obuliwo .

• Kirungi nnyo ku bintu ebikaluba oba obuwuzi bwa dayamita ennene .

Ebikulu Ebirimu:

• Obutuufu obw’enjawulo n’okumaliriza kungulu .

• Esaanira okuwuzi oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosa ebbugumu .

• Asobola okufulumya ebifaananyi by’obuwuzi ebizibu .

Ebirina okulowoozebwako:

• Omuwendo gw’okufulumya empola bw’ogeraageranya ne Rolling .

• Omuwendo omunene buli kitundu .

Okusiba obuwuzi .

thread milling ekozesa ebikozesebwa ebikyukakyuka eby'okusala okukola threads:

• Enkola efugibwa CNC okusobola okukyukakyuka okw’amaanyi .

• Esaanira obuwuzi obw’omunda n’obw’ebweru .

Ebirungi:

• Asobola okufulumya obuwuzi obuwanvu .

• Puleesa y’ebikozesebwa entono, esinga obulungi ku bitundu ebirina ebisenge ebigonvu .

• Asobola okukola obuwuzi bwombi obw’omukono ogwa ddyo n’obwa kkono nga bulina ekintu kye kimu .

Ebikoma:

• Yeetaaga ebyuma eby'enjawulo ne pulogulaamu .

• Okutwalira awamu empola okusinga okuyiringisibwa okusobola okukola omusaayi omungi .

Okukuba ebitabo mu ngeri ya 3D n'okukola ebirungo ebiyamba .

Tekinologiya agenda okuvaayo awa ebipya ebisoboka okukola obuwuzi:

• Okukuba obutereevu ebitundu ebirina obuwuzi .

• oluvannyuma lw’okukola . 3D printing parts okugattako threads .

Emigaso egisobola okubaawo:

• geometry ezizibu ezisoboka .

• Okusaasaanya ebintu ebikendeezeddwa .

• Obusobozi obw’amangu obw’okukola ebikozesebwa (prototyping) .

Okusoomoozebwa:

• Ebintu Ebikoma Ebiyinza Okulonda .

• amaanyi amatono bw’ogeraageranya n’enkola z’ekinnansi .

• Okumaliriza kungulu kuyinza okwetaaga oluvannyuma lw’okukola .

Ensonga ezikosa omulimu gw'obuwuzi .

Omulimu gw’obuwuzi gukwatibwako ensonga ez’enjawulo ezisalawo amaanyi gaayo, okuwangaala, n’okwesigamizibwa mu nkola za yinginiya. Okuva ku kulonda ebintu okutuuka ku kulowooza ku butonde bw’ensi, okutegeera ensonga zino kikulu nnyo okulaba ng’obuwuzi bukola bulungi. Wansi waliwo ebikulu ebikwata ku nkola y’obuwuzi.

Okulonda ebintu .

Omulimu gwa thread gusinziira nnyo ku bintu ebikozesebwa:

• Amaanyi: Asalawo obusobozi bw’okusitula omugugu .

• Ductility: Ekosa okutondebwa kw’obuwuzi n’okuziyiza okuggyamu .

• Okuziyiza okukulukuta: Kikulu nnyo eri obulamu obuwanvu mu mbeera enzibu .

Enzijanjaba z’okungulu n’ebizigo .

Enzijanjaba y’okungulu erongoosa obuwangaazi n’enkola y’obuwuzi nga zikendeeza ku kwambala, okukulukuta, n’okuwuuma. Enzijanjaba eza bulijjo mulimu:

• Zinc plating : Ekuuma obuwuzi obutakulukuta n'okutumbula obulamu bwabwo.

• Black Oxide Coating : Awa obuziyiza obutono obuziyiza okukulukuta n'okutumbula aesthetics.

• Phosphating : Erongoosa okusigala kw’okusiiga, ekigifuula ey’omugaso mu kukozesa ennyo.

• Anodizing : Etera okukozesebwa ku wuzi za aluminiyamu, eyongera okuziyiza okukulukuta n’okuyamba okwambala.

Enzijanjaba zino ziyamba threads okukola mu ngeri eyesigika mu mbeera enzibu oba okukozesebwa okw’okwambala ennyo.

Okusiiga n’okusika .

Okusiiga obulungi kukendeeza ku kusikagana mu kiseera ky’okukuŋŋaanyizibwa n’okuziyiza okugayaala oba okukwata naddala mu kukozesa omugugu omungi. Okusiiga okusiiga:

• Akendeeza ku kwambala : Ayamba okukendeeza ku kwonooneka okuva mu kunywezebwa n’okusumulula enfunda eziwera.

• Alongoosa torque control : ekakasa n'okugabanya omugugu mu threads, okuziyiza over-tightening.

Ebizigo ebisiiga obuwuzi bisobola okuli amafuta, giriisi, oba ebirungo ebiziyiza okusimbibwa okusinziira ku byetaago ebitongole eby’okukozesa.

Ensonga z’obutonde bw’ensi .

Emiguwa gitera okubeera mu mbeera ez’obutonde ez’enjawulo, ezikosa omulimu gwazo mu bbanga. Ebikulu ebituufu mulimu:

• Ebbugumu : Ebbugumu erya waggulu liyinza okuleeta okugaziwa kw’ebintu n’amaanyi g’obuwuzi bw’okukuba. Ebbugumu eri wansi liyinza okufuula ebintu ebimu okubeera eby’amaanyi.

• Okukulukuta : Obuwuzi obukwatibwa obunnyogovu, eddagala oba omunnyo busobola okuvunda, okunafuya ensengekera yabwo okumala ekiseera.

• Okukankana : Okukankana okutambula obutasalako kuyinza okusumulula ebiyungo ebiriko obuwuzi, ekivaako okulemererwa. Enkola z’okusiba nga thread lockers oba lock lockers zisobola okuyamba okukendeeza ku kino.

Okukola ku kusoomoozebwa kuno okw’obutonde kyetaagisa okukuuma obulungi bw’enkolagana eziriko obuwuzi.

Enkola z’okukuŋŋaanya n’okunyweza .

Enkola ekozesebwa okukuŋŋaanya n’okunyweza obuwuzi ekosa nnyo omulimu gwazo. Enkola enkulu mulimu:

• Torque Control : Okukozesa torque entuufu kikakasa nti threads tezisukkiridde wadde okunywezebwa, okukuuma obulungi bwazo.

• Preload tension : prepor preload ekendeeza ku bulabe bw’okusumulula wansi w’emigugu egy’amaanyi era ekakasa okugabanya emigugu mu profile ya thread.

• Ebikozesebwa mu kusiba : Ebikozesebwa nga torque wrenches biwa precision tightening, ekikendeeza ku mikisa gy’okulemererwa kw’obuwuzi.

Okukozesa obukodyo obutuufu obw’okukuŋŋaanya kyongera ku buwangaazi n’amaanyi g’ebiyungo ebiriko obuwuzi.

Ebika by'emigugu n'engeri gye bikosaamu amaanyi g'obuwuzi .

Threads zikolebwako ebika by’emigugu eby’enjawulo, era buli kika kikosa omulimu gw’obuwuzi mu ngeri ey’enjawulo:

• Static loads : zisiigibwa buli lukya okumala ekiseera, okutwalira awamu tezireeta thread okugwa okuggyako nga omugugu gusukka amaanyi g’ekivaamu.

• Dynamic Loads : Yawukana mu biseera era esobola okuleeta obuwuzi okusumulula oba okukoowa singa tebukolebwa bulungi.

• Fatigue Loads : Enzirukanya y’okutikka n’okutikkula enfunda eziwera zinafuya obuwuzi mu bbanga, ekivaako okulemererwa. Ebintu ebirina obuziyiza obw’obukoowu obw’amaanyi bye bisinga okwettanirwa mu nkola ng’ezo.

Okutegeera embeera z’omugugu kukakasa nti ekika ky’obuwuzi ekituufu n’ebintu birondeddwa okukozesebwa mu nkola egenderere.

Okusiba ebyetaago by’omulimu .

Mu nkola nnyingi, obuwuzi bwetaagisa okuwa ekizibiti naddala mu nkola z’amazzi oba ggaasi. Tapered threads nga NPT ne BSPT ziwa self-sealing properties nga zikola tight fit nga zinywezeddwa. Ku wuzi ezitasiba ku zazo (okugeza, obuwuzi obukwatagana nga BSPP), ebisiba ebirala nga O-rings oba thread tape byetaagibwa okuziyiza okukulukuta.

Ekika ky'Ekika ky'Obuwuzi Okukozesa	Obusobozi .	Okukozesa
Emiguwa gya NPT .	Okwesiba .	Ebintu ebikozesebwa mu kukola payipu, enkola z’amazzi .
BSPT Ebiwuziwuzi .	Okwesiba .	Okukozesa ggaasi n’amazzi .
Ebiwuzi bya BSPP .	Yeetaaga okusiba okw’enjawulo (O-ring oba tape) .	Enkola za Plumbing, ezirina puleesa entono .

Okukola ku byetaago by’okusiba kikulu nnyo mu kulaba ng’okuyungibwa okukwata amazzi mu nkola za yinginiya.

Okukozesa Threads mu Engineering .

Threads zikola kinene mu nkola za yinginiya ez’enjawulo, nga ziwa emirimu egy’omugaso mu makolero agawera. Obumanyirivu bwazo n’obulungi bwazo bizifuula ebitundu ebiteetaagisa mu yinginiya ow’omulembe.

Ebisiba .

Ebisiba ebiriko obuwuzi bikola omugongo gw’enkuŋŋaana z’ebyuma:

• Bolts: Ebiyungo eby’amaanyi amangi mu nkola z’ebizimbe .

• Sikulaapu: Okusiba mu ngeri nnyingi ku bintu eby’enjawulo .

• Entangawuuzi: Waayo amaanyi aganyweza aganywevu, agatereezebwa .

Ebitundu bino bisobozesa okukuŋŋaanya, okumenya, n’okulabirira enkola ezikoleddwa mu ngeri ennyangu.

Okutambuza amasannyalaze .

Emiguwa gisinga mu kukyusa entambula ya rotary okudda mu ntambula ya linear:

• Ebikulukuto ebikulembera: okuteeka mu kifo ekituufu mu byuma ebikozesebwa n’okukuba ebitabo mu ngeri ya 3D .

• Worm Gears: Okukendeeza ku sipiidi ey’amaanyi mu nkola za siteeringi z’emmotoka

Obulung’amu bwazo n’obutuufu bifuula emiguwa egy’omugaso ennyo mu nkola z’okutambuza amasannyalaze.

Okusiba amazzi ne ggaasi .

Ebiyungo ebiriko obuwuzi bikulu nnyo mu nkola z’okukwata amazzi:

• Ebintu ebikozesebwa mu kukola payipu: ebiyungo ebinywevu, ebiziyiza amazzi okukulukuta mu payipu n’okukola payipu z’amakolero .

• Valiva: Okufuga okukulukuta okutuufu mu nkola z’amazzi n’omukka .

Emiguwa egya ttaapu gitera okuwa eby’obugagga eby’okwesiba, okutumbula obulungi bw’enkola.

Okuteeka mu kifo n’okutereeza .

Threads zisobozesa okutereeza okulungi mu bivuga ebituufu:

• Micrometers: Okupima okutuufu okuyita mu nkola ezisinziira ku sikulaapu .

• Okutereeza ebikulukusi: okupima ebikozesebwa mu maaso n’ebyuma .

Obusobozi bwazo okuvvuunula obuzito obutono mu ntambula za linear ez’eddakiika tebulina kye bufaanana.

Specific Industry Applications

amakolero	okukozesa	thread ekika .
Ebyuma by'omu bbanga .	Ebisiba eby’amaanyi amangi .	UNF, Metric Fine .
Automotive .	Ebitundu bya yingini .	Metric, UNF .
Ebyuma ebikozesebwa mu by'obujjanjabi .	Okunyweza Implant .	Custom, Pitch ennungi .
Amafuta ne ggaasi .	Ebiyungo ebiziyiza puleesa .	NPT, API .

Okunoonyereza ku mbeera .

Ebiyungo ebirina amaanyi amangi mu kuzimba omutala .

• Okusoomoozebwa: okwegatta ku bintu ebinene eby’enzimba .

• Ekigonjoola: dayamita ennene, obuuma obunyweza ennyo nga buliko obuwuzi bwa UNC .

• Ekivaamu: Ebiyungo ebiwangaala, ebigumira obukoowu ebisobola okugumira emigugu egy’amaanyi

Precision lead screw mu byuma bya CNC .

• Okusoomoozebwa: Okuteeka ebikozesebwa mu kusala mu ngeri entuufu .

• Ekigonjoolwa: Enjawulo za trapezoidal ezitandika ku ttaka

• Ekivaamu: Submicron positioning obutuufu n'okufuga entambula okuseeneekerevu .

Okuyungibwa kwa payipu okwesiba mu nkola za puleesa enkulu .

• Okusoomoozebwa: Ebiyungo ebitaliimu nvuba mu nkola z’amazzi .

• Ekigonjoolwa: NPTF threads eziteekeddwako tapered nga zifugibwa interference fit .

• Ekyavaamu: Ebisiba ebyesigika, eby’ekyuma okutuuka ku kyuma nga tebirina bikozesebwa ebirala ebisiba

Emitendera gy'okulemererwa kw'obuwuzi n'okuziyiza .

Okutegeera emitendera gy’okulemererwa kw’obuwuzi kikulu nnyo mu kukola enteekateeka z’okuyungibwa okwesigika era ezirina obukuumi. Ekitundu kino kinoonyereza ku ngeri eza bulijjo ez’okulemererwa, ebiziviirako, n’engeri y’okuziyizaamu.

Emitendera egya bulijjo egy'okulemererwa .

Ebitundu ebirina obuwuzi bisobola okulemererwa mu ngeri ez’enjawulo:

1. Okuggyako : Okukyukakyuka kw'obuwuzi wansi w'omugugu oguyitiridde .

2. Shearing : Okwawula mu bujjuvu obuwuzi olw'amaanyi agasukkiridde .

3. Galling : Okwonooneka kw'okungulu okuva mu kwambala okwesiiga wakati w'obuwuzi obugatta .

4. Okuwamba : obuwuzi busiba wamu, nga buziyiza okumenyawo .

5. Okukoowa : Okukula kw'enjatika mpolampola wansi w'okutikka enzirukanya .

6. Stress corrosion Cracking : Okugatta situleesi y’okusika n’embeera y’okukulukuta .

Ebivaako obuwuzi okulemererwa

bivaako	okunnyonnyola	kwa bulijjo mu .
Okwambala	Okufiirwa ebintu mpolampola okuva mu kusika .	Ebiyungo ebitera okukuŋŋaanyizibwa .
Okukulukuta .	Okuvunda kw’eddagala ly’ebintu ebikozesebwa mu kuzimba .	Embeera ezibikkuddwa oba ezirimu obunnyogovu .
Obukoowu	Enzirukanya z’okunyigirizibwa eziddiŋŋana eziviirako okutondebwa kw’enjatika .	Ebitundu ebikankana oba ebitikkiddwa mu nsengekera .
Overload .	Okusukka obusobozi bwa thread obw'okutwala emigugu .	Ebisiba ebinywezeddwa mu ngeri etali ntuufu .
Olukungaana olutasaana .	Cross-threading oba okunywezebwa ennyo .	Enkola z’okukuŋŋaanya mu ngalo .

Enkola eziziyiza .

Okukendeeza ku kulemererwa kw'obuwuzi:

1. Okulonda ebintu mu ngeri entuufu okusinziira ku mbeera y’obutonde n’ebyetaago by’omugugu .

2. Okusiiga obujjanjabi obusaanidde ku ngulu oba okusiiga .

3. Okukozesa ebirungo ebisiba obuwuzi okusobola okuziyiza okukankana .

4. Okussa mu nkola enkola entuufu ey’okusiiga okusiiga .

5. Okunywerera ku miwendo gya torque egyalagirwa mu kiseera ky’okukuŋŋaanya .

Okulonda obuwuzi obulungi n'okukola dizayini .

Okulongoosa omutindo gw’obuwuzi okuyita mu:

• Okulonda thread profile esaanira ku nkola .

• Okulowooza ku nsonga z’okugabanya emigugu n’okukuma yalina situleesi .

• Okukebera ensonga z’obutonde (ebbugumu, obusobozi bw’okukulukuta) .

• Okusalawo Obuwanvu bw'okukwatagana obulungi n'obuwuzi .

• Okulonda kiraasi ezisaanidde ez’okugumiikiriza ebitundu okugatta .

Okulondoola omutindo n’okukebera .

Okussa mu nkola ebipimo ebinywevu eby’omutindo:

1. Okukebera ebipimo nga okozesa ebipima obulungi n’ebipima .

2. Enkola ezitali za kuzikiriza (okugeza, ultrasonic, magnetic particle) ku bitundu ebikulu .

3. Enteekateeka z’okukebera n’okuddaabiriza buli luvannyuma lwa kiseera ku nkuŋŋaana eziriko obuwuzi .

4. Ebiwandiiko n'okulondoola enkola z'okukola obuwuzi .

5. Enteekateeka z’okutendeka abakozi b’olukiiko okulaba obukodyo obutuufu obw’okussaako .

Endnots .

Threads zeetaagisa nnyo mu yinginiya, ezikozesebwa okusiba, okutambula, n’okutambuza amaanyi. Zikakasa okuyungibwa okw’amaanyi, okwesigika mu nkola z’ebyuma.

Okulonda obulungi, okukola dizayini, n’okulondoola omutindo gw’emiguwa kikulu nnyo okwewala okulemererwa n’okulongoosa omulimu mu nkola ez’enjawulo.

Okunoonyereza ku mutindo gw’obuwuzi, ebikozesebwa, n’obukodyo bw’okukola bisobola okutumbula ennyo okutegeera kw’okukozesa obuwuzi.

Okumanya ebisingawo, kebera omutindo gw’amakolero n’ebikozesebwa okulaba nga bikola bulungi mu pulojekiti zo eza yinginiya.