Nɛgɛ min tɛ sɔgɔ, o bɛ dɔn a fanga n’a sɔgɔli fɛ, nka hali o fɛn min bɛ mɛn, o bɛ se ka nɔgɔ cogo dɔw la. Mun na o bɛ kɛ, ani a bɛ se ka bali cogo di? Passivation ye a kun ye. Ni aw ye sanfɛla nɔgɔw bɔ ani k’a ka lakanalan nafama bonya, nɛgɛ min tɛ sɔgɔ, o bɛ se ka sɔgɔli kunbɛn ka ɲɛ.
Nin sɛbɛn in kɔnɔ, an bɛna passivation (passivation) ye min ye, mun na a nafa ka bon, ani a bɛ inox (inox) ka ɲɛnamaya janya cogo min na, o sɛgɛsɛgɛ. Aw bɛna a kɛcogo dɔn, a nafaw, ani a kɛcogo minnu bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw kunbɛncogo ɲuman sɔrɔ.
Passivation ye mun ye?
Passivation bɛ nɛgɛ fini laban nafama dɔ jira min bɛ nɛgɛ intan ka se ka se ka kɛ sababu ye ka fɛnw tiɲɛ. Nin ɲɛda furakɛli fɛɛrɛ in bɛ balilan dɔ lawuli min tɛ se ka kɛ, o bɛ oksidan ni sɔgɔli bali sigida cogoya caman na.
ɲɛfɔli ni kuntilenna .
Passivation bɛ baara kɛ ni furakɛli kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye kemikaliya la - a ka ca a la asidi azotiki walima asidi sitɛrɛtikiw - nɛgɛ bɔli laɲini na nɛgɛmafɛnw na minnu tɛ sɔgɔ. Nin wale kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen in bɛ ɔkisizɛni nafama lamini min falen bɛ chrome la, o ka se ka kɛ sababu ye ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw kunbɛncogo ɲɛ kosɛbɛ.
Nafa jɔnjɔnw ye ninnu ye:
Fɛn min bɛ bonya ka taa a fɛ , o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka sigida nɔgɔli fɛɛrɛw kɛlɛ ka ɲɛ .
Surɔfɛnw nɔgɔli tolenw bɔli u dilanni ni u dilanni baara la .
Ladonni wajibiyalenw dɔgɔyali fura ɲɛnamaya bɛɛ kɔnɔ .
Surface Uniformité (Sɔrɔcogo kelenna) ni a ka ɲɔgɔndɛmɛ ɲɛnabɔlen don yɔrɔw la minnu furakɛra .
dannaya min bɛ caya baara nafamaw la minnu bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka sɔgɔli kɛ .
Tariku yiriwali .
Passivation phenomenon bɔra tutigɛbagaya ɲininiw fɛ san 1800 waatiw la. Fɛn minnu ye fɛnba ye, olu dɔw ye:
San 1800 cɛmancɛ la: Christian Friedrich Schönbein ye 'passive' cogoya sɔrɔ
San 1900 daminɛ na: Asidi azotiki passivation industriel (passivation) industriyali .
1990 sanw: Asidi sitɛrɛtiki wɛrɛw doncogo .
Bi don: Otomatiki sigidaw ni sigida lakanani fɛɛrɛw ɲɛtaa .
Faamuyali passive layer formation .
chromium oxide layer .
Layɛrɛ pasif min bɛ lakana, o bɛ kɛ cogo la min bɛ kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye, a bɛ kɛ cogo ɲuman na. Nin ɔkisizɛni min falen bɛ chrome chromium na, o bɛ se ka kɛ 0,0000001-inch ɲɔgɔn ye - a ka dɔgɔ ni hadamaden kunsigi ye siɲɛ 100 000 ɲɔgɔn.
Oksizɛni jɔyɔrɔba .
Layɛrɛ pasif bɛ yiriwa ni jɛɲɔgɔnya gɛlɛn ye:
Kɔrɔmu hakɛ min bɛ sɔrɔ inox kɔnɔ .
Oksizɛni sɔrɔli ka bɔ sigida la .
Surface conditions ani saniya .
funteni ni nɛnɛ hakɛ .
Natural passivation factors .
Surface cogoyaw .
Fɛn caman bɛ nɔ bila passive layer formation (layɛrɛli pasif) sɔrɔli la:
Sigida laminiko nɔfɛkow .
Fɛn minnu bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛ, olu ye:
| factor | optimal range | impact . |
| oksizɛni hakɛ . | Fiɲɛbɔlan (21%) . | A nafa ka bon oksizɛni sɔrɔli la . |
| Goniyahakɛ | 68-140°F (20-60°C) | A bɛ nɔ bila formation hakɛ la . |
| Sumaya | 30-70% . | influences layer qualité . |
| pH . | 6-8 . | A bɛ nɔ bila surface reactions . |
Industriw ka baarakɛminɛnw .
Passivation b’a jira ko a nafa ka bon seko ni dɔnko siratigɛ la:
Dɔgɔtɔrɔso minɛnw dilanni min bɛ biyocompatibilité sariya gɛlɛnw de wajibiya .
aerospace components demande resistance exceptionnelle .
Dumunifɛnw dilanni minɛn minnu bɛ saniya cogoyaw mara .
kemikɛli baarakɛcogo sigidaw minnu bɛ sigida juguw ɲɛnabɔ .
Fɛn minnu bɛ se ka kɛ tiɲɛ ye, olu bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka baara kɛ ni dannaya ye min bɛ mɛn sen na .
Passivation processus pour les enailles inox .
Inox passivation nafa bɛ bɔ kosɛbɛ taabolo sugandili n’a waleyali la. Bi pasisi fɛɛrɛw bɛ fɛɛrɛ suguya caman di, u kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ na ni nafa kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye baara kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw na.
Asidi azote passivation .
Asidi azote passivation tora industry standard ye walasa ka se ka sɔgɔli kɛcogo ɲuman sɔrɔ nɛgɛw la minnu tɛ sɔgɔ.
Process Parameters
| Parameters | Range | Conditions optimales . |
| Concentration . | 20-50% . | 25-30% . |
| Goniyahakɛ | 49-60°C . | 55°C . |
| Immersion waati . | 20-60 min . | 30 min . |
Sodium dichromate enhancement .
Ni aw ye dikɔrɔmu natɔmu (2-6 wt%) fara a kan, o bɛ:
A teliyalen passive layer formation fɛ ka tɛmɛ oxidation potentiel kan .
Lakanali ɲɛnabɔlen ka ɲɛsin chromium inox gradew ma .
Farati min bɛ flash binkanni farati la baarakɛ waati la .
Surface Uniformité (Sɔrɔyɔrɔ kelen) min bɛ bonya ka tɛmɛ furakɛli yɔrɔw kan .
Ladilikan minnu bɛ sɔrɔ kalanso kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw na .
Inox suguya wɛrɛw bɛ furakɛli kɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw de wajibiya:
Austenitic (300 Series):
Martensitic (400 Series):
Asidi azotiki hakɛ caman (40-50%) minnu bɛ fɔ .
Funteni hakɛ dɔgɔyali: 40-50°C .
Baarakɛwaati janyalen: miniti 45-60 .
Nafaw ni dantigɛliw .
Nafaw:
Nafa sabatilen don nɛgɛdaga caman kɔnɔ minnu bɛ kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye .
Teliya la, layɛrɛ passif (passif) sɔrɔli cogoya kɔrɔsilenw na .
Jateminɛw bɛ kɛ minnu bɛ bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma ni baarakɛcogo misaliw ye minnu bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni sariya ye .
Jogoɲumanya kɛlɛli fɛɛrɛw sɛbɛnnen don koɲuman .
dɛsɛw: .
Sigida haminankow ka ɲɛsin asidi bɔli ma ani sisi bɔli ma .
Lakanali wajibiyalenw ka caya asidi caman tali la .
Farati minnu bɛ se ka kɛ flash binkanni na, olu bɛ se ka kɛ cogo bɛnbaliw la .
Asidi sitɛrɛtiki passivation .
Nin fɛɛrɛ wɛrɛ min bɛ sigida lakana, o bɛ nafa suma ni asidi azotiki laadalata ye.
Taabolow ɲɛfɔcogo
| funteni hakɛ | hakɛ | fitinin immersion waati . |
| 60-71°C . | 4-10% . | Miniti 4 . |
| 49-60°C . | 4-10% . | Miniti 10 . |
| 38-48°C . | 4-10% . | Miniti 20 . |
| 21-37°C . | 4-10% . | Miniti 30 . |
Sɛgɛsɛgɛli min bɛ kɛ ni ɲɔgɔn ye .
Nafaw:
Sigida laminiko sabatili fɛɛrɛ .
Farati minnu bɛ se ka kɛ baarakɛlaw ye, olu bɛ dɔgɔya .
Nɔgɔw furakɛcogo nɔgɔmanw .
FDA GRAS (a ka c’a la, a bɛ dɔn ko a tɛ mɔgɔ tɔɔrɔ) .
Dantigɛliw:
baarakɛwaati janw funteni dɔgɔyali la .
Sensibilité ka bon ka se bath nɔgɔli ma .
A ka ca a la furaji caman cili wajibiyalenw .
Furakɛli sani furakɛli ka kɛ .
Surface labɛnni ɲuman bɛ nɔba bila passivation (passivation) ɲɛtaa la.
Fɛn minnu nafa ka bon .
Alkali saniyacogo:
A bɛ nɔgɔw bɔ u dilanni ni u minɛcogo la .
A bɛ dugukolo tuluw bɔ yen minnu bɛ asidi ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔli ɲuman bali .
A bɛ surface conditions ɲumanw Dabɔ passivation (passivation) kɛcogo nataw kama .
Ji kocogo ɲuman:
Koli kɛcogo caman bɛ a to nɔgɔ bɔli dafalen .
Ji deyonized bɛ dɔ bɔ minɛnw na minnu bɛ sɔrɔ yɔrɔ furakɛlenw kan .
pH kɔlɔsili min bɛ kɔlɔsi, o bɛ kemikoro tacogo bali fɛɛrɛw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ .
Fɛn minnu bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka ɲɛtaa sɔrɔ:
Aw bɛ yɔrɔ nɔgɔlenw bɛɛ bɔ ka sɔrɔ ka asidi furakɛ.
Furakɛcogo ɲuman ladonni ani sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo basigilenw .
sigida cogoyaw kɔlɔsili baara bɛɛ kɔnɔ .
Saniya taabolo sigilenw labatoli gɛlɛn .
Passivation fɛɛrɛ wɛrɛw .
Electrochimique passivation .
Nin fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen in bɛ nafa kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw di:
A teliyalen passive layer formation ni kuran potentiel appliqué .
Kɔrɔsili min bɛ bonya oksizɛni layɛrɛ janya kan .
Uniformité (kelenya) ɲɛnabɔlen don jateminɛ gɛlɛnw kan .
Baarakɛwaati min bɛ dɔgɔya baara kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw kama .
Furakɛcogo wɛrɛw .
Passivation technologies (passivation technologies) minnu bɛ ka bɔ kɛnɛ kan, olu dɔw ye:
Asidi organique formulations propriétés .
Asidi ɲagaminenw ka baarakɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw .
Furakɛcogo kura minnu bɛ kɛ ni kemikɛli ye fɛn gɛlɛnw na .
Sigida-la-ko-ɲɛnabɔli-minɛnw labɛncogo minnu bɛ sɔrɔ sigida la .
Kɔlɔsili: Taabolo sugandili ka kan ka jateminɛ kɛ fɛnw hakɛ la, baarakɛcogo wajibiyalenw, sigida koɲɛw, ani sɔrɔko jateminɛw.
Fɛn minnu bɛ nɔ bila baara kɛcogo ɲuman na .
Passivation (passivation) ɲɛtaa bɛ bɔ fɛn caman na minnu nafa ka bon. Nin fɛn ninnu faamuyali bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka sanfɛla lakanani ɲuman sɔrɔ ani ka sɔgɔli kuntaalajan kɛ.
Surface labɛnni impact .
Surface labɛnni ɲuman bɛ nɔ bila passivation quality la. Labɛncogo bɛɛjɛfanga dɔ ye:
Saniya taabolo nafamaw .
Degreasing fɔlɔ bɛ tulu dilanni ni masinw ka ji tolenw bɔ ka ɲɛ .
Mekaniki saniya bɛ nɛgɛ fɛnɲɛnamaw bɔ a la ka bɔ fɛn dilanni na .
kemikaliya saniya bɛ yɔrɔ sanfɛla oksidanw wuli ani ka dugukolo sanfɛla cogoya kelenw dilan .
Koli siɲɛ caman bɛ a to saniyalan tolenw bɔli dafalen .
Nɔgɔ bɔli kɔrɔlen .
Surface Nɔgɔ minnu bɛ sɔrɔ tuma caman na minnu bɛ bɔli wajibiya: Nɔgɔ
| suguya | nɔ min bɛ sɔrɔ passivation | bɔli fɛɛrɛ la . |
| Masina tuluw . | A bɛ asidi ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔli bali . | Alkaline degreasing . |
| Nɛgɛmafɛnw . | A bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka surface rust . | Asidi saniyali . |
| Scale oxide . | Blocks passivation . | Mekaniki/misiki bɔli . |
| Butigi nɔgɔ . | A bɛ dɔ bɔ a nafa la . | Ultrasonic saniya . |
Fɛn minnu bɛ kɛ ni fɛnw ye .
Kalansen kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ka jateminɛ .
Inox suguya wɛrɛw bɛ fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw de wajibiya:
Surface Finish effects .
Surface characteristics bɛ nɔba bila passivation jaabiw la:
Surfaces gɛlɛnw:
Yɔrɔ min bɛ caya, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka passivation (passivation) kɛ waati jan kɔnɔ .
Faratiba min bɛ nɔgɔw marali la surface irregularités kɔnɔ .
Saniya sabatili sariyaw minnu ka kan ka kɛ walasa ka furakɛli kɛ ka ɲɛ .
Surfaces (yɔrɔw) minnu bɛ sɔgɔ:
Layɛrɛ passive (pasisi) formation (passive layer formation) caman bɛ sɔrɔ surfaces (yɔrɔw) nɔgɔlenw kan .
Baarakɛwaati min bɛ dɔgɔya, o bɛ lakana hakɛ ɲininenw sɔrɔ .
yecogo ɲuman yecogo ɲuman kɔfɛ passivation dafalen kɔfɛ .
Sumaya baarakɛcogo min bɛ kɛ ni funteni ye .
welding effects .
yɔrɔ minnu bɛ funteni sɔrɔ, olu bɛ jateminɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen de wajibiya passiw furakɛli waati la .
Weld Scale bɔli ka kan ka kɛ ka kɔn passivation processes si ɲɛ .
Passivation paramètres modifiés minnu ka kan ka kɛ welda yɔrɔw la .
Funteni furakɛli jateminɛw .
Nɛnɛ bɛ kɛ cogo ɲuman na ka ɲɛsin yɔrɔw ma minnu bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛ.
Funteni hakɛ kunbɛnni bɛ oksizɛni sɔrɔli laɲinibali bali .
Sumaya kɔfɛ furakɛli bɛ oksidan funteni bɔ .
Sigidako koɲɛw .
Laminiko paramɛtiri jɔnjɔnw minnu bɛ nɔ bila walekɛbaliya la:
Funteni hakɛ: 68-140°F (20-60°C) Nɔgɔya: 30-70% Fiɲɛ hakɛ: A saniyalen, buguri tɛ min na: Fiɲɛ ɲɔgɔn falen bɛ
Fɛnɲɛnɛma ɲɛnabɔli .
Nɔgɔya kunbɛnni .
Solution nɔgɔya sɔrɔyɔrɔw bɛ kɔlɔsili de wajibiya:
Nɛgɛ fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw minnu bɛ bɔ yɔrɔw la minnu dilannen don, olu nɔgɔlen don passivation baths .
drag-in ka bɔ koli la min ma ɲɛ, o bɛ kemikoro laɲinitaw jira .
fiɲɛ nɔgɔli bɛ nɔ bila furaji la waati kɔnɔ .
Nɔgɔya bɛ kɛ fɛn suguya wɛrɛw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ .
Quality Maintenance Protocoles .
Ladonni kɛcogo nafamaw dɔw ye:
Baarakɛcogo jiralanw .
Jogoɲumanya jiralanw ka ɲɛsin baara kɛcogo ɲuman ma:
Surface yecogo: .
A bɛ kɛ cogo kelen na, a saniyalen don, a ɲɛ tɛ a la walima a tɛ kɛ ni nɔgɔ ye .
Nɔgɔ nɔw walima dugukolo yɔrɔw tiɲɛniw tɛ yen .
Fini min bɛ to ka kɛ yɔrɔw la minnu furakɛra .
Corrosion resistance:
A bɛ tɛmɛ ni kɔgɔ fiyɛli sɛgɛsɛgɛli sariyaw ye minnu bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni sariya ye .
o bɛ oksidan taamasiɲɛ si jira nɛnɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛliw la .
A bɛ lakanani jogo mara cogoya la min bɛ kɛ .
KƆLƆSI: O kow kɔlɔsili ni u ladilanni tuma bɛɛ bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka baara kɛcogo ɲuman sabati.
Industriw ka sariyaw ni u ka fɛnsɛbɛnniw .
Industriw ka sariyaw bɛ baara kɛcogo ɲuman sabati fɛn dilanni sigidaw la. Nin fɛn ɲɛfɔlen ninnu bɛ laadilikan caman di baarakɛcogo kɔlɔsili kan, sɛgɛsɛgɛli sariyaw kan, ani sɔnni sariyaw kan.
ASTM ka sariyaw lajɛlen .
ASTM A967 .
Nin sariyaba in bɛ furakɛli kɛcogo misali jira kemikɛli la nɛgɛmafɛnw yɔrɔw la.
Sariyabaju dɔw ye:
Asidi azotiki furakɛli fɛɛrɛ duuru minnu bɛ danfara la, olu bɛ baara kɛcogo caman dafa .
Asidi sitɛrɛtiki passivation fɛɛrɛ saba minnu bɛ ɲɛ ka ɲɛ funteni suguya wɛrɛw la .
Kɔrɔbɔli kɛcogo ɲɛfɔlenw bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka baara kɛcogo ɲuman sabati baara suguya caman kɔnɔ .
Sɔn-ni-sɔn-cogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw minnu sinsinnen bɛ baarakɛminɛnw baarakɛcogo laɲinitaw kan .
Furakɛli fɛɛrɛw Tablo:
| Fɛɛrɛ | suguya funteni hakɛ | hakɛ | fitinin waati . |
| Nitrique 1 . | 120-130°F . | 20-25% . | 20 min . |
| Nitrique 2 . | 70-90°F . | 20-45% . | 30 min . |
| Sitɛrɛsi 1 . | 140-160°F . | 4-10% . | 4 min . |
| Sitɛrɛsi 2 . | 120-140°F . | 4-10% . | 10 min . |
ASTM A380 .
Nin sariya in bɛ saniya, descaling ani passivation kɛcogo jɔnjɔnw sigi sen kan.
A yɔrɔ nafamaw:
Surface labɛnni wajibiyalenw ɲɛfɔlen don ka ɲɛsin passivation results ɲumanw ma .
Kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, furajiw labɛncogo ɲɛfɔli sariyaw .
Taabolow kɔlɔsili paramɛtiriw bɛ furakɛli jogo sariyaw sabatili sabati .
Sɛgɛsɛgɛli fɛɛrɛw bɛɛ lajɛlen minnu bɛ furakɛli nafa tiɲɛ .
ASTM F86 .
Kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, a sinsinnen bɛ furakɛli minɛnw baarakɛcogo kan.
Yɔrɔ fɔlɔ minnu ɲɛsinnen bɛ o ma:
Saniyako gɛlɛnw ka ɲɛsin furakɛli baarakɛlaw ka ɲɛfɔliw ma .
Taabolow kɔlɔsili paramɛtiriw yiriwara ka ɲɛsin biyocompatibilité sariyaw ma .
Kɔrɔbɔli kɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw minnu bɛ furakɛli-grade surface conditions tiɲɛ .
Sɛbɛnw wajibiyalenw minnu bɛ sariyaw labatoli magow dɛmɛ .
Industriw ka sariyaw wɛrɛw .
AMS 2700 .
Aerospace material specification min bɛ passivation wajibiyalenw ɲɛfɔ.
Fɛɛrɛw danfara:
Fɛɛrɛ 1 : Asidi azotiki laadalata taabolo .
Fɛɛrɛ 2nan : asidi sitɛrɛtiki furakɛli minnu bɛ sigida lakana .
Kɔrɔbɔli wajibiyalenw ka da aerospace baarakɛminɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw kan .
Jogoɲumanya fɛɛrɛw sabatili fɛɛrɛw bɛ sɔrɔ cogo basigilen na .
Furakɛli suguyaw: suguya 1: Asidi azotiki suguya 2: Asidi azotiki suguya 3: Asidi azotiki suguya 4 suguya 4: fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ka ɲɛsin nɛgɛw ma
QQ-P-35 Evolution .
A daminɛ na, sɔrɔdasi ka ɲɛfɔli dɔ don, min bɛ AMS 2700 nɔ na sisan.
Tariku nafa:
Paramɛtɛrɛw minnu bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛsin basigi ma, olu sigilen bɛ .
min ye nɔ bila sisan sariyaw labɛnni na .
Basi dilen don bi sɛgɛsɛgɛli fɛɛrɛw la .
A dabɔra ka ɲɛsin baarakɛcogo sɛbɛnw ma .
BS EN 2516 .
Erɔpu sariya sinsinnen bɛ aerospace baarakɛcogo kan.
Taabolow danfara: .
Class C1: Austenitic and Precipitation-Hardening Grades .
CLASS C2: Alli minnu bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ .
Class C3: Nɛgɛ minnu bɛ kɛ ni kuromu ye .
Class C4: Martensitic ni ferritic grades standards .
ISO 16048 .
Dugukolo kan sariya sigili diɲɛ passivation wajibiyalenw kan.
Fɛn minnu ye fɛnba ye:
Dugukolo kan sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo bɛnkan .
Standardized Process Control Paramɛtɛrɛw .
diɲɛ bɛɛ ka sɔnni sariyaw .
Duniya bɛɛ ka sɛbɛnw wajibiyalenw .
Gafe min bɛ wele ko Standard Selection Guide .
Aw ye nin ko ninnu jateminɛ ni aw bɛ sariyaw sugandi minnu bɛ sirataama:
| Aplikasiɔn | fɔlɔ sariya | dɛmɛni sariya . |
| Furakɛli | ASTM F86 . | ASTM A967 . |
| Aerospace . | AMS 2700 . | BS EN 2516 . |
| General Industrie . | ASTM A967 . | ASTM A380 . |
| Diɲɛfanbɛ | ISO 16048 . | Marabolow ka sariyaw . |
waleyali wajibiyalenw .
Ɲɛtaa minnu bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛsin sariyaw labatoli ma:
Sɛbɛnw sigicogo:
Detailed Process Control Records Tracking furakɛli paramɛtiriw bɛɛ lajɛlen .
Kɔrɔbɔli sɛbɛnw bɛɛ lajɛlen minnu bɛ baara kɛcogo ɲuman tiɲɛ .
Kalibreli sɛbɛnw bɛ kɛ tuma bɛɛ ka sumani kɛcogo ɲuman sabati .
Matériel complet de traceabilité de contrôle de contrôle qualité qualité
Quality Control:
Taabolow sɛgɛsɛgɛli basigilen bɛ furakɛli jaabiw sabatili sabati .
baarakɛlaw ka kalan bolodalenw minnu bɛ seko ni dɔnko hakɛw mara .
Minɛnw ladonni waati bolodalenw bɛ baara kɛcogo ɲuman sabati .
Solution analyse protocoles minnu bɛ kemikɛli kɛcogo wajibiyalenw tiɲɛ .
Kɔlɔsili: Sariyaw wajibiyalenw bɛ wuli ka taa a fɛ. Seginkanni bɛ kɛ tuma bɛɛ, o bɛ a to a ka kan ka labato.
Passivation sɛgɛsɛgɛli ni a sɛgɛsɛgɛli .
Sɛgɛsɛgɛli ɲuman bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka furakɛli kɛcogo ɲuman sɔrɔ. Kɔrɔbɔli fɛɛrɛ caman bɛ dugukolo sanfɛla lakanani jogo tiɲɛni bɛɛ lajɛlen di.
Sɛgɛsɛgɛli yelen .
Jogoɲini fɔlɔ bɛ daminɛ ni ɲɛnayeli sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye ni hakili ye.
Sɛgɛsɛgɛli yɔrɔ kolomaw:
A sanfɛla bɛ i ko a saniyalen don, a bɛ kɛ cogo kelen na, wa a tɛ ɲɛ walima a tɛ kɛ fɛn ye .
Nɔgɔ yɔrɔ yetaw tɛ a jira ko nɛgɛ bɔli bɛnnen don ka ɲɛ .
Etching tɛ yen, o bɛ furakɛli kɛcogo bɛnnenw jira minnu bɛ bɛn .
Surface finish constant cheveux au tres trerats .
Ji jiginni sɛgɛsɛgɛli .
Kɔrɔbɔli sariyakolo .
Nin sɛgɛsɛgɛli jɔnjɔn in bɛ yɔrɔw jira minnu bɛ kɛ ni passi ye ji sanuman na, o bɛ nɔgɔ jira.
Taabolo
Aw bɛ a sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ ka ɲɛ sani aw ka a daminɛ ka a yɛrɛ su ji la .
Aw bɛ samples su ji la min bɛ kɛ ka a kɛ sanga 24 kɔnɔ .
Aw bɛ ji funteni mara so cogoyaw la (68-72°F) .
Aw bɛ yɔrɔ cogoya kɔlɔsi sɛgɛsɛgɛli waati bɛɛ la .
jaabiw sɛgɛsɛgɛli .
Pass: Nɔgɔ yɔrɔ si tɛ ye sanga 24 kɔnɔ .
Dɛsɛ: Rust Formation bɛ passivation (passivation) dafalen jira .
Dankan: Yeelen nɔgɔli bɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛli wɛrɛw kɛ .
Test min bɛ kɛ ni nɛnɛba ye .
Kɔrɔbɔli fɛɛrɛ .
Tests sample performance (sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo misali) ji jugumanba cogoyaw la.
| Paramɛtiriw | ka ɲɛfɔli | muɲuni . |
| Goniyahakɛ | 95°F . | ±3°F . |
| Sumaya | 100% . | -0% . |
| Don hakɛ | sanga 24 . | +0/-1 lɛrɛ . |
Jateminɛ sariyaw .
A bɛ se ka sɔn: A ma kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ ye a jirali kɔfɛ .
A tɛ sɔn ka kɛ: nɔgɔ bɔli walima a sanfɛla tiɲɛni .
Monitor: Surface changes minnu bɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛli wɛrɛw wajibiya .
Kɔgɔji sɛgɛsɛgɛli .
Sariyakolo jɔnjɔnw .
A teliya la, a bɛ kɛ ni kɔgɔji ye.
Kɔrɔbɔli paramɛtiriw
Furakɛcogo: 5% NaClTemperature: 95°F (35°C) A kuntaala: Lɛrɛ 2-48 Furakɛcogo: A bɛ taa ɲɛ
Baara kɛcogo jateminɛ .
Aw bɛ sɛbɛnni kɛ sɔgɔli fɛn o fɛn na sɛgɛsɛgɛli waati la .
Surɔfɛnw tiɲɛni hakɛ suman a sɔrɔli kɔfɛ .
Aw ye jaabiw suma ni sɔnni sariyaw ye .
Aw ye fotota daliluw sɛbɛn sɛgɛsɛgɛli jaabiw kan .
Kupu sulfate sɛgɛsɛgɛli .
Fɛɛrɛw lajɛcogo .
Teliya sɛgɛsɛgɛli min bɛ nɛgɛ nɔgɔlenw sɔrɔ fu.
Taabolow taabolo .
Aw bɛ kuran sulfate solution kɛ ka a lajɛ a ɲɛda la .
Aw bɛ ji mara miniti wɔɔrɔ kɔnɔ .
Aw bɛ kuran plating formation o formation (Plating formation) bɛɛ kɔlɔsi .
Sɛbɛnw sɛgɛsɛgɛli jaabiw o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ .
Résultats ka faamuyali .
Pass: Copper Deposits si tɛ bɔ .
Dɛsɛ: Kupu plati yelen bɛ sɔrɔ .
Invalid: Test surface bɛ interférence jira .
Electrochimique sɛgɛsɛgɛli .
Polarisation potentiodynamique .
Kɔrɔbɔli ɲɛtaa bɛ kunnafoni caman di sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ kunbɛnni kunnafoniw kan:
Sumanw bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka yɔrɔw furakɛ minnu furakɛra .
A bɛ layɛrɛw tilacogo pasifw latigɛ .
A bɛ pitting (pitting) sɔrɔli hakɛw dɔn .
A bɛ lakana bɛɛ lajɛlen nafa hakɛ fɔ .
Spectroscopie impedance .
Nin fɛɛrɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛlen in b’a jira ko:
passif layer thickness variations across treated surfaces .
Dacogo sabatili sigida cogoya caman na .
Lakanali kuntaalajan baarakɛcogo ɲɛfɔli .
Detailed surface resistance characteristics .
Jogoɲini waleyali .
Elements nafamaw .
Jogoɲumanya sabatili bɛ ɲini:
Kɔrɔbɔli bolodalenw waleyali tuma bɛɛ Production Batches kɔnɔ .
Taabolo sɛbɛnnenw bɛ jateminɛ kɛcogo basigilenw sabati .
Minɛnw jateminɛlenw bɛ sumani kɛcogo ɲuman mara .
Baarakɛlaw minnu kalanna, olu bɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo sariyalenw kɛ .
Sɛbɛnw ka ɲininiw .
Aw ye sɛbɛnw mara:
sɛgɛsɛgɛli jaabiw bɛɛ bɛ passivation effectivement measurements jira .
Minɛnw jateminɛ kunnafoniw minnu bɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛli tiɲɛni sariyaw sabati .
Taabolow kɔlɔsili paramɛtiriw bɛ furakɛli kɛcogo jira .
Labɛnni minnu bɛ kɛ ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ minnu ma ɲɛ .
Fɛɛrɛ ɲumanw .
Ɲɛtaako minnu bɛ yen, olu dɔw ye:
Kɔrɔbɔli fɛɛrɛ caman bɛ tiɲɛni bɛɛ lajɛlen di .
Baarakɛlaw ka kalan kɛli tuma bɛɛ walasa ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo ɲumanw sabati .
Detailed record-keeping support quality documentation .
Ɲɛtaa sabatili ka da sɛgɛsɛgɛli jaabiw kan .
Kɔlɔsili: Kɔrɔbɔli sugandili bɛ bɔ baarakɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw na ani izini sariyaw la.
Testing frequency guide
| production volume | sɛgɛsɛgɛli frequency methods | recommandé méthodes |
| A ka ca . | Batch kelen-kelen bɛɛ . | Visual + ji jiginni . |
| Volume moyenne . | Don o don | Sanfɛ + Kɔrɔbɔli sɛgɛsɛgɛli . |
| Volume caman . | Shift kelen-kelen bɛɛ . | Sɛgɛsɛgɛli minnu bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni sariya ye . |
| Critical Parts . | 100% sɛgɛsɛgɛli . | Kɔrɔbɔliw bɛɛ + Electrochimique . |
Gɛlɛyaw ɲɛnabɔli Passivation koɲɛw la .
Passivation (passivation) ɲɛtaa bɛ ɲini ka jateminɛ kɛ kosɛbɛ taabolo paramɛtɛrɛw la. Ko minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na, olu faamuyali bɛ dɛmɛ ka jogoɲumanya sariyaw mara minnu bɛ bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma.
Gɛlɛya minnu bɛ sɔrɔ tuma caman na .
Surface labɛnni koɲɛw .
Saniya sɔrɔcogo jugu bɛ na ni gɛlɛya caman ye:
Tumu tolenw bɛ asidi kelen ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔli bali yɔrɔw la .
Nɛgɛmafɛnw donlenw bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka u sigiyɔrɔw sɔgɔ yɔrɔ dafalenw kan .
Scale deposits bɛ dankari kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni passive layer formation ye .
Manufacturing Nɔgɔw bɛ furakɛli jaabiw sɔrɔ minnu tɛ kelen ye .
Process Control Failures
| Paramɛtiriw | koɲɛnabɔli | . | ɲɛnabɔli |
| Asidi hakɛ . | A ka dɔgɔ kojugu . | Passivation dafabali . | Aw bɛ a sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ don o don . |
| Goniyahakɛ | A tɛ bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma . | Furakɛli min tɛ kelen ye . | Kɔlɔsili Sistɛmu sigili . |
| Immersion waati . | A tɛ se ka kɛ . | Layer passif barikama . | Waleya waati kɔlɔsiliw waleyali . |
| Bain chimie . | A nɔgɔlen don . | Flash Attack risk . | sɛgɛsɛgɛli basigilen sɛgɛsɛgɛli . |
Dɛsɛ dɔnni .
yecogo jiralanw .
Passivation dɛsɛ taamasiɲɛ minnu bɛ sɔrɔ tuma caman na, olu dɔw ye:
Surface diversité bɛ kemikaliya kɛcogo juguw jira .
Rust Spots bɛ nɛgɛ bɔli fu ye min tɛ se ka kɛ .
Yɔrɔ minnu sɛbɛnnen don, olu b’a jira ko asidi caman sɔrɔli kojugu .
Yeelen minnu tɛ kelen ye, olu bɛ taabolo bɛnbaliya jira .
sɛgɛsɛgɛli dɛsɛw .
Kɔrɔbɔli koɲɛw jɔnjɔnw:
Ji jiginni sɛgɛsɛgɛliw minnu bɛ nɔgɔ bɔli daminɛ joona .
Nɛnɛba jirali min bɛ surface protection gaps jira .
Kɔgɔji sɛgɛsɛgɛli min b’a jira ko sɔgɔli tɛ se ka kɛ .
Kupu sulfate sɛgɛsɛgɛliw bɛ nɛgɛ tolen tolen sɔrɔ .
Root Cause Analysis .
Taabolo bɛrɛbɛrɛw .
Fɛn minnu ka kan ka sɛgɛsɛgɛ, olu ka kan ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ:
- Baarakɛyɔrɔ: 70-160°F - Kɔlɔsili kɛcogo: Lɛrɛ - Kalibreli: Dɔgɔkun - Sɛbɛnw: BatchSolution kelen-kelen bɛɛ ɲɛnabɔli: - Concentration checks: Daily - Nɔgɔya Kɔrɔbɔli: Dɔgɔkun - Kalansenw: kalolabɔ: Batch kelen-kelen bɛɛ: Batch kelen-kelen bɛɛ
Minɛnw ka fɛnw .
Ko minnu bɛ tali kɛ minɛnw na minnu bɛ tali kɛ ɲɔgɔn na:
Funteni hakɛ kɔlɔsili siraw bɛ baarakɛcogo bɛnbaliw mara .
Filtration systems bɛ sira di nɔgɔ bɔli ma solution tankiw kɔnɔ .
ɲagami minɛnw bɛ furaji lamagacogo ɲuman di furakɛli waati la .
Racking fɛɛrɛw bɛ ɲɛnabɔli yɔrɔw labɛn minnu tɛ kelen ye .
Waleya minnu bɛ kɛ ka mɔgɔw latilen .
Jaabiw teliya la .
Aw ye kɔrɔtɔko koɲɛw ɲɛnabɔ ni nin ye:
Furakɛli teliya la ni nɔgɔ hakɛ tɛmɛna dan kan .
Jaabi teliya la funteni hakɛ kunbɛnni ladilanni minnu bɛ cogoya ɲumanw mara .
Saniyali teliya protocol modifications ka ɲɛsin surface labɛnni ɲuman ma .
Taabolow labɛncogo kura waleyali teliya .
furakɛli kuntaalajanw .
Fɛɛrɛw tigɛ minnu bɛ sabati:
Fɛɛrɛw kɔlɔsili sitɛmuw ɲɛtaa siratigɛ la, olu bɛ paramɛtiri kɔrɔlenw nɔfɛtaama ka taa a fɛ .
Otomatikiw ka kunnafonidilanw ka baarakɛcogo basigilenw mara .
Ladonni waati bolodalenw ɲɛnabɔra minnu bɛ minɛnw ko ɲɛnabɔ .
Baarakɛlaw ka kalan bolodalenw kurayali minnu bɛ taabolo ɲumanw sabati .
Banakunbɛn fɛɛrɛw .
Taabolow kɔlɔsili .
Bana kunbɛncogo nafamaw:
Fɛɛrɛ ɲumanw waleyali .
Jogoɲumanya sabatili fɛɛrɛw:
Baarakɛlaw ka kalan wajibiyalenw:
Sɛbɛn fɔlɔ min bɛ taabolo dɔnniya sabati .
Kunnafoni kura minnu bɛ sɔrɔ tuma bɛɛ, olu bɛ taabolo ɲɛtaa ɲɛfɔ .
Gɛlɛya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ɲɛnabɔli kalan min bɛ kuma kow kan minnu bɛ kɛ tuma bɛɛ .
Sɛbɛnw kalanni min bɛ sɛbɛnw mara minnu bɛ tiɲɛ .
Taabolo sɛbɛnw:
Baarakɛcogo ɲɛfɔlenw bɛ don o don baarakɛcogo ɲɛminɛ .
Jogoɲini sɛgɛsɛgɛli yɔrɔw sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo sariyaw labatoli .
Ladonni waati bolodalenw bɛ minɛnw dannaya sabati .
Gɛlɛyaw ɲɛnabɔli protocol minnu bɛ jogoɲumanya koɲɛw ɲɛnabɔ .
Jogoɲumanya kɔlɔsili .
Aw ye taabolo kɔlɔsili sabati:
| kɔlɔsili yɔrɔ | frequency | wale hakɛ | jaabi . |
| Goniyahakɛ | Lɛrɛ o lɛrɛ . | ±5°F . | ladilanni teliya la . |
| Concentration . | Don o don | ±2% . | Fɛnɲɛnɛma latilenni . |
| Nɔgɔya . | Dɔgɔkun o dɔgɔkun . | Set Limits . | Bath replacement . |
| Surface Quality . | Batch kelen-kelen bɛɛ . | sariyaw . | Taabolo lajɛ . |
KƆLƆSI: Kɔlɔsili kɛli tuma bɛɛ, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka baara kɛcogo caman bali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na.
Farankan
Passivation (passivation) nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ walasa ka inox (inox) ka muɲuli ni a ka sɔgɔli kunbɛn. Ni nɔgɔw bɔra ani ka chromium oxide layer protectif (kɔrɔma) bonya, passivation (passivation) ɲuman bɛ a to stainless steel (nɔgɔ) bɛ baara kɛ ni dannaya ye baara nafamaw la.
Ɲɛtaa minnu bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛsin baara kɛcogo ma, i n’a fɔ ɔtomatizi ani sariyaw ɲɛnabɔli, olu bɛ ka taabolo kɛ cogo la min bɛ lakana ani ka sigida lakana. O yiriwaliw fana bɛ musakabɔ bonya, ka kɛ sababu ye ka nɛgɛ intanw baara caya iziniw kɔnɔ minnu bɛ baara kɛcogo ɲuman ni ɲɛnamaya jan ɲini.
