Pastivetion ya Steel idafite ikibazo

Icyuma kitagira ingaruka ku mbaraga zayo no kurwanya ruswa, ariko ndetse nibi bintu biramba birashobora kugenda mugihe runaka. Kuki ibi bibaho, kandi bishobora gukumirwa gute? Passivation nurufunguzo. Mugukuraho hejuru no kuzamura urwego rusanzwe rwo gukingira, ibyuma bidafite ingaruka birashobora kurwanya ruswa.

Muri iyi nyandiko, tuzareba iki cyifuzo, impamvu ari ngombwa, nuburyo itezimbere kuramba. Uziga kubikorwa, inyungu zacyo, nintambwe zo kwemeza kurwanya indwara nziza.

Passivetion ni iki?

Passivation yerekana inzira ikomeye yo kurangiza imiyoboro yo kuzamura ubushobozi nyabagendwa. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura ubuvuzi butera inzitizi yo kurinda iner, ibuza imbora n'ikorungano mubidukikije bitandukanye.

Ibisobanuro n'intego

Passivivation ikoresha imiti yihariye ya chemique - mubisanzwe nitric cyangwa citric acide ibisubizo - intego yo gukuraho icyuma kubuntu kuva hejuru yicyuma. Iki gikorwa cyihariye cyerekana uburyo bwo gushiraho thromium ikirinda, kunoza cyane kurwanya indwara.

Inyungu z'ingenzi zirimo:

• Kuzamura ibicuruzwa byarakaye binyuze mu kurwanya ibirenze ibikoresho byorohereza ibidukikije

• Gukuraho kwanduza hejuru ibisigazwa nibikorwa byo gukora no kuvuza

• Ibisabwa byo kubungabunga byose mumiterere yibicuruzwa

• Kunoza hejuru no guhuzagurika no guhura nabyo

• Kwiyongera kwizerwa muri porogaramu zikomeye zisaba kurwanya ruswa

Iterambere ryamateka

Phenomenon Phenomenon yagaragaye binyuze mubushakashatsi bwakozwe mubupayiniya muri 1800. Intambwe z'ingenzi zirimo:

1. Hagati ya 1800: Christian Friedrich Schönbein yavumbuye 'passive '

2. Mu ntangiriro ya 1900: Kwegera Inganda za Acide

3. 1990: Kumenyekanisha acide acide

4. Umunsi wubu: sisitemu yateye imbere nibibi bishingiye ku bidukikije

Gusobanukirwa gushiraho urwego

Chromide ofide

Igice cyo kurinda pasiporo gisanzwe kumiterere yicyuma kitagira ingano mubihe byiza. Iyi microscopique ya chromiimic-gukize oxide ya firime ipima hafi 0,0000001-santimetero - hafi 100.000 inshuro 100.000 itoroshye kuruta umusatsi wabantu.

Uruhare rukomeye rwa Oxyjen

Igice cya pasine gitera imbere binyuze mumikoranire igoye hagati:

• Chromium ikubiyemo ibyuma bitagira ingano

• Ogisijeni itera ibidukikije

• Imiterere yubuso nisuku

• Ubushyuhe nubushyuhe

Ibintu bisanzwe byo kwitondera

Imiterere

Ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kumwanya mwiza unyuranye:

• Ibisabwa mu buryo bwo hejuru:

• Gukuraho Byuzuye Byamavuta Yamavuta no gukata amazi

• Kurandura ibice by'icyuma muri ibikoresho byo gukora

• Kubura umunzani wa oxmal mu gusudira cyangwa kuvura ubushyuhe

• Umudendezo wo kwanduza ibidukikije no mu gisipe

Ingaruka y'ibidukikije

Ibisabwa byiza kubisabwa karemano birimo:

ibintu byiza	bigira	ingaruka
Urwego rwa Oxygen	Ikirere (21%)	Ngombwa kubijyanye na oxide
Ubushyuhe	68-140 ° F (20-60 ° C)	Bigira ingaruka ku gipimo cy'imiterere
Ubushuhe	30-70%	Guhindura ubuziranenge
ph	6-8	Ingaruka zo hejuru

Inganda

Passivation igaragaza akamaro mu nzego nyinshi:

• Inganda zubuvuzi Inganda zisabwa ibipimo bifatika bihari

• Ibigize Aerospace bisaba kurwanya ruswa idasanzwe

• Ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibiryo bikomeza ibipimo ngenderwaho

• Sisitemu yo gutunganya imiti itwara ibidukikije

• Ibikoresho by'ubwumvikane busaba kwizerwa

Inzira yo kwishyiriraho kubimera bidafite ikibazo

Imyitwarire ya pasivivatire itagira ingano biterwa cyane no gutoranya no kwicwa. Ubuhanga bugezweho bwo kwitondera butanga uburyo butandukanye, buriwese azana ibyiza bidasanzwe kubisabwa byihariye.

Nitciste acide

Ibisabwa nitric bikomeje kuba inganda zingana no kugera ku kurwanya ibumba ryiza mu bibero bidafite ishingiro.

Gutunganya ibipimo

byerekana	imiterere	myiza
Kwibanda	20-50%	25-30%
Ubushyuhe	49-60 ° C.	55 ° C.
Igihe	20-60 min	30 min

Sodium diichromate

Ongeraho sodium diichromate (2-6 WT%) itanga:

• Kwihuta gushiramo ibice binyuze mubushobozi bworoshye bwo kwama okiside

• Kunoza uburinzi bwa chromium yo hepfo ya chromium

• Yagabanijwe ibyago byo gutera ibitero mugihe cyo gutunganya

• Yongerewe hejuru yubusakubintu bihujwe

Icyifuzo-Icyifuzo cyihariye

Amanota atandukanye yicyuma asaba kwivuza yihariye:

1. Austenitic (Urukurikirane 300):

• Igipimo cya 20% Nitc Acide gitanga ibisubizo byiza

• Ubushyuhe Bwenge: 49-60 ° C.

• Igihe cyo gutunganya: iminota 30

2. Imbere (400):

• Kwibanda (40-50%) nitric acide isabwa

• Ubushyuhe bwo hasi: 40-50 ° C.

• Igihe cyagutse: iminota 45-60

Ibyiza n'imbogamizi

Inyungu:

• Yashizweho neza mumanota menshi yicyuma

• Imyitozo yihuse ya pasiporo yimiterere igenzurwa

• Ibisubizo bihamye binyuze mubipimo ngenderwaho

• Uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura neza

Ibisubizo:

• Impungenge y'ibidukikije Kubijyanye no Kujugunya Acide no Kuravu

• Umutekano wo hejuru wumutekano wo gufata acide yihariye

• Irashobora gukubita ibyago byibasiye ibintu bidakwiye

Citric Acid Passivetion

Ibi bidukikije-ubundi buryo bwo kwerekana imikorere igereranywa kubikorwa bya nitcic acide.

Gutunganya ibisobanuro

byubushyuhe bwibanze	bwimvurungano	ntarengwa
60-71 ° C.	4-10%	Iminota 4
49-60 ° C.	4-10%	Iminota 10
38-48 ° C.	4-10%	Iminota 20
21-37 ° C.	4-10%	Iminota 30

Isesengura

Ibyiza:

• Uburyo burambye bwo gutunganya ibidukikije

• Yagabanije ibibazo byangiza kubakora

• Ibisabwa byoroheje byo kuvura imyanda

• FDA GRAS (muri rusange izwiho umutekano)

Imipaka:

• Igihe kirekire cyo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwo hasi

• Kumva cyane kwanduza

• Ibindi byinshi byo gusimbuza igisubizo

Ibisabwa mbere yo kuvura

Imyiteguro ikwiye yo hejuru yingaruka cyane gutsinda.

INTAMBWE Z'INGENZI

1. Inzira yo Gusukura Alkaline:

• Kuraho imyanya ngengabutaka hamwe no gukora ibikorwa

• Kurandura amavuta yubuso gukumira acide nziza

• Kurema ibintu byiza cyane kugirango intambwe zishyinguwe

2. Amazi yombitsa protocole:

• Imikino myinshi yometseho yemeza ko yahinduye umwanda

• Amazi ya deionized agabanya ubunere bwo kubitsa hejuru

• Kugenzurwa PH Gukurikirana birinda imiti hagati yintambwe

INGINGO ZIKURIKIRA:

• Gukuraho Byuzuye Byahinduwe hejuru yanduye imbere ya Acide

• Kubungabunga igisubizo gikwiye hamwe na protocole isanzwe

• Kugenzurwa ibidukikije muri iki gikorwa

• Kubanga gukomeye gushinga inzira zogusukura

Ubundi buryo bwo gutabwa

Iburafu rya electrochemical

Iyi tekinike yihariye itanga ibyiza bidasanzwe:

• Kwihuta gushinyagurika ku bushobozi bwamashanyarazi

• Kongera imbaraga hejuru ya oxide lackness

• Kunoza uburinganire kuri geometries igoye

• Kugabanya igihe cyo gutunganya kubisabwa byihariye

Ubundi buryo

Ikoranabuhanga rigaragara muri Techlogies ririmo:

• Imiterere ya organic acide

• Sisitemu ivanze acide kubisabwa byihariye

• Imiti yo mushyamira imiti yibikoresho bitoroshye

• Ibidukikije-Optimized Igisubizo

Icyitonderwa: Guhitamo gutunganya bigomba kubona amanota yibikoresho, ibisabwa bisabwa, ibintu bidukikije, nibitekerezo byubukungu.

Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumikorere

Ibyifuzo byiza biterwa nibintu byinshi bikomeye. Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu byemeza uburinzi budasanzwe no kurwanya ruswa.

Ingaruka zo Kwitegura hejuru

Imyiteguro ikwiye ihindura ubuziranenge. Inzira Yuzuye yo Gutegura irimo:

INTAMBWE Z'INGENZI

1. Gutanga ibyambere bikuraho amavuta yo gukora no gusiganwa ku mazi meza

2. Isuku ihanagura imashini yashyizwemo ibice byicyuma kuva ibikoresho byo kwanduza

3. Gusukura imiti bishongeshejwe oxide kandi bigakora ibintu bimwe na kimwe

4. Imirasire nyinshi zungango zemeza ko ikuraho ibisigazwa bya agent

Gukuraho kwanduye

Abanduye ubuso busanzwe basaba gukuraho:

Ubwoko bwanduye	ingaruka	muburyo bwo gukuraho pasivation
Amavuta yimashini	Irinde Guhuza Acide	Devreasing
Ibice by'icyuma	Itera ingeta yo hejuru	Gusukura Acide
Igipimo cya oxide	Guhagarika ibyifuzo	Imashini / gukuraho imiti
Umwanda	Kugabanya imikorere	Gusukura ultrasonic

Ibiranga Ibikoresho

Icyiciro-Ibitekerezo byihariye

Amanota atandukanye yicyuma asaba uburyo bwihariye:

• Amanota ya austenitic (urukurikirane 300):

• Gushiraho neza ibice bya pasiporo kubera ibikubiye muri chromium

• Bisaba protocole isanzwe kubisubizo byiza

• Yerekana kurwanya ruswa nyuma yo kuvura neza

• Amanota ya Martinetitike (Urukurikirane 400):

• Bisaba kugenzura ubushyuhe witonze mugihe cyo kuvura pasivation

• Ikeneye ibihe byinshi byo gutunganya kugirango ushyire ahantu heza

• Bisaba kwitabwaho bidasanzwe kugirango wirinde ibitero bya Flash

Ubuso burangiza ingaruka

Ibiranga ubuso bigira ingaruka kubisubizo byitondewe:

1. Ubuso bukabije:

• Kongera ubuso busaba ibihe byinshi byo kwisiga

• Ibyago byinshi byo kugumana umwanda mu buryo butemewe

• Gukusanya protocole ikenewe kugirango ikoreshwe neza

2. Ubuso Bwanduye:

• Imiterere myinshi ya parike ya parike ibaho hejuru yubuso

• Kugabanya igihe cyo gutunganya kugera kurwego rwo kurinda

• Isura nziza yo kureba nyuma yo kurangiza pasivivation

INGARUKA ZORMAL

Ingaruka zo gusudira

• Ubushyuhe-Ibikoresho Byibasiwe bisaba kwitabwaho bidasanzwe mugihe cyo kuvura

• Gukuraho Igipimo kigomba kubanziriza inzira zose

• Ibipimo byiburanisha byahinduwe bikenewe mubusurwe

Ibitekerezo byo kuvura ubushyuhe

• Gukonjesha neza kuremeza ibintu byiza byo hejuru kugirango ushire

• Igenzura ry'ubushyuhe ribuza imiterere idashaka

• Isuku nyuma yubushyuhe ikuraho okiside yubushyuhe

Ibintu by'ibidukikije

Ibipimo by'ingenzi bishingiye ku bidukikije bigira ingaruka kuri pasivivation:

Ubushyuhe: 68-140 ° F (20-60 ° Ubushuhe: 30-70% ikirere: Guhumeka, guhuriza hamwe umukungugu: Guhana ikirere bihagije

Gucunga Ibisubizo

Kurwanya

Amasoko yanduza ibicuruzwa bisaba gukurikirana:

1. Ibice by'ibyuma biturutse ku bice bitunganijwe byanduza ubwogero bwa pasiporo

2. Kurura kuva ku mboro idahagije itangiza imiti udashaka

3. Kwanduza ikirere bigira ingaruka kubisubizo mugihe runaka

4. Kwanduza kwambukiranya bibaho hagati yibikoresho bitandukanye

Porotokote yo kubungabunga ubuziranenge

Imyitozo ya ngombwa yo gufata neza harimo:

• Isesengura ryibisubizo bisanzwe:

• Icyumweru cyo kwibanda kuri aside

• PH Gukurikirana PH biragaragaza uburyo bwo gukemura neza

• Urwego rwo kwanduza kugenzura ibibazo byiza

• Kugenzura imiti igenzura ibipimo byiza byimikorere

• Amabwiriza yo gusimbuza INGINGO:

• Ibikorwa byinshi byimibare bisaba gusimburwa buri kwezi

• Umusaruro usanzwe ukeneye igisubizo cyukwezi guhinduka

• Ibikorwa byubukiriya bishingiye kubisubizo byo gukurikirana byanduza ibisubizo

• Gusimburwa byihutirwa nyuma yibyabaye bya Flash

Ibipimo ngenderwaho

Ibipimo byiza byerekana ubuziranenge bwiza:

1. Kugaragara mu buso:

• Imyenda imwe, ubuso busukuye nta bubiko cyangwa bwanduza

• Kubura ahantu hasunitse cyangwa ibitagenda neza

• Guhaza Kurangiza ahantu havuwe

2. Kurwanya ruswa:

• Pass smal spray ibizamini bisabwa

• Ntagaragaza ibimenyetso bya okiside mubizamini byubushuhe

• Kubungabunga imitungo yo kurinda mubihe bisanzwe

Icyitonderwa: Gukurikirana buri gihe no guhindura ibi bintu bituma ireme rihamye.

UBURENGANZIRA N'IZINTU

Ibipimo byinganda zemeza ko ireme rihamye ahantu hatandukanye. Ibi bikoresho bitanga ibisobanuro birambuye kugirango bigenzure, protocole igerageza, no kubyemera.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho ASTM

ASTM A967

Iyi miterere yuzuye isobanura uburyo bwo kwishura imiti kubigize ibyuma bidafite ishingiro.

Ingingo z'ingenzi zirimo:

• Ubworozi butanu bwa Nitcic acide buhuye nibisabwa bisabwa

• Inzira eshatu za citric acide zikunda ubushyuhe butandukanye

• Porotokole irambuye yo kwipimisha kugirango ikore neza ishami kuri porogaramu zitandukanye

• Ibipimo byihariye byemejwe bishingiye kubijyanye na pronarione zikoreshwa

Uburyo bwo Guvura Imbonerahamwe:

Uburyo bwubwoko	bwubushyuhe	bwibanze	bwigihe ntarengwa
Nitric 1	120-130 ° F.	20-25%	20 min
Nitric 2	70-90 ° F.	20-45%	30 min
Citric 1	140-160 ° F.	4-10%	4 min
Citric 2	120-140 ° F.	4-10%	Iminota 10

ASTM A380

Iri shingiro rishyiraho isuku ryibanze, biterwa, nuburyo bukurikira.

Ibice by'ingenzi:

1. Ibisabwa birambuye byo kwitegura kugirango birerwe ibisubizo byihutirwa

2. Amabwiriza yihariye yo gutanga amanota kumanota atandukanye yicyuma

3. Gukoresha gahunda yo kugenzura ibipimo bikomeza ubuziranenge buhoraho

4. Uburyo bwuzuye uburyo bwo gupima kwemeza imikorere yo kuvura

ASTM F86

Ibipimo byihariye byibanda kubikoresho byibikoresho byubuvuzi.

Ibice byibanze:

• Isuku ifatika isaba guhuza ibisobanuro byubuvuzi

• Gutezimbere Gahunda yo kugenzura Ibipimo bibuza Ibipimo

• Porotokole yihariye yo kwipimisha yemeza imiterere yubuvuzi

• Ibisabwa Inyandiko Gushyigikira Abashinzwe kugenzura ibikenewe

Ibipimo by'inyongera

AMS 2700

Ibikoresho bya Aerospace Ibisobanuro birambuye birambuye.

Uburyo Icyiciro:

• Uburyo 1: Inzira ya Nitc Acide

• Uburyo bwa 2: Ubuvuzi bwa City-bundi bushya

• Ibizamini bisabwa ukurikije porogaramu yihariye ya Aerospace

• Ingamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge zemeza ibisubizo bihamye

Ubwoko bwo Kuvura: Ubwoko bwa 1: Ubushyuhe-Ubushyuhe Nitc Acide Ubwoko bwa 2: Ubushyuhe-Ubushyuhe Nitri

QQ-P-35 Ubwihindurize

Ubusanzwe ibisobanuro bya gisirikare, ubu byasimbuwe na AMS 2700.

Akamaro k'amateka:

• Igipimo cyashyizweho

• Gutezimbere iterambere ryibipimo ngende

• Yatanze ishingiro ryuburyo bugezweho bwo gupima

• Gukora uburyo bwo gukora inyandiko

Bs 2516

Ibipimo by'i Burayi byibanda ku porogaramu za Aerospace.

Gushyira mu bikorwa Icyiciro:

1. Icyiciro C1: amanota atoteje kandi yimvura

2. Icyiciro C2: Custom-Custory-Imikorere

3. Icyiciro C3: Amashanyarazi maremare ya Marromiimi

4. Icyiciro C4: amanota asanzwe ya marigensitike na Ferritic

ISO 16048

Amahanga ashyiraho ibisabwa ku isi.

Ibintu by'ingenzi:

• Guhuza uburyo mpuzamahanga bwo kwipimisha

• Ibipimo ngenderwaho

• Ibipimo ngenderwaho rusange

• Ibisabwa ku isi

Igitabo gisanzwe cyo gutoranya

Suzuma ibi bintu mugihe uhitamo ibipimo bikurikizwa:

gusaba	byibanze	ibyiciro
Ubuvuzi	ASTM F86	ASTM A967
Aerospace	AMS 2700	Bs 2516
Inganda rusange	ASTM A967	ASTM A380
Mpuzamahanga	ISO 16048	Ibipimo by'akarere

Ibisabwa byo gushyira mu bikorwa

Kunegura ibintu byatsinze kugirango byubahirizwe:

1. Sisitemu y'inyandiko:

• Igenzura rirambuye RY'INGENZI Gukurikirana Ibipimo byose byo kuvura

• Inyandiko yuzuye yo kwipimisha yemewe neza

• Porogaramu ya Calibration ya buri gihe iratanga uburenganzira bwo gupima

• Kuzuza ibikoresho byuzuza Ibipimo ngengabuzima

2. Igenzura ryiza:

• Kugenzura buri gihe kugenzura kugirango ubone ibisubizo bihamye

• Gahunda yo guhugura abakoresha gukomeza urwego rwa tekiniki

• Ingero zo kubungabunga ibikoresho zemeza neza imikorere myiza

• Porotokole yo gusesengura ibicuruzwa yemeza ibisabwa byimiti

Icyitonderwa: Ibipimo bisabwa bikomeza guhinduka. Isubiramo risanzwe ryemeza kubahiriza.

Kwipimisha no kugenzura ibyifuzo

Ikigeragezo gikwiye cyemeza ko ubuvuzi bwiza. Uburyo bwinshi bwo kugerageza gutanga ibyemezo byuzuye byo kurinda ubuso.

Kugenzura

Isuzuma ryimiterere ritangira binyuze mubizamini bireba neza.

INGINGO Z'INGENZI:

• Ubuso bugaragara busukuye, imyenda, kandi idafite ibara cyangwa gukomera

• Nta kibanza kigaragara cyerekana gukuraho ibyuma byubusa

• Kubura ething itanga ibipimo bikwiye kuvura imiti

• Ubutaka buhoraho burangiza hirya no hino

Ikizamini cyo kwibiza mu mazi

Ihame ry'ibizamini

Iki kizamini cyibanze kigaragaza hejuru yamazi meza, kwerekana kwanduza.

Inzira

1. Ingano isukuye neza mbere yo gutangira inzira

2. Kwibiza ingero mumazi yatoboye amasaha 24

3. Komeza ubushyuhe bw'amazi mu bihe (68-72 ° F)

4. Gukurikirana isura yo kwipimisha mugihe cyo kugerageza

Isesengura ry'ibisubizo

• Pass: Nta kibanza kigenda kigaragara mugihe cyamasaha 24

• Kunanirwa: Gukora ingese byerekana ko pasivivive idahagije

• Umupaka: Staini yoroheje isaba gukomeza iperereza

Ikizamini cyohejuru

Uburyo bw'ikizamini

Ibizamini Byimikorere yimikorere munsi yuburyo bukabije.

parameter	Kwishura	kwihanganira
Ubushyuhe	95 ° F.	± 3 ° F.
Ubushuhe	100%	-0%
Igihe	Amasaha 24	0 / -1

Ibipimo ngenderwaho

• Byemewe: nta ruswa igaragara nyuma yo guhura

• Bitemewe: Gushiraho ingese cyangwa gutesha agaciro ubuso

• Monitor: Impinduka zo hejuru zisaba kwipimisha izindi

Umunyu utenguha

Amahame shingiro

Kwihuta gupima ibiryo ukoresheje igisubizo cyumunyu.

Ikizamini cyibizamini

: 5% Naclpempetepe: 95 ° F (35 ° C) Igihe: 2-48 masaha ya spray ishusho: Gukomeza

Isuzuma ry'imikorere

1. Andika ibikorwa byose bya ruswa mugihe cyo kwipimisha

2. Ugereranije urugero rwangiza hejuru nyuma yo guhura

3. Gereranya ibisubizo byo kwirinda ubuziranenge

4. Andika ibimenyetso byamafoto byibisubizo by'ibizamini

Ikizamini cya SUlfate

Incamake

Ikizamini cyihuse kumenya kwanduza icyuma.

INTAMBWE

• Koresha umuringa wa sulfate igisubizo cyo kwipimisha

• Komeza ubushuhe muminota itandatu

• Itegereze kose

• Inyandiko Ibizamini Ibisubizo ako kanya

Ibisubizo Ibisobanuro

• Pass: Nta kubitsa umuringa bigaragara

• Kunanirwa: Gutagaragara gusohora umuringa bibaho

• Bitemewe: ubuso bw'ikizamini byerekana kwivanga

Ikizamini cya electrochemical

Potentiodynamic Polariziya

Ikizamini cyo hejuru gitanga amakuru yo kurwanya ruswa:

• Ingamba Ibishoboka bya Ruswa

• Igena ibice bya panisi

• Kumenya inzitizi zigenda zifata

• Kugereranya imikorere yo kurengera muri rusange

Impetance Spectroscopy

Ubu buryo bukomeye buragaragaza:

1. Passive Payer Ubunini butandukanye muburyo buvuwe

2. Gutwika ituze mubihe bitandukanye ibidukikije

3. Ubuho bwo Kurinda

4. Ibiranga ibisobanuro birambuye

GUSHYIRA MU BIKORWA BY'UBUNTU

Ibintu by'ingenzi

Ubwishingizi bwiza busaba:

• Gahunda yo Kwipimisha buri gihe mu bikorwa

• Inzira zanditse kugirango uburyo buhoraho bwo gusuzuma

• Gukomeza ibikoresho bikomeza gupima neza

• Abakozi batojwe bakora protocole zipimishije

Ibisabwa

Komeza inyandiko za:

1. Ibisubizo byose byikizamini byerekana ibipimo byumvikana

2. Ibikoresho bya Calibration amakuru neza kugirango ibipimo byukuri

3. Guhuza Ibipimo byerekana guhuzagurika

4. Gukosora ibikorwa bikemura ibibazo byose byananiranye

Imyitozo myiza

Gutsindira ibintu birimo:

• Uburyo bwinshi bwo kugerageza gutanga ibyemezo byuzuye

• Amahugurwa y'abakozi asanzwe agenga uburyo bukwiye bwo kwipimisha

• Gukomeza inyandiko zisobanutse neza

• Gukomeza Kunoza Ukurikije Ibisubizo by'ibizamini

Icyitonderwa: Guhitamo ikizamini biterwa nibisabwa byihariye byasabye hamwe nubuziranenge.

Ikizamini kiyobora Umusaruro

Umusaruro	Umuyoboro ntarengwa inshuro	ntarengwa Uburyo busabwa
Umubumbe muto	Buri cyiciro	Kwibiza + amazi
Umubumbe wo hagati	Buri munsi	Hejuru + Ubucumu
Umubumbe muremure	Buri shift	Ibizamini byose
Ibice bikomeye	Kugenzura 100%	Ibizamini byose + electrochemical

Gukemura ibibazo

Iburanisha ryiza risaba kwitondera ibitekerezo. Gusobanukirwa ibibazo bisanzwe bifasha gukomeza ubuziranenge budahamye.

Isesengura risanzwe

Ibibazo byo kwitegura hejuru

Ibisubizo bibi Ibisubizo biganisha kubibazo byinshi:

1. Udukoko dusiba gukumira aside imwe hakurya hejuru yibikorwa hejuru

2. Ibice by'icyuma bitera perrosion yibanze kubice byarangiye

3. Igipimo cyo kubitsa intangarugero hamwe nuburyo bukwiye bwo gushiraho

4. Gukora imyanda bitera ibisubizo bitaringaniye

Kunanirwa

ibipimo	byerekana	ingaruka	kugenzura
Aside	Hasi cyane	Passivetion idatunganye	Kugenzura UMUNSI
Ubushyuhe	Bidahuye	Kuvurwa nabi	Shyiramo sisitemu yo gukurikirana
Igihe	Bidahagije	Intege nke	Gushyira mu bikorwa igihe cyo kugenzura igihe
KUBAHIRO	Yanduye	Flash gutera ibyago	Isesengura risanzwe

Gutsindira

Ibipimo byerekana

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe byo kunanirwa gutangwa harimo:

• Guhindura hejuru byerekana ibintu bidakwiye

• Ibibanza bifatika byerekana gukuramo Ibyuma bidahagije

• Ahantu hagaragaye ahantu henshi

• Isura idahwitse yerekana inzira idahuye

Kunanirwa Kunanirwa

Ibibazo by'ingenzi bigera:

1. Ibizamini byamazi Ibizamini byerekana uburyo buto

2. Ubushuhe buke bwo kwerekana ko icyuho cyo kurengera hejuru

3. Umunyu utera kwipimisha byerekana kurwanya ruswa idahagije

4. Ikipe ya SUlfate ya Sulfate igaragaza icyuma kisigaye

Imizi itera isesengura

Gutunganya impinduka

Ibintu Bikomeye Bisaba Iperereza:

Igenzura ry'ubushyuhe: - Urwego rukora: 70-160 ° F - Gukurikirana Inshuro: Gucukura Isaha: buri kwezi - Kugenzura ubuziranenge: Buri cyiciro

Ibikoresho

Ibibazo bikunze kuvugwa ibibazo:

1. Sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe iburiza uko ibintu bidahuye

2. Sisitemu yo Filtem yemerera kwanduza kubaka mubikoresho byo kumuti

3. Ibikoresho byo gutera agahinda bitanga igisubizo kidahagije mugihe cyo kuvura

4. Uburyo bwo guhagarika uburyo bwo gukemura ibicuruzwa bidafite ishingiro

Ibikorwa byo gukosora

Ibisubizo byihuse

Aderesi y'ibibazo byihutirwa binyuze muri:

• Gusimburwa ako kanya mugihe uzungura urwego rurenze imipaka

• Igisubizo cyihuse cyo kugenzura ubushyuhe bugumya gukomeza ibintu byiza

• Guhindura byihuse protocole ya protocole kugirango ireme kugirango witegure neza

• Gushyira mu bikorwa byihuse Ibipimo byavuguruwe

Ibisubizo Byigihe kirekire

Gushyira mu bikorwa iterambere rirambye:

1. Sisitemu yogukurikirana inzira ikurikirana ibipimo bikomeye ubudahwema

2. Sisitemu yo kugenzura igenzura ikomeza ibisabwa bihamye

3. Ingererano yo kunonosora Kubungabunga Ibibazo bijyanye nibikoresho

4. Gahunda yo guhugura abakoresha ivugururwa kurinda inzira zikwiye

Ingamba zo gukumira

Igenzura

INTAMBWE Z'INGENZI:

• Isesengura ryibisubizo bisanzwe:

• Icyumweru cyo kugerageza cyemeza kwibanda kubiti byimiti

• Buri kwezi Kwanduza Kugenzura ibibazo byujuje ubuziranenge

• Buri gihembwe Isesengura ryuzuye ryo kwiyuhagira ryemewe umutekano

• Isubiramo rya sisitemu ngarukamwaka ryerekana amahirwe yo kunoza

• Kubungabunga ibikoresho:

• Kugenzura Dalibration ya buri munsi kubungabunga ubushyuhe bwuzuye

• Icyumweru cyo gukora isuku birinda kwiyubaka

• Ubugenzuzi bwa sisitemu buri kwezi bugaragaza ibibazo bishobora kuba

• Kubungabunga buri mwaka mbere yo kubungabunga imikorere myiza

Imyitozo nziza

Ingamba zizeza ubuziranenge:

1. Ibisabwa n'abakozi:

• Icyemezo cyambere cyemeza neza ubumenyi bukwiye

• Ibishya bigezweho bikubiyemo inzira

• Amahugurwa yihariye yo gukemura ibibazo akemura ibibazo bisanzwe

• Amahugurwa yo gutanga inyandiko akomeza inyandiko

2. Inyandiko yo gutunganya:

• Uburyo burambuye bwo gukora ibikorwa bya buri munsi

• Kugenzura ubuziranenge bugenzura neza gahunda yo kubahiriza

• ITEKA RY'UBURYO BWIZA AMAFARANGA

• Gukemura ibibazo bya protocole itanga ibibazo byiza

Gukurikirana neza

Komeza kugenzura inzira ukoresheje:

Gukurikirana	ingingo	rwibikorwa	urwego
Ubushyuhe	Isaha	± 5 ° F.	Guhindura ako kanya
Kwibanda	Buri munsi	± 2%	Gukosora igisubizo
Kwanduza	Buri cyumweru	Gushiraho imipaka	Gusimbuza kwiyuhagira
Ubuziranenge	Buri cyiciro	Ibipimo	Isubiramo

Icyitonderwa: Gukurikirana buri gihe birinda ibibazo bisanzwe byo kwishyiriraho.

Incamake

Passivivation ni ngombwa kugirango ukomeze kurambagizanuka no kugabanuka kwangiza ibyuma bitagira ingano. Mugukuraho kwanduza no kuzamura urwego rwo kurinda ikirinda, iburanisha ryiza rituma ibyuma bidafite ibibazo bidasubirwaho mu buryo bukomeye.

Iterambere muburyo bwo kwitondekanya, harimo no kwikora no kunonosora, ni ugukora inzira umutekano no kuba inshuti. Iterambere naryo ryongeza umusaruro-imikorere-imikorere, rigira uruhare mu gukoresha ibyuma bidafite ingaruka kunganda zisaba imikorere yo hejuru no kuramba.