Polystyrene (PS) plastike iri hose. Kubijyanye no gupakira ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, bigira uruhare runini mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Ariko niki kigira icyo gikoreshwa cyane?
Muri iki kiganiro, tuzashakisha imitungo ya plastiki p plastiki , impamvu ari ngombwa mu nganda zinyuranye, nuburyo byatunganijwe. Uziga kubisabwa, impinduka, nibibazo bitanga.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa polystyrene (PS)?
PS ni polymer. Yakozwe muri Styrene, hydrocarbon y'amazi. Imiti yimiti ya Styrene ni C8h8. Iyo molekile nyinshi za styrene hamwe, zikora polystyrene.
Dore uko ikora:
Monomene Styrene ikuwe muri peteroli.
Izi monomers zikora polymeration.
Igisubizo? Iminyururu miremare yibice bya styrene, ikora polystyrene.
Imiterere yimiti ya PS isa nkiyi:
[-CH (C6H5) -CH2-] n
Aho:
Ch igereranya karubone na atom ya hydrogen
C6H5 ni impeta ya bejezene
N ni umubare wo gusubiramo ibice
Ps plastike iza muburyo butandukanye:
Plastiki ikomeye (mucyo kandi rikomeye)
Ifuro (yoroheje no kwigomeka)
Firime (yoroheje kandi ihindagurika)
Buri fomu ifite imitungo idasanzwe. Bakoreshwa muburyo butandukanye, mugupakira kubaka.
PS izwi kuriyo:
Ibiranga bituma PS ihitamo rikunzwe munganda nyinshi. Nukuri, byoroshye kubumba, no gutangaza gutanga umusaruro.
Mubice bikurikira, tuzibira cyane mumitungo ya PS, porogaramu, nuburyo bwo gutunganya. Uzabona impamvu iyi polymer yoroshye igira uruhare runini mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi.
Imitungo ya polystyrene
Umutungo wa Ps Plastiki
Polystyrene (PS) kwerekana plastike ibintu byinshi bigaragara kumubiri bituma bikwiranye nibisabwa bitandukanye byinganda.
Ubucucike no kugaragara
PS ni uburemere, hamwe n'ubucucike bwa 1.05 G / CM⊃3 ;. Nibyo tad iremereye kuruta amazi!
Mu buryo bukomeye, PS ni:
Ubu buryo butuma butunganye kubisabwa aho bigaragara ari ngombwa.
Ibiranga Ubushyuhe
PS ifite ibintu bishimishije byumuriro:
Ibi bivuze iki? PS itangira koroshya kuri 100 ° C. Irashonga byuzuye kuri 240 ° C.
Umuyoboro wacyo wubushyuhe ni hasi kuri 0.033 w / (M · k). Ibi bituma PS isasu ryiza.
Umutungo w'amashanyarazi
PS irabagirana nkamashanyarazi. Bikunze gukoreshwa mubice bya elegitoroniki no kurya.
Ibintu bya Optique
PS yirata gukorera mu mucyo. Indangagaciro yayo irohama ni 1,59, hejuru kurenza izindi plastiki nyinshi.
Uyu mutungo utuma PS nziza kuri:
Lens
Umucyo uratandukanye
Erekana Imanza
| k'umutungo | agaciro |
| Ubucucike | 1.05 G / CM⊃3; |
| Isura | Mucyo, glossy |
| Gushonga | 240 ° C (464 ° F) |
| Ubushyuhe bw'ikirahure | 100 ° C (212 ° f) |
| Ubushyuhe | 0.033 W / (M · k) |
| Inshinge z'amashanyarazi | Byiza |
| Ibintu bya Optique | Gukorera mu mucyo |
| Indangagaciro | 1.59 |
Imashini ya mashini ya Ps plastiki
Imbaraga no guhinduka
Ps plastiki yerekana imbaraga zishimishije:
Ariko ntabwo byoroshye cyane. Kurangiza kwacyo ku kiruhuko ni 1-2.5% gusa.
Gukomera no kurwanya ingaruka
PS irakomeye, hamwe na rocksell yo gukomera kwa R75-105. Ibi bituma birwanya gushushanya no kwambara.
Ariko, ni umwoganya ufite imbaraga nke. Tera ikintu cya PS, kandi gishobora gucika cyangwa kumenagura.
Gukomera
PS izwiho gukomera kwayo. Nibikoresho bikomeye, kubungabunga imiterere yayo mubihe byinshi.
Dore igereranya ryihuse ryimiterere ya PS:
| k'umutungo | agaciro |
| Imbaraga za Tensile | 30-55 MPA |
| Imbaraga zoroheje | 48-76 MPA |
| Kurangiza | 1-2.5% |
| Gukomera (Rockwell) | R75-105 |
| Imbaraga | Hasi |
| Gukomera | Hejuru |
Iyi mitungo ituma ps nziza kubibazo bimwe:
Kugabanuka gukata
Imanza za CD
Ibikoresho byo gupakira
Kurwanya imiti ya Ps Plastiki
Ps plastiki yo kurwanya imiti ni umufuka uvanze. Ihagurukira ibintu bimwe ariko birahungabana kubandi.
Kurwanya imiti isanzwe
PS yerekana kurwanya ibyiza kuri:
Acide (dilute)
Base
Inzoga
Ibi bituma bikwiranye no murugo no gukora inganda.
Intege nke
Ariko, PS ifite agatsinsino ka Achilles. Birashonga muri:
PS nanone ntabwo yitwara neza:
Acide yihariye
Esters
Ketones
Ibi birashobora gutera PS gutesha agaciro cyangwa gushonga.
UV Kurwanya UV
PS ifite uv yo kurwanya UV. Iyo uhuye nizuba, rikunda:
Umuhondo
Guhinduka
Gutesha agaciro igihe
Ibi bigabanya imikoreshereze yayo muburyo bwo hanze.
Dore imbonerahamwe yihuse:
| amatsinda yimiti | kurwanya |
| Acide | Byiza |
| Base | Byiza |
| Inzoga | Byiza |
| Hydrocarbone | Abakene |
| Hydrocarbone | Abakene |
| Acide yihariye | Abakene |
| Esters | Abakene |
| Ketones | Abakene |
| UV urumuri | Abakene |
Gusaba PS plastiki
Ps plastiki ni bitandukanye bidasanzwe. Ikoreshwa mu nganda zinyuranye, kubipakira kubikoresho byubuvuzi. Reka dusuzume porogaramu yagutse.
Gupakira
Zab yiganje mu isi yapakiye. Uzabibona muri:
Imiterere yoroheje na miterere yo kwigana ituma byiza byo gupakira ibiryo.
Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki
Mu nganda za elegitoroniki, PS ifite uruhare rukomeye:
Inzu y'ibikoresho
Kwinjiza amashanyarazi
Imanza za CD na DVD
Ibikoresho byamashanyarazi bya PS bituma bigenda ibikoresho byo gusaba ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
Inganda zimodoka
Abakora imodoka bakunda PS kubinyuranya nabyo:
PS ifasha kugabanya ibiro by'imodoka, kunoza ubuzima bwa lisansi.
Kubaka
XPS Polystyrene Ikibaho
PS isanga mu nyubako:
Ibiranga imitungo yayo bifasha kunoza imikorere yingufu mu nyubako.
Ubuvuzi na laboratoire
Zab ni ngombwa mubuvuzi nubumenyi:
Ibisobanuro byayo no kurwanya imiti bituma bitunganya ibikoresho bya laboratoire.
Ibindi bikorwa
Guhindura ps kwa PS bigera kubindi bice byinshi:
Ibikinisho n'ibicuruzwa by'abaguzi
Byashobokaga guturika nameza
Icyitegererezo na prototyping
Dore incamake yihuse ya ps Porogaramu
| Porogaramu | : |
| Gupakira | Ibiryo, kurinda ifuro, gucuruza |
| Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki | Amazu, insulation, ibibazo bya CD / DVD |
| Automotive | Imbere mu Imbere, Ibikoresho Ibikoresho, Ibintu byubaka |
| Kubaka | Ububiko, Ibicuruzwa byo gushushanya, beto yoroheje |
| Ubuvuzi / Lab | Ibiryo bya Petri, ibice byo gusuzuma, gupakira ibikoresho |
| Ikindi | Ibikinisho, byashobokaga guturika, prototyping |
Guhindura P PLUST
PS PLACES irashobora guhinduka muburyo butandukanye kugirango yongere imitungo ya porogaramu zitandukanye. Izi mpinduka zirimo copolymers, inyongeramubi, no kwibeshya.
Copolymers no kuvanga
Polystyrene akenshi avanze cyangwa kongereranya nibindi bikoresho kugirango atezimbere kurwanya ingaruka, guhinduka, gushikama.
Ingaruka nyinshi Polystyrene (Ikibuno)
Ikibuno ni PS ufite kugoreka. Birakaze kandi byoroshye guhinduka kuruta ps.
Ibihimbano
Ikibuno gikorwa wongeyeho polybutiene reberi kuri Zab. Ibi bitera sisitemu yimpapuro ebyiri:
Yongerewe Ibintu
Ugereranije PS isanzwe, ikibuno gitanga:
Porogaramu
Ikibuno kibona inzira mubicuruzwa byinshi:
Ikibuno vs Intego rusange PS
| Umutungo Umutungo | Umutungo | rusange PS |
| Imbaraga | Hejuru | Hasi |
| Guhinduka | Byiza | Abakene |
| OPECITY | Opaque | Mu mucyo |
| Igiciro | Hejuru | Munsi |
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)
Abs ni plastike ikomeye ikubiyemo PS. Birazwi ku mbaraga no kurwanya ubushyuhe.
Uruhare rwa PS muri ABS
PS itanga ibs:
Kuringaniza
Korohereza gutunganya
Gloss
Kunoza Ibiranga
ISOKO RIKURIKIRA PS muburyo butandukanye:
Imbaraga Zisumbuye
Kurwanya Ubushyuhe bwiza
Kunoza imiti
Gukoresha ABS
Uzasanga ans muri:
Ibice by'imodoka
Inzu ya elegitoroniki
Sisitemu
Amatafari ya Lego
Andi Zab Copolymers na Blunds
PS ikina neza nabandi. Hano hari ibindi bihinduka bizwi:
Ps-co-methyl methacrylate (psmma)
PSMMA ivanze PS hamwe na methyl methacrylate. Itanga:
Kunoza UV Kurwanya
Gusobanuka neza
Kuzamura imiti
Ikoreshwa mubimenyetso byo hanze ninzira nziza.
Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR)
Sbr ni reberi ya synthique. Byakozwe na copolymerinding styrene hamwe na Butadiene. SBR itanga:
Kurwanya Itara ryiza
Guhaza neza
Imbaraga nyinshi
Uzasanga sbr mumapine yimodoka hamwe ninkweto.
Inkingi hamwe numwuka
Ps plastiki irashobora kwiyongera hamwe ninyongera kugirango wuzuze imikorere yihariye.
Amabara na pigment : Ibi bikoreshwa mugutanga uburyo butandukanye bwo guhitamo amabara, yemerera ibikomoka ku bicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa.
Ntibihagarara : Izi ndwara zitezimbere kurwanya umuriro, bigatuma ibanziriza porogaramu muri elegitoroniki no kubaka.
Guhindura ingaruka : Ibi bikoresho byongerwaho kugirango wongere ubukana bwa PS, kugabanya imyumvire yacyo isanzwe no kwagura imikoreshereze yayo mu turere twiboneye.
Abakozi ba Antistake : Ibi byongewe kugabanya kwiyubaka stact, cyane cyane kubintu bya elegitoroniki aho gusohora gukurikiranwa bishobora kwangirika.
Ibibyimba n'ibikomu
PS irashobora gusunika cyangwa ihujwe nibindi bikoresho kugirango bikore ibicuruzwa byoroheje, bikumirwa.
Kwagura Polystyrene (ePS) : Bikunze gukoreshwa mugushinyagurira no gupakira, eps ni igifu cyoroheje gitanga imitungo yubushyuhe buhebuje.
Polystyrene (XPS) : XPS ifite ubucucike buhebuje kuruta ePS, bigatuma bikwiranye na porogaramu aho kurwanya ubushuhe ari ngombwa, nko kubaka.
PS foam foam hamwe na fibre cyangwa filers : Aba ba comporites: abahimbano bahuza ibikoresho nka fibre yikirahure cyangwa imiterere yubushyuhe bwo kunoza imbaraga, kurwanya ubushyuhe, cyangwa imitungo, bigatuma barushaho gusaba gusaba.
Gutunganya Ps Plastiki
Polystyrene (PS) plastike irashobora gutunganywa ukoresheje uburyo bwinshi, bitewe no gusaba. Buri nzira itanga inyungu zidasanzwe kandi bisaba ibitekerezo byihariye.
Gutera inshinge
Gutera inshinge ni bumwe muburyo busanzwe bwo gutunganya ps plastiki. Harimo gutera inshinge PS muburyo, yemerera ibice bigoye kandi birambuye kugirango birerwe neza.
Gutunganya ibisobanuro nibyiza : PS irashonga kandi iterwa ubumuga aho ikonje kandi ikomeye. Inzira irahuje, igiciro-cyiza, kandi irashobora kubyara imimero yinshi, ibice bifatika hamwe nukuri kwinshi.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gushinyarwa cyabujijwe imiterere PS ibice : Kubera ububinzi bwayo, PS bisaba kwitabwaho byimazeyo ku bwinshi no gushushanya igishushanyo mbonera kugirango wirinde gucika. Byongeye kandi, ibiciro bikonje nubushyuhe bukomeye kugirango bugabanye indwara.
Gukemura ibibazo bisanzwe bitemba : Ibibazo bisanzwe birimo kugabanuka, kurwana, no gucika. Ibi birashobora gukosorwa muguhindura imiterere ya mold, kugenzura inzira yo gukonjesha, no guhindura urutonde rwibikoresho byo gushonga.
Kuzamuka
Kwiyongera nubundi buryo buzwi bwo guhindura p plastike, cyane cyane kubyara imiterere ndende, ikomeza nkuko impapuro, imiyoboro, nimwiyumirwa.
Inzira rusange no gusaba : PS irashonga kandi igahatirwa kuva ipfa kugirango ikore imiterere ihoraho. Bikunze gukoreshwa mugukora impapuro, inkoni, na pisine.
Icyiciro cyibanze cya Ps Plastiki : Icyiciro gitandukanye cya Zab kirahari, buriwese afite agaciro kuri porogaramu zitandukanye, nka firime cyangwa imikino ikaze.
Coextrusion hamwe nabandi polmers : Zabu kandi ushobora guhangana nibindi bikoresho byo kuzamura ibiranga imikorere, nko guhura cyangwa kuramba. Coextrusion yemerera ibicuruzwa byinshi bihuza inyungu zibikoresho bitandukanye.
Theruforming
Ibisobanuro bikubiyemo gushyushya impapuro no kuyashyiraho kubumba. Ubu buryo ni bwiza bwo gukora ibice binini, byoroheje nko gupakira no kuba trays.
Vacuum yo gukora tekinike : Mu mva ya vacuum, urupapuro rwabakishijwe amashingo rwashushanyijeho ubumuga nicyuho. Mu miti ishimishije, igitutu cyinyongera gikoreshwa kugirango ugere kubisobanuro byiza kandi bikarishye.
Urupapuro rurimbuka no kuzunguruka imigezi : Impapuro za PS mubisanzwe ziyobowe nkoresheje ubukana mbere yo gukoreshwa mubikorwa bya theruform. Umuzingo nubundi buryo busanzwe bukoreshwa mugukora gasa.
Amabwiriza yo Gutegura Ibishushanyo : Mugihe ushushanya ibice bya PS muburyo bubi, ubunini bumwe numushinga ukwiye nibyingenzi kugirango urekurwe kandi wirinde kunanuka mu mfuruka.
Ubundi buryo bwo gutunganya
Kurenga uburyo nyamukuru, Ps plastike irashobora gutunganywa hakoreshejwe tekinike yinyongera kugirango yuzuze ibikenewe byihariye.
Guhumuriza kubumba : Zab birashonga kandi bikaba bihuhwa mu butaka bwo kurema ibice by'imyuga, nk'amacupa n'ibikoresho.
Kubumbabukira : Ubu buryo burimo gushyushya PS muburyo bwo kuzunguruka, kurema ibikomoka kuri tanki nini cyangwa ibikoresho byinshi.
Guhungabana : Muburyo bwo kwibumba, PS bishyirwa mububiko bushyushye aho igitutu gikoreshwa kugirango gishyireho ibikoresho. Ubu buhanga ntabwo busanzwe kuri Zab ariko ikoreshwa muburyo bwihariye busaba ibice bikomeye, bikomeye.
Gutunganya no guharanira ibidukikije bya PLUST
PS PLOCES ikoreshwa cyane, ariko ingaruka zibidukikije ni impungenge zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda zigenda. Reka twinjire mubibazo byo gutunganya nibibazo byibidukikije.
Recyclability ya p plastiki
PS irasubirwamo, ariko ntabwo igororoka nkizindi phostique. Dore ibyo ukeneye kumenya:
PS irashobora gusubirwamo inshuro nyinshi nta gihombo kinini
Byagaragaye nuburyo bwo gusubiramo # 6
Ibikoresho byinshi byo gutunganya ntabwo byemera PS kubera gutunganya ibibazo
INGORANE MU GIKORWA CYA RECYCHA
Gutunganya PS ntabwo byoroshye. Inzitizi nyinshi zituma zidasanzwe kurusha izindi plastiki:
Kwanduza: Ibisigazwa byibiribwa akenshi byanduza ibikoresho bya PS
Ubucucike: PS ni umucyo, bigatuma ubwikorezi
Ibisabwa ku isoko: isoko ry'umuntu ku bicuruzwa bya PS
Gutunganya: Ibikoresho byihariye bikenewe kuri Zab
Izi mbogamizi zituma PS itunganya itagabanijwe mubukungu mubikoresho byinshi.
Ibibazo by'ibidukikije
PS yiyerekana ibibazo byinshi bidukikije:
Biodegraduable
PS ntabwo isenyuka bisanzwe. Irashobora gutsimbarara mu bidukikije imyaka amagana.
Imyanda
Ibicuruzwa byoroheje bya PS byoroshye guhinduka imyanda. Bakunze kuboneka mumihanda no mu turere karemano.
Umwanda wa marine
PS ni umusanzu ukomeye wo kwanduza marine. Yavunitse mo uduce duto, kugirira nabi ubuzima bwo mu nyanja.
Ibindi hamwe nibisubizo birambye
Kugira ngo ukemure ibyo bibazo, ubundi buryo bwinshi hamwe nibisubizo biragaragara:
Ubundi buryo
Kunoza Gusubiramo Technologies
Kugabanya ingamba
Guhanga udushya kuri PS recycled PS
Ibikoresho byubwubatsi
Ibiti bya synthetic
Ubuhanzi nubukorikori
Dore kugereranya PS hamwe nubundi buryo
| ibikoresho | biodegraducge | bisubirwamo | : |
| PS | Oya | Yego (bigoye) | Hasi |
| Pla | Yego | Yego | Giciriritse |
| PBS | Yego | Yego | Hejuru |
| Impapuro | Yego | Yego | Hasi |
Ingaruka z'ibidukikije ya PS ni ngombwa. Ariko hamwe nikoranabuhanga rishya nubundi buryo, tujya mubisubizo birambye.
Kugereranya nibindi plastiki
Polystyrene (PS) akenshi ugereranije nizindi plastiki zizwi, buri gihe utanga umusaruro utandukanye. Dore uko PS ikurura kurwanya PP , , na PVC.
PS na pp (PolyproPylene)
Ubucucike : PS ifite ubucucike buhebuje ( 1.05 G / CM⊃3; ) ugereranije na PP, iroroshye ( 0.91 G / CM⊃3; ). Ibi bituma pp ikwiranye no gusaba make.
Guhinduka : PP irahinduka kandi itarebwa kuruta Zab, ikaba byiza kubisabwa bisaba kuramba no kurwanya ingaruka, nkibipfunyika nibice byimodoka.
Gusubiramo : Mugihe plastike zombi zisubirwamo, muri rusange iroroshye kandi zihenze kurushaho gutunganya kurenza Zab, ihura nibibazo kubera imiterere nubusa.
| Umutungo | PS | PP |
| Ubucucike | 1.05 G / CM⊃3; | 0.91 G / CM⊃3; |
| Guhinduka | Kuvunika, bike byoroshye | Byoroshye cyane |
| Recyclability | Biragoye | Byoroshye kandi bikunze kugaragara |
PS Vs. Amatungo (Polyethylene Terephthalate)
Gukorera mu mucyo : PS na Pet birasobanutse, ariko amatungo atanga ibisobanuro neza, bikaba ibikoresho byo guhitamo amacupa y'amazi n'ibikoresho byo kurya ari ngombwa.
Imbaraga : Amatungo arakomeye kandi arushaho ingaruka-kurenza Zab. Itanga kandi kurwanya neza impinduka zubushyuhe, bigatuma ari byiza kubidukikije bishyushye kandi bikonje.
Porogaramu : PS ihitamo ibicuruzwa nka CD na CD imanza, mugihe amatungo akoreshwa mubimenyo, gupakira, hamwe na fibre.
| Umutungo | PS | Pet |
| Mu mucyo | Mu mucyo, birasobanutse | Sobanura |
| Imbaraga | Kuvunika, ntaramba | Gukomera, biramba |
| Gukoresha | Imanza za CD, Insulation | Amacupa y'ibinyobwa, fibre |
PS na PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)
Guhinduka : PVC irahinduka kuruta Zab, iravunika. Ibi bituma PVC ibereye amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi, hamwe nibipfunyika byoroshye.
Kurwanya imiti : PVC itanga imiti myiza ya chimique, cyane cyane kurwanya acide na alkalis, bigatuma iba ikwiranye aho hateganijwe imiti ikaze iteganijwe.
Ingaruka y'ibidukikije : PVC ifite ingaruka zikomeye ku bidukikije kubera kurekura chlorine y'uburozi mu gihe cyo gukora no kujugunywa ku bidukikije.
| Umutungo | PS | PVC |
| Guhinduka | Insinga | Byoroshye |
| Kurwanya imiti | Gushyira mu gaciro | Hejuru |
| Ingaruka y'ibidukikije | Gusubiramo bigoye | Umusaruro wuburozi |
Umwanzuro
Ps plastike iratandukanye kandi ikoreshwa cyane. Birazwi kubwo gusobanuka, gukomera, no gutanga umurego. PS isanga porogaramu mubipfunyika, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, no kubaka.
Impinduka nkikibuno na ab zongera imikorere yayo. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya, harimo kubumba hamwe nogurika, imiterere PS muburyo butandukanye.
Guhitamo uburyo bwiburyo bwa PS nuburyo bwo gutunganya ni ngombwa. Iremeza imikorere myiza muburyo bwihariye. Reba ibintu nk'imbaraga, kurwanya imiti, n'ibidukikije mugihe cyo guhitamo PS.
INAMA: Birashoboka ko ushobora kuba ushishikajwe na plastique yose
