Insanganyamatsiko mu nyego

Urudodo, rusanzwe ruzwi nkumugozi wicyuma, ni imiterere yubuvuzi izenguruka hafi ya silindrike cyangwa ifitanye isano. Iremerera icyerekezo cyo guhinduranya guhinduka mumurongo. Imitwe ni ngombwa mubuhanga bwo kwinjiramo ibice, gukora urugendo, no kwanduza imbaraga.

Amateka n'akamaro k'utudodo mu nyego

Insanganyamatsiko zabaye impaka ku buteranire mu binyejana byinshi. Igitekerezo cyurudodo rwamatariki mu bihe bya kera ubwo byakoreshwaga mubyiciro byibanze no guterura. Nki nganda zikora inganda zateguwe, impapuro zisanzwe zatangijwe kugirango zihuze kandi zihumure. Uyu munsi, insanganyamatsiko ni ingenzi mu rwego rwa buri mwanya wa Engineering, kuva Aerospace kugera mumodoka. Bakora neza, bakurwaho kandi bagakora igenzura rya interineti.

Ubwoko bwa Porogaramu

Insanganyamatsiko zikora intego zitandukanye bitewe nibisabwa byubwubatsi. Porogaramu isanzwe cyane irimo:

• Insanganyamatsiko zifunga : Ibi bikoreshwa mugufata ibice bibiri cyangwa byinshi hamwe neza. Bolts n'imbuto ni ingero za kera zubudodo. Bakunze kuboneka mu mashini, ibinyabiziga, n'imishinga y'ubwubatsi bitewe n'imbaraga zabo no koroshya inteko.

• Imitwe yitwara : Izi nsanganyamatsiko zihindura icyerekezo cyo kuzunguruka mubikorwa. Koresha imigozi mu mashini hamwe na jackssssssss mubikoresho biremereye ni ingero nziza. Igishushanyo mbonera cyabo cyukuri kibafasha guhindura kuzunguruka muburyo bworoshye, bugenzurwa, bigatuma ari ngombwa muri sisitemu ya mashini isaba ukuri.

• Imitwe yo gutwara abantu : ikunze kuboneka muri sisitemu ya convestiour kandi ikuramo convowers, iyi nsanganyamatsiko ifasha ibikoresho byo gutwara cyangwa amazi. Ingendo zabo zihoraho zemerera ibintu kugirango bimuke munzira igenzurwa, bigatuma ingirakamaro munganda nk'ubuhinzi no gukora.

Geometrie nigishushanyo mbonera

Urudodo rwa Geometrie rufite uruhare rukomeye muguhitamo imikorere yarwo ndetse n'abiha bitandukanye. Buri kirego kigira ingaruka kuburyo urudodo rwitabira, kwimurwa, no gukomeza kuba inyangamugayo. Reka dusuzume ibipimo bikomeye bya geometrike nibikoresho bikoreshwa mugupima imitwe.

Geometric ibipimo byurudodo

Ibipimo bya geometrike bikurikira bisobanura imiterere nimyitwarire yumutwe:

• Diameter ikomeye : diameter nini yumudodo, yapimwe hejuru yinzuki zituruka hanze cyangwa hasi yimbere. Igena ingano n'imbaraga rusange igice cyigitonyanga.

• Diameter nto : diameter ntoya, yapimye imizi yurudodo rwo hanze cyangwa hejuru yumutwe wimbere. Irasobanura ubunini bwibikoresho byibanze bya screw cyangwa bolt.

• Ikibanza cya diameter (diameter nziza) : diameter yubukorikori butekereza inyuze mu mbaruka. Ni ngombwa kugirango tubone neza kandi dusezeranye hagati yumutwe uhuza, tugira ingaruka kuburyo bunini.

• Ikibanza : Intera ya Axial hagati yerekana ingingo zegeranye. Ikibanza kinini cyemerera kugenda byihuse kurimbuka, mugihe ikibanza gito gitanga kugenzura neza ninyungu nyinshi zubukanishi.

• Kuyobora : intera yiterambere ryimbere muburyo bumwe bwuzuye. Ku nsanganyamatsiko imwe yo gutangira, ihwanye nintoki, ariko kumurongo-utangira, iyambere ni ikibuga kinini.

• Ingingo itangira : bivuga umubare wubudodo bwa buri muntu kuri screw. Urudodo rumwe rutangira rufite umuvuduko umwe ukomeza, mugihe insanganyamatsiko yo gutangira zitanga umurongo wihuse kumurongo.

• Helix Inguni : Inguni yashizweho hagati ya Helix ya Helix n'umurongo perpendicular kuri axis yumutwe. Inguni ya Helix igabanya guterana amagambo ariko irashobora kugabanya imbaraga.

• Angle angle : Inguni yashizweho hagati yumurongo wegeranye wurudodo. Ibi bigira ingaruka kuburyo imbaraga zitangwa no gutangaza imikorere yubunini mugushiraho imitwaro.

• Inguni iryinyo : Imiterere n'inguni yamenyo yumuntu kugiti cye, bitandukanya ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera. Inguni iryinyo irashobora kuba trapezoidal, kare, cyangwa mpandeshatu, igira ingaruka ku mbaraga namakimbirane.

Gupima ibikoresho ku nsanganyamatsiko

Igipimo cyukuri ni ngombwa kugirango umenye neza ibice biranga. Ibikoresho bibiri by'ibanze bikoreshwa kuri iyi ntego ni:

• Caliper : Igikoresho kidasanzwe cyo gupima diamest nini kandi ntoya yumugabo (hanze) nigitsina gore (imbere). Ubusobanuro bwayo butuma injeniyeri gupima ubunini bwidodo vuba kandi neza.

• Ikibuga cya Gauge : Igikoresho cyihariye cyagenewe gupima intera iri hagati yintore. Ni ngombwa kumenya ikibuga cyurudodo kandi gikoreshwa muburyo bwa metero kandi imperial.

Kumenya insanganyamatsiko

Indangamuntu yukuri ningirakamaro kubihitamo bikwiye no guhuza sisitemu. Kurikiza izi ntambwe zo kumenya insanganyamatsiko:

Intambwe zo kumenya imitwe

1.. Umugabo numugore

• Imitwe yumugabo: Imisozi yo hanze kuri bolts, imigozi, cyangwa imiyoboro.

• Indodo y'abagore: Imbere mu Gihugu muri Nuts, umwobo, cyangwa fittings.

• Kugenzura bigaragara birahagije; Uburinganire ntabwo bugira ingaruka kumikorere ariko igena ibice biranga.

2. Yashavumbuwe umurongo ugereranije

• Insanganyamatsiko zibangikanye zikomeza diameter ihoraho.

• Urudodo rwanditse rugabanuka kuri diameter igana kumpera.

• Koresha Calipers kugirango wemeze: insangano zibangikanye zihura nuburebure bwuzuye, urutare rwaka.

3. Gupima ikibuga

• Koresha ikibuga kugirango umenye intera iri hagati yintore.

• Ku nsanganyamatsiko ya Imperial, kubara insanganyamatsiko kuri santimetero (TPI).

• Kuri metero ya metero, gupima intera iri hagati ya CALCATERS.

4. Gupima ubunini

Igipimo cyubunini bwibipimo biterwa nubwoko bwidodo:

Uburyo	bwo gupima
Umugozi	Gereranya numwirondoro wizina
Insanganyamatsiko idahwitse	Gupima hanze ya diameter hamwe na caliper

5. Kugena Ubwoko bwanditse

Gereranya ibipimo kumeza asanzwe:

• Npt / nptf kumurongo wumuyoboro wanditse

• BSP Ku nsanganyamatsiko zisanzwe zo mu Bwongereza

• Metric ku nsanganyamatsiko mpuzamahanga isanzwe

• UN / UNF kubidodo byigihugu bihuriweho

Ibipimo ngenderwaho hamwe nibisobanuro

Mu buhanga, amahame n'amadozi n'ibisobanuro byerekana guhuza, kubyutsa, no gusobanuka kuri sisitemu n'inganda zitandukanye. Buri gipimo gisobanura geometrie ya geometrie yumutwe, ikibuga, no kwihanganira. Hano, tuzaganira ku mahame akoreshwa cyane, harimo ISO Metric Tradods, insanganyamatsiko isanga, insanganyamatsiko zisanzwe z'Ubwongereza, na Amerika yo muri Amerika.

ISO metric tracric

Urudodo rwa ISOric nurwego rusanzwe rwisi. Ikoresha ibipimo byabijijwe kuri diameter na pitch, byorohereza ibipimo ngenderwaho mukarere.

• Umwirondoro wambaye hamwe nibipimo : ISO metric tract insanganyamatsiko zifite impamyabumenyi 60 ya V-ishusho, isobanuwe na diameter hamwe na pinte. Ibipimo byombi bipimwa muri milimetero.

• Urukurikirane rwiza kandi rwiza : Urukurikirane rwa Coarte (urugero, m10 × 1.5) rukoreshwa mubikorwa rusange-intego yo gutanga. Urukurikirane rwiza rwa pitch (urugero, m10 × 1.0) zikoreshwa mugihe gikwiye kandi birakenewe.

• Amasomo yo kwihanganira no guhuza : Iso Metrike Imirongo igabanijwemo amashuri yihanganirana, nka 6g na 6h, agena urwego rwo gukuraho cyangwa kwivanga. Coarner coverrants itanga intungane zirahuye, mugihe kwihanganira amakosa gutanga ikinini.

Urudodo rudafite ishingiro (UNC / UNF)

Igipimo gisanzwe gisanzwe (UTS) gikoreshwa cyane muri Amerika, Kanada, hamwe n'ibice by'Ubwongereza bitanga ibipimo muri santimetero kandi bisa na iso metric tractric dores ya coarte kandi yuzuye.

• Umwirondoro wambaye hamwe nibipimo : umugozi wa UTS ufite impamyabumenyi 60 v-umwirondoro, wapimwe muri santimetero. Harimo urudodo (UNC) kandi rwiza (UNF).

• Urukurikirane rwiza kandi rwiza : UNC insanganyamatsiko, nka ¼ '- 20 UNC, zikoreshwa mubisabwa muri rusange, nka ¼ ' - 28 UNF, bahitamo kubimenya byindamba.

• Amasomo yo kwihanganira no guhuza : UTS itanga amasomo atandukanye yitonda, hamwe nibiciro bikunze gukoreshwa birimo icyiciro cya 1 (fire), icyiciro cya 2 (gisanzwe), hamwe na 3 (bikwiranye).

Insanganyamatsiko zisanzwe z'Ubwongereza

Insanganyamatsiko y'Abongereza ni gahunda y'umurage, iracyakoreshwa cyane mu Bwongereza na Commonwealth. Izi nsanganyamatsiko zirimo whitworth, nziza, ninsanganyamatsiko.

• Imitwe ya Whitworth (BSW) : Urudozi rusanzwe w'Abihengereza (BSW) rufite inguni icumi. Ikoreshwa mubyifuzo rusange-intego, cyane cyane mumashini ashaje.

• Urudodo rwiza rw'Ubwongereza (BSF) : Bisa na BSW ariko hamwe na bsf ikibuga cyiza, urudodo rwa BSF rutanga imiyoboro ikomeye mu kunyeganyega, nk'ibice by'imodoka na aerospace na aerospace ndetse n'akarere.

• Urudodo rw'Ubwongereza rusanzwe (BSP) : Imitwe ya BSP ikoreshwa cyane mu muyoboro. Imitwe ya BSP (ibangishwa) isaba kashe yo hanze, mugihe BSPT (yaka) yidodo twibasiwe no kumeneka.

Uburinganire bwabanyamerika

Ibipimo by'igihugu by'abanyamerika ku nsanganyamatsiko zirimo ubwoko bwa NPT na NPTF, byateguwe kuri porogaramu zo mu kashe.

• NPT na NPPF itandukaniro : NPP (umuyoboro wigihugu wapfutseho) imitwe ikora kunyuramo no kurwara kandi akenshi bisaba ibikoresho byingorako. NPPR (umuyoboro wigihugu wapfushije ubusa) imitwe yagenewe kashe idafite ibikoresho byinyongera mugukora ibyuma-to-ibyuma.

Ikigereranyo hamwe nibitandukaniro nubuziranenge butandukanye

Ibipimo bitandukanye ntabwo buri gihe bihuye, nkuko bitandukana mukibuga, inguni, kandi ikwiranye. ISO metric tracric tracts kurikira sisitemu rusange ukoresheje ibice bya metric, mugihe inkingi zidafite ishingiro hamwe nudusimba bbongereza bakoresha ibipimo bya imperial. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya PIPe nka NPT nabwo biratandukanye muburyo bwabo bwo gushyirwaho no gushimisha, gukomeza kugorana.

Ibindi bipimo mpuzamahanga nakarere

Ibihugu byinshi bibungabunga amahame yabo bwite y'inganda z'igihugu. Harimo:

• JI (ibipimo ngenderwaho by'inganda) : Ingingo za JIS zo mu Buyapani zikurikiza uburyo nk'ubwo ku mahame ya ISO metric ariko irashobora gutandukana gato mu kibuga no gusaba.

• Dinte (Ikigo cy'Ubudage ku buryo bw'ibipimo) : Ibipimo ngenderwaho Ubudage bihujwe neza hamwe nubucuruzi bwa ISOME, bitanga ibisobanuro birambuye mu nganda ziva mumodoka ziva mumodoka.

• GOST (Standard Leta y'Uburusiya) : Igipimo cy'Uburusiya cya Gost kirimo imigozi ishingiye ku nsanganyamatsiko zishingiye ku ntera, zikoreshwa cyane mu nzego z'ubuhanga mu gihugu ndetse no gukora.

Imbonerahamwe y'incamake y'ibipimo ngenderwaho Ibipimo

ngenderwaho Ibipimo	ngenderwaho	Ibipimo	Ibipimo	Ibipimo bisanzwe
ISO metric (m)	Isi yose	60 °	Metric	Rusange Rugera, Imashini
Guhuzwa (UNC / UNF)	Amerika, Kanada	60 °	Santimetero	Ibyingenzi, imashini zifatika
Whitworth (BSW / BSF)	Uk	55 °	Santimetero	Imashini zishaje, Automotive
Umuyoboro w'Abongereza (BSP)	Ubwongereza, ku isi	55 °	Santimetero	Umuyoboro, amazi
Npt / nptf	Amerika	60 °	Santimetero	Umuyoboro mwiza, Sisitemu ya lisansi
JI	Ubuyapani	60 °	Metric	Imashini, Imodoka
Din	Ubudage	60 °	Metric	Imashini zikoresha Imodoka, Inganda
Gost	Uburusiya	60 ° / 55 °	Mentic / Inch	Inganda zinyuranye, Inganda zigihugu

Ubwoko bw'insanganyamatsiko

Imitwe iza muburyo butandukanye, buri kimwe cyagenewe gusabana. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye bwurudodo ni ngombwa muguhitamo iburyo kumushinga wawe. Reka dushakishe ubwoko busanzwe bushingiye ku cyerekezo, umwirondoro, na buri gipimo.

Ukuboko kw'iburyo n'ibumoso

Imitwe irashobora gushyirwa mu byiciro hashingiwe ku cyerekezo bahindukirira kwishora.

• Intoki iburyo (RH) : Ubu ni ubwoko bukunze kugaragara. Baringana iyo bazengurutse amasaha. Hafi ya rusange-intego-yoroheje, nka screw hamwe na bolts, koresha rh insanganyamatsiko kugirango zorohereze.

• Imitwe yibumoso (LH) : Iyi nsanganyamatsiko zikamba iyo zahinduwe isaha. Insanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa mubihe aho kuzunguruka isaha bishobora gutera igice cyo kurekura, nko mu nteko zimwe na zimwe zamashini nka pedal yicyuma cyangwa ibice byihariye.

Umwirondoro

Umwirondoro wibitabo Sobanura imiterere yumutwe kandi uhindure imbaraga zabo, gukora neza, n'imikorere.

• Urudodo rumeze neza : Iyi niyo yumwirondoro cyane. Imiterere yabo ya mpandeshatu itanga imbaraga nziza zifata neza kandi zikunze kuboneka muri bolts na screw kugirango ufate.

• Imitwe ya kare : Imitwe ya kare irakora neza mu kwanduza amashanyarazi, hamwe no guterana amagambo. Bakunze gukoreshwa mu garacks, imiyoboro igana, nibindi bikoresho biremereye.

• Insanganyamatsiko ya Acme : uburyo bwahinduwe bwa kare, insangano za acme itanga imbaraga kandi ziroroshye gukora. Bakoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba imitwaro iremereye, nkibikoresho byimashini na valves.

• Trapezodal insanganyamatsiko : Bisa ninsanganyamatsiko za acme ariko hamwe numwirondoro wa trapezodal, iyi nsanganyamatsiko zikoreshwa muri mashini yuburayi. Batanga imbaraga nimbatura mugukwirakwiza ubutegetsi.

• Insanganyamatsiko ya knuckle : izwiho imizingo yaze kandi imizi ya cluble yashizweho kugirango ikoreshwe neza kandi nibyiza kubihe aho imyanda cyangwa ibyangiritse bisanzwe cyangwa amacupa ingofero.

• Imitwe ya Buttress : Izi nsanganyamatsiko zagenewe guhangana n'imbaraga zo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu cyerekezo kimwe, zikunze gukoreshwa muburyo bwo guhinga hamwe nimashini zamashanyarazi. Umwirondoro ni uguhuza imbaraga zubudodo bwa kare hamwe nibikorwa v-insanganyamatsiko.

• Imitwe yintoki : Imitwe yintoki ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yinka yo mu kirere, yemerera kwanduza amashanyarazi iburyo. Zimbitse kuruta insangano za ACME hamwe nubufasha muri porogaramu aho bisabwa cyane.

Insanganyamatsiko zisa

Imitwe irashobora kandi gushyirwa mubikorwa nuburyo diameter yabo ihinduka muburebure.

• Imitwe ya taper : Izi nsanganyamatsiko zigabanuka buhoro buhoro diameter zerekeza ku mperuka, zikora wedge ikora kashe. Insanganyamatsiko zanditseho zisanzwe mubyiciro byumuyoboro kandi birinda imikazo. Ingero zirimo NPP (umuyoboro wigihugu wigihugu) na BSPT (Umuyoboro usanzwe wanditseho).

• Imitwe ihwanye : insanganyamatsiko zibangikanye zikomeza diameter ihoraho muri rusange. Basaba uburyo bwinyongera bwo gushyingura, nka o-impeta cyangwa kaseti ya kaseti, kumazi akomeye. Ubwoko Rusange harimo BSPP (British Standard Pipe ihuriweho) na NPTF (umuyoboro wigihugu wapfushije ubusa).

Ubwoko bwihariye

Ibipimo byinshi bitanga insanganyamatsiko zihariye kugirango zikoreshwe mu nganda zinyuranye, zifite ingero ziboneye kuba:

• Urudodo rw'igihugu ruhujwe (UNC, UNF, UNF, rusanzwe rukoreshwa muri Amerika na Kanada, insanganyamatsiko zihujwe zipimwa muri santimetero. UNC insanganyamatsiko (coarse) ikoreshwa muri rusange-intego yo gufunga, mugihe insanganyamatsiko ya UNF (nziza) ikundwa muburyo bukomeye. Imitwe idasanzwe ni insanganyamatsiko zidasanzwe ziteganijwe kubyo zikenewe.

• Insanganyamatsiko zisanzwe z'Ubwongereza (BSW, BSF, BSF, BSF) : The Eregact Whitworth (BSW) irakoreshwa cyane cyane mu mashini ishaje. Insanganyamatsiko nziza yo mu Bwongereza (BSF) itanga imirongo ikomeye, nziza kandi ikoreshwa mubidukikije bya vibration. Umuyoboro wubwongereza (BSP) ni ngombwa kugirango ushireho umuyoboro mugukora amazi na gaze, harimo impapuro zibangikanye (BSPP) na kashe (BSPT).

Imbonerahamwe yincamake yubwoko

Ubwoko	bwanditse	bwurugomo
Iburyo (rh) insanganyamatsiko	Ku isaha	Rusange-Intego
Ibumoso (LH)	Isaha	Ibice byerekana kurekura munsi yo kuzunguruka
Urudodo rumeze	Mpagarara	Gufatira, imashini rusange
Imitwe ya kare	Kare	Kwanduza imbaraga, Jack, Imashini ziremereye
Insangano za acme	Trapezoidal	Imitwaro iremereye, ibikoresho byimashini
Trapezodal insanganyamatsiko	Trapezoidal	Gukwirakwiza ubutegetsi, imashini zi Burayi
Insanganyamatsiko	Kuzenguruka	Gari ya moshi ya gari ya moshi, icupa
Imitwe ya Buttress	Asimmetrical	Ibikoresho bya Clamping, Imashini zikanda
Incoma	Helical	Inyo yinyo, inguni iburyo
Umugozi	Wedge-Ikidodo	Umuyoboro (NPP, BSPT)
Insanganyamatsiko zibangikanye	Guhora Diameter	Pipe fittings isaba akadomo ho hanze
Urudodo rw'igihugu ruhujwe	Inch	Ibyingenzi, imashini zifatika
Insanganyamatsiko zisanzwe z'Ubwongereza	Inch	Umuyoboro mwiza, Machiney

Uburyo bwo gukora

Umusaruro winsanganyamatsiko zirimo tekinike zitandukanye, buriwese atanga ibyiza bidasanzwe kubisabwa nibikoresho. Dore incamake yuburyo bwibanze bwo gukora:

Gukata urudodo (kanda hanyuma uple)

Gukata urubyaro birakomeje uburyo bukoreshwa cyane bwo gukora insanganyamatsiko yimbere ninyuma:

• Kanda : Byakoreshejwe kurudodo rwimbere mu mwobo wambere wangiritse

• Apfa : Yakoreshejwe kurudodo rwo hanze ku nkoni cyangwa bolts

Ibyiza:

• Bikwiranye numucyo muto

• Bikoreshwa kubikoresho byinshi

• Ugereranije nigiciro gito cyambere

Imipaka:

• Gahoro kurenza ubundi buryo

• Irashobora kubyara ubuziranenge butarimo umutwe mu mibare myinshi

Umugozi uzunguruka

Urudodo rukurura impapuro zanyuze muburyo bwa plastike bwakazi:

• Kuzunguruka bikonje: Byakozwe mubushyuhe bwicyumba

• Gusunika cyane: Ibikoresho bishyushye munsi yubushyuhe bwo gukemura

Inyungu:

• Ibiciro byinshi byumusaruro

• Imbaraga zuzuye kubera akazi gakomeye

• Ubuso bwiza bwo kurangiza no guhuza amategeko

Ibisubizo:

• Bigarukira ku bikoresho

• Ikiguzi kinini cyibikoresho

Gusya

Gusya gusya bikoresha ibiziga bya ABESVER kugirango bishobore gutanga insanganyamatsiko nziza cyane:

• Tekinike imwe cyangwa amanota menshi arahari

• Nibyiza kubikoresho bikomeye cyangwa diameter nini

Ibyingenzi:

• Ubwukuri budasanzwe no kurangiza

• Bikwiranye no gukorana nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe

• Birashoboka kubyara impapuro zigoye

Ibitekerezo:

• Gahoro gahoro igipimo ugereranije no kuzunguruka

• Igiciro cyo hejuru kuri buri gice

Gusya

Gusport Gusya Gukoresha Gukoresha Ibikoresho Gukata Ibikoresho byo kubyara insanganyamatsiko:

• CNC igenzurwa kugirango ihuze

• Bikwiranye nimbere no hanze

Ibyiza:

• Birashoboka kubyara imitwe minini ya diameter

• Igikoresho gito cya Giminal, cyiza kubice bitoroshye

• Irashobora gukora iburyo-iburyo nibumoso-bwibumoso hamwe nigikoresho kimwe

Imipaka:

• Bisaba ibikoresho byihariye na progaramu

• Mubisanzwe gahoro kuruta kuzunguruka kumusaruro mwinshi

3D gucapa no gukora ibikorwa byo gukora

Ikoranabuhanga rigaragara ritanga uburyo bushya bwo gukora ingingo:

• Gucapa mu buryo butaziguye ibice

• Nyuma yo gutunganya Ibice bya 3D kugirango wongere insanganyamatsiko

Inyungu zishobora:

• Geometries igoye ishoboka

• Kugabanya imyanda

• Ubushobozi bwihuse bwa prototyping

INGORANE:

• Amahitamo make

• Imbaraga zo hasi ugereranije nuburyo gakondo

• Kurangiza hejuru birashobora gusaba nyuma yo gutunganya

Ibintu bireba imikorere yimikorere

Imikorere yumurongo iterwa nibintu bitandukanye byerekana imbaraga zayo, kuramba, no kwizerwa mubuhanga. Kuva guhitamo ibintu kubitekerezo byibidukikije, gusobanukirwa nkibi bintu ni ngombwa kugirango ubone imikorere myiza. Hasi ni ibintu byingenzi bireba imikorere yumutwe.

Guhitamo Ibikoresho

Imikorere yumurongo biterwa cyane nibiranga ibintu:

• Imbaraga: Kugena ubushobozi bwo gutwara

• Umucunga: Ingaruka zo gushyiraho no Kurwanya Kwiyambura

• Kurwanya ruswa: Ingenzi yo kuramba mu bidukikije bikaze

Kuvura hejuru no Gukora

Ubuvuzi bwo hejuru bunoza kuramba no gukora imitwe bigabanya kwambara, ruswa, no gukurura. Ubuvuzi rusange burimo:

• Gukora Zinc : irinda imigozi yimbuto kandi zongerera ubuzima bwabo.

• IHURIRO RY'UMUKARA RWA BLACK : Itanga ihohoterwa ryo kwitonda kandi ryongerera imbaraga.

• Phosfating : Itezimbere kugumana amavuta, bigatuma ari ingirakamaro mumafaranga menshi.

• Ameding : Bikunze gukoreshwa kumutwe wa aluminimu, biro yongera kurwanya ruswa no kwambara imbaraga.

Ubuvuzi bufasha insanganyamatsiko zikora byimazeyo mubidukikije bikaze cyangwa porogaramu yo hejuru.

Gusiganya no guterana amagambo

Gusiga amavuta bikwiye bigabanya amakimbirane mugihe cyo guterana no kwirinda gukomera cyangwa gufata, cyane cyane muburyo bwo hejuru. Guhoroza:

• Kugabanya kwambara : bifasha kugabanya ibyangiritse biterwa no gukomera no kurekura.

• Bitezimbere kugenzura TORQUE : Reba no gukwirakwiza umutwaro hejuru yumutwe, kubuza-gukomera.

Urudodo rufite amavuta rushobora kubamo amavuta, amabuye, cyangwa kurwanya ibice byimigabane bitewe nibisabwa byihariye.

Ibintu by'ibidukikije

Imitwe ikunze guhura nibidukikije bitandukanye nibidukikije, bikagira ingaruka kumikorere yabo mugihe. INGINGO Z'INGENZI ZISHYIRA HANZE:

• Ubushyuhe : Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burashobora gutera kwaguka no gukinisha imbaraga. Ubushyuhe buke burashobora gukora ibikoresho bimwe.

• RORROSONION : insanganyamatsiko zerekana ubushuhe, imiti, cyangwa umunyu ishobora guterana, guca intege imiterere yabo mugihe runaka.

• Kunyeganyega : Gukomeza kunyeganyega birashobora kurekura imiyoboro ihuza, biganisha ku gutsindwa. Gufunga uburyo nkubudodo cyangwa gufunga imbuto birashobora gufasha kugabanya ibi.

Gukemura ibibazo nkibi bidukikije ni ngombwa mugukomeza ubusugire bwumuhuza.

Inteko nuburyo bwo gukomera

Uburyo bukoreshwa mu guterana no gukomera ku nsangatora bigira ingaruka ku buryo bugaragara. Uburyo bw'ingenzi burimo:

• Igenzura rya Torque : Gushyira mu bikorwa TERQUE ikwiye iremeza urudodo ntirusigaye - cyangwa ngo rugabanuke, gukomeza kuba inyangamugayo.

• Guhagarika guhagarika amakuru : UBURYO BWA MBERE bigabanya ibyago byo kurekura munsi yimizigo ifite imbaraga kandi byemeza kopi yo gukwirakwiza hejuru yumwirondoro.

• Ibikoresho byo gufunga : Ibikoresho nka Torque Gutanga ibisobanuro, bigabanya amahirwe yo gutsindwa.

Gukoresha uburyo bwiza bwo guterana buzamura iherezo n'imbaraga zo guhuza imirongo.

Ubwoko bw'imitwaro n'ingaruka zabo ku mbaraga

Imitwe ikorwa nubwoko butandukanye bwimitwaro, kandi buri bwoko bugira ingaruka kumikorere itandukanye:

• Imitwaro ihamye : Yakoreshejwe neza mugihe, muri rusange ntabwo bitera kunanirwa gukanda keretse umutwaro urenze imbaraga zitanga umusaruro.

• Imitwaro ifite imbaraga : zitandukanye mugihe kandi irashobora gutera insanganyamatsiko kugirango urekure cyangwa umunaniro niba utarateguwe neza.

• Umubyimba wumunaniro : Gupakira inshuro nyinshi no gupakurura wicle ucika intege mugihe, biganisha ku gutsindwa. Ibikoresho hamwe no kurwanya umunaniro mwinshi bahitamo muri iyo porogaramu.

Gusobanukirwa imiterere yumutwaro iremeza ubwoko bwiburyo bwibintu hamwe nibikoresho byatoranijwe kubisabwa.

Gukora ibicuruzwa

Mubisanzwe, insanganyamatsiko zisabwa gutanga kashe, cyane cyane mumazi cyangwa sisitemu ya gaze. Insanganyamatsiko yaka nka NPT na BSPT itanga imitungo yo kwikorera kugirango ikore neza uko bakomeje. Ku nsanganyamatsiko zidashidikanye kuri iyabo (urugero, insanganyamatsiko zibangikanye nka BSPP), kashe yinyongera nka o-impeta zisabwa kugirango wirinde kumeneka.

rwumurongo	utanga ubushobozi	Urudodo
NPT	Ikidodo	Umuyoboro mwiza, Sisitemu ya Fluid
Imitwe ya BSPT	Ikidodo	Gusaba gaze na Fluid
BSPP	Bisaba akamenyetso k'inyongera (o-impeta cyangwa kaseti)	Amazi, umuvuduko ukabije

Gukemura ibisabwa byimuka ni ngombwa mukubungabunga amazi akomeye muri porogaramu zubuhanga.

Gusaba insanganyamatsiko muri Engineering

Insanganyamatsiko zigira uruhare rukomeye muri porogaramu zinyuranye, zitanga imirimo y'ingenzi mu nganda nyinshi. Guhinduranya no gukora neza bituma bigira uruhare rudasanzwe mubuhanga bugezweho.

Ifunga

Ibyihuta bigize inyuma yinteko ya mashini:

• BOLTS: Imbaraga-nyinshi zihuza porogaramu

• Imiyoboro: Kwizirika kw'ibikoresho byinshi

• Nuts: gutanga imbaraga zidafite umutekano, zihindura imbaraga

Ibi bigize Gushoboza Inteko yoroshye, induru, no kubungabunga sisitemu yububiko.

Gukwirakwiza ubutegetsi

Insanganyamatsiko nziza muburyo bwo guhindura uruzitiro kuri lican icyerekezo:

• Imiyoboro yo kuyobora: Umwanya usobanutse mubikoresho byimashini na printer ya 3D

• Inyo yinyo: Kugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi muri sisitemu yo kuyobora imodoka

Imikorere yabo kandi mubyukuri bikora insanganyamatsiko nziza kubisabwa kohereza imbaraga.

Amazi na gaze

Ihuza ry'igihangano ni ngombwa mu sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi:

• Umuyoboro wa PIPOT: Inter ifite umutekano, guhuza ibimenyetso muguhuza inganda na inganda

• Valves: Kugenzurwa neza muri sisitemu ya hydraulic na pneumatike

Insanganyamatsiko zanditseho akenshi zitanga imitungo yo kwigira, izamuka ubunyangamugayo bwa sisitemu.

Umwanya no Guhindura

Insanganyamatsiko zifasha guhinduka neza mubikoresho byabigenewe:

• Micrometer: igipimo cyukuri binyuze muburyo bushingiye kucyuma

• Imiyoboro yo Guhindura: kalibration yibikoresho bya optique n'imashini

Ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhindura imbogamizi nto muminota yimirongo itagereranywa.

Porogaramu yihariye

inganda	gusaba	yo
Aerospace	Imbaraga nyinshi	Unf, Metric Nziza
Automotive	Ibigize moteri	Metric, UNF
Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga	Gukosora	Gakondo, ikibuga cyiza
Amavuta & gaze	Umuyoboro	Npt, API

Inyigo

Imbaraga nyinshi zometseho mubwubatsi

• INGORANE: Kwifatanya nibintu byinshi byubaka

• Igisubizo: Diameter nini, Imbaraga-ndende hamwe nudusimba twa UNC

• Igisubizo: Kuramba, Umunaniro-urwanya uhuza imbaraga zidasanzwe

Precision ayobora screw mumashini ya CNC

• INGORANE: Umwanya wukuri wo gukata ibikoresho

• Igisubizo: Ubutaka, Imirongo myinshi ya Trapezoudal hamwe nimbuto zirwanya inyuma

• Ibisubizo: Submicroron yohereza neza kandi neza

Kwikorera imiyoboro yo kwizirika muri sisitemu yo hejuru

• INGORANE: Ihuriro ryubusa kuri sisitemu ya hydraulic

• Igisubizo: NPPF yakandagiye hamwe nivanga igenzurwa

• Igisubizo: Icyizegurika, icyuma-ibyuma kidafite inyoka yinyongera

Kunanirwa kunanirwa no gukumira

Gusobanukirwa kunanirwa kwa gutsindwa ni ngombwa kugirango utegure amasano yizewe kandi afite umutekano. Iki gice gishakisha uburyo busanzwe bwo gutsindwa, ibitera, n'ingamba zo gukumira.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo gutsindwa

Ibigize urutwe birashobora kunanirwa muburyo butandukanye:

1. Kwiyambura : Guhindura urudodo munsi yumutwaro urenze

2. Gutontoma : Gutandukana Byuzuye Urudodo Kubera Imbaraga Zikabije

3. Guteka : Kwangirika kwiso hejuru yo kwambara hagati yudusimba

4. Gufata : Gufunga insanganyamatsiko hamwe, gukumira impungenge

5. Umunaniro : Gutezimbere buhoro buhoro munsi ya cyclic

6. Strent Stroshion Clasilion : Guhuza imihangayiko minini hamwe nibidukikije

Impamvu Kunanirwa kw'ingingo

bitera	ibisobanuro	bisanzwe muri
Kwambara	Buhoro buhoro igihombo cyibintu	Ingingo ziteranya
Ruswa	Gutesha agaciro imiti yibikoresho	Ibidukikije byagaragaye cyangwa buto
Umunaniro	Gusubiramo imihangayiko iganisha ku gushinga	Kunyeganyega cyangwa gupakira mu gace
Kurenza urugero	Ubushobozi bwo gutwara imitwaro	Gufunga bidakwiye
Inteko idakwiye	Kwambukiranya cyangwa hejuru-gukomera	Inyuma Iteraniro

Ingamba zo gukumira

Kugabanya imirongo yananiranye:

1. Guhitamo Ibikoresho Bikwiye Ukurikije Ibidukikije nibisabwa

2. Gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo kuvura bukwiye cyangwa amatwi

3. Gukoresha urufatiro rwo gufunga urudodo rwo kurwanya vibration

4. Gushyira mu bikorwa imyitozo iboneye

5. Kubahiriza indangagaciro za torque mugihe cyo guterana

Guhitamo neza no gushushanya

Kunoza Umuyoboro wanditse muri:

• Guhitamo umwirondoro ukwiye kuri porogaramu

• Urebye Gukwirakwiza Umutwaro no guhangayikishwa na Strentration

• Gusuzuma ibintu bishingiye ku bidukikije (ubushyuhe, ubushobozi bwa ruswa)

• Kugena uburebure bwiza bwo gusezerana

• Guhitamo amasomo akwiye yo kwihanganira

Kugenzura ubuziranenge no kugenzura

Gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba nziza:

1. Kugenzura igipimo ukoresheje ibipimo bya Precision no gupima ibikoresho

2. Uburyo butari bwo kugerageza (urugero, ultrasonic, umurongo wa magneti) kubice bikomeye

3. Gahunda yo kugenzura no gufata neza amateraniro

4. Inyandiko na traceledable yimikorere yo gukora

5. Gahunda yo guhugura abakozi bateranira inteko kugirango tekinike ikwiye yo kwishyiriraho

Ingoro

Imitwe ni ngombwa mu buhanga, ikoreshwa mu gufatira, kugenda, no kwanduza amashanyarazi. Bakora neza, byizewe muri sisitemu ya mashini.

Guhitamo neza, gushushanya, no kugenzura ubuziranenge bwinsanganyamatsiko ningirakamaro kugirango wirinde kunanirwa no kunoza imikorere muburyo butandukanye.

Gushakisha amahame, ibikoresho, nuburyo bwo gukora burashobora kuzamura cyane ibyifuzo bya Porogaramu.

Kubindi bisobanuro, reba ibipimo ngenderwaho hamwe kugirango urebe imikorere myiza mumishinga yawe yubuhanga.