Imashini zo gusya

Imashini zo gusya ni ibikoresho byimashini bisobanutse kugirango ushireho ibikoresho bikomeye ukuraho ibintu birenze. Bakoresha amagata yaciwe kugirango bakore ibice nibigize. Izi mashini zirashobora gukora ibikorwa bitandukanye nko gukata, gucukura, no guhinduranya ibyuma, plastiki, ibiti, nibindi bikoresho.

 

    

Amateka magufi ya Machine

Ubwihindurize bw'imashini basya yashakanye mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 19:

• 1818: Eli Whitney yahimbye imashini ya mbere yo gusya muri Hasn nshya, Connecticut.

• Mbere yibi bihangano: abakozi bashingiye kumadosiye yintoki, inzira itwara igihe nubuhanga.

• Gusaba kare: hakoreshwa cyane cyane kumasezerano ya leta, nko gukora ibice byo gukora.

• Iterambere ryakurikiyeho: ryatumye habaho ubushishozi, gukora neza, no guhinduranya muburyo bwo gukora.

Akamaro ko Gusya imashini zifata inganda

Imashini zisya zigira uruhare rukomeye mugukora inganda zigezweho:

1. Ibisobanuro: Barashobora gukora imiterere itandukanye, uhereye muburyo bworoshye hejuru kuri 3D.

2. ICYITONDERWA: CYASHOBORA GUKORA INGINGO ZIKURIKIRA, KWIHANGANWA BIKOMEYE, Inganda Zingenzi Nka Aerospace n'Imodoka.

3. Gukora imashini za CNC mu buryo bwikora inzira, kongera ibiciro byumusaruro no kugabanya ikosa ryabantu.

4. Ibikoresho bihinduka: birashobora gukora hamwe nibikoresho byinshi, harimo nashatali, plastike, nibikondo.

5. Ibiciro-byiza: Nubwo ishoramari ryambere, zitanga umusaruro muremure unyuze mu kazu kanonosoye kandi ugacika intege.

Inganda zungukirwa nimashini ziss zirimo:

• Automotive

• Aerospace

• Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki

• Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga

• UBINTU NO GUKORA

Mugutanga ibisobanuro neza, bikora neza, kandi bitandukanye no gukuraho ibikoresho, imashini yo gusya byabaye ngombwa muburyo bugezweho bwo gukora inganda zigezweho.

Imiterere nibigize Imashini Zus

Imashini zangiza zigizwe nibigize byinshi byingenzi bikora mubwumvikane kugirango bike neza kandi bikora neza.

Shingiro

Ishingiro rigize urufatiro rwimashini isya:

• Imikorere: itanga imbaraga no gukurura kunyeganyega mugihe cyo gukora

• Ibikoresho: mubisanzwe bitera icyuma, bitanga iramba no gukomera

• Igishushanyo: Bikunze kwinjiza ikigega gikonje kugirango imiyoborere myiza

Inkingi

Nkurugisi ya mashini yo gusya, inkingi:

• Shyigikira imiterere yose

• Amazu spindle na moteri

• Harimo sisitemu yo gutwara kugirango igenzure icyerekezo

Ivi

Ivi ni ikintu gifatika gifatika:

• Shyigikira indogobe yombi kandi ikora

• Ibiranga ibiryo bihagaritse kugirango ugenzure neza

• Gushoboza urujya n'uruza rw'inkingi kumwanya mwiza

Indogobe

Ibi bigize byorohereza inzira nyinshi:

• Kunyerera ku ivi muri y-axis

• Yemerera kugenda muri x-axis

• Kuzamura muri rusange guhagarara

Gukora

Ibikorwa nigikorwa cyibanze cyakazi:

• Yimuka kuri x na y axes ukoresheje indogobe n'amavi

• Ibiranga T-ibibanza kugirango ukore neza hamwe na clamp

• Itanga urubuga ruhamye kubikorwa bitandukanye byabigenewe

Spindle

Nkibice nyamukuru, spindle:

• Ifata kandi izunguruka ibikoresho byo gutema

• Irashobora kwerekeza ahantu hahamye cyangwa hashingiwe ku bwoko bwimashini

• Itanga ibiciro byimyanda ihinduka kubisabwa bitandukanye

Kurenza urugero, arbor, na gukurura

Ibi bice bitandukana bishingiye ku bwoko bwimashini:

• Imashini zitambitse: Koresha urusaku na arbor kugirango utere inkunga yibikoresho

• Imashini zihagaritse: Koresha Quill kugirango uyobore igikoresho cyo hejuru no-hepfo

• Byombi byongerera agaciro no guhinduranya

Ibice byinyongera

Ibindi bice byinshi bigira uruhare mu gusya imikorere yimashini:

1. Umutwe ukuru: amazu azunguruka kandi arashobora kuzunguruka kugirango abone inguni

2. Abafite ibikoresho: ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gutema kuri spindle

3. Kugabanya Umutwe: Gushoboza neza kuzenguruka ibikorwa kubikorwa bigoye

Ihame ryakazi ryo gusya mashini

Imashini zo gusya zikora ku ihame shingiro ryo gukuraho ibikoresho ukoresheje kuzunguruka. Batanga ibisobanuro kandi bitandukanye mugushiraho ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gukora porogaramu.

Gukuraho Ibikoresho

Imikorere yibanze yimashini yo gusya irimo:

1. Kuzunguruka-amanota menshi kumuvuduko mwinshi

2. Guteza imbere abaciwe mumirimo ihagaze

3. Guhitamo Kuraho ibikoresho kugirango ugere kumiterere yifuzwa

Ibipimo by'ingenzi

Ibikorwa byo gusya neza bishingiye kubisobanuro byitondewe mubipimo byinshi:

• Igitutu: Igenzura imbaraga zakoreshejwe na Cutter kukazi

• Umuvuduko wo gukata: Kugena igipimo cyibikoresho

• KUGARAGAZA Icyerekezo: Ingaruka nziza yubuso bwarangiye

Ibintu Bikomeye

Kugirango habeho ibisubizo byiza, abakora bagomba gusuzuma:

1. Umuvuduko Wihuta: Ingaruka zo gukata imikorere no kurangiza ubuziranenge

2. Igipimo cyo kugaburira Igipimo: Ingaruka zo gukuraho ibikoresho nubuzima bwibikoresho

3. Ubujyakuzimu bwo gukata: Kugena umubare wibikoresho byakuwe muri buri pass

4. Icyerekezo cyo kuzunguruka icyerekezo: guhindura chip gushiraho no hejuru yubuso

Imashini nziza no gukora neza

Ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka ku buryo bukomeye bwiza no gukora ibikorwa byo gusya:

Gutema ibikoresho

• Ibikoresho: Bikwiye guhura cyangwa kurenza ibikorwa byakazi

• Geometrie: Ingaruka Chip Ishirwaho no Kwimura

• Kwihangana: Kuzamura ubuzima buke kandi bigabanya guterana amagambo

Gutema ibipimo byerekana

ibimenyetso	byerekana	ubuziranenge kubikorwa
Umuvuduko	Kurangiza	Igipimo cyo gukuraho ibikoresho
Kugaburira	Ubwumvikane	Kwambara
Ubujyakuzimu	Uruhare	Igihe cyo gutunganya

Gukonjesha no gutiza

Sisitemu yo gukonjesha neza na Libricioms:

• Mugabanye amakimbirane hagati yigikoresho nakazi

• Gutandukanya ubushyuhe bwakozwe mugihe cyo gukata

• Kwagura ibikorwa byakazi no kunoza ubuso

Ubwoko bw'imashini zisya

Imashini zisura

Imashini zisura zihagaritse zifite spindle ireba ihagaritse kuri z-axis. Spindle irahaguruka ikamanuka, biga imashini nziza yo gucamo no gucukura. Bafite agaciro mubikorwa bisaba imyanya ya prision, cyane cyane kugirango barebe ibice bigoye. Ibisobanuro byabo bibemerera gukora imigambi, gutema, no gucura no gucuranga neza, bigatuma bakundwa munganda nka aerospace n'imodoka.

Ibintu by'ingenzi bigize imashini zisura ihagaritse:

• Icyerekezo cyerekana : ihuza umutwe uhagaze kuri z-axis.

• Bikwiranye : Ibyiza byo guhuza, gucukura, no kudoda.

• Guhinduranya : birashobora gukemura ibice bigoye mubikoresho bitandukanye.

Imashini zo gusya

Imashini zo gusya zisenyuka zigaragaza spindle ugereranije nibikorwa, bituma gukora neza ibikoresho binini kandi bibyimbye. Bikunze gukoreshwa kubisabwa nko gukubita, gutsimbarara, no gutegura neza. Muri horizontal itanga ubuyobe, bituma biba byiza kubikorwa bigoramye bisaba ibikoresho byaciwe.

Ibyiza byo gusya mallines:

• Icyerekezo cya Spingle : Proclel kumurongo wakazi, wongera imbere.

• Gusaba : Byakoreshejwe mugushinyagurika, gutondeka, no gutegura neza.

• Gukemura ibintu : gukora neza, ibikorwa binini, byimbitse nibikorwa byihuta.

Urashobora kandi kubona ubumenyi Kugereranya hagati yimashini zambitse kandi zihagaritse.

Imashini za SNC

Imashini za CNC zihuza na mudasobwa igenzura ryumubare (CNC), yemerera kugenzura neza inzira. Izi mashini zikoresha amabwiriza ya mudasobwa mbere yateguwe kugirango akemo ko gukata, gucukura, no gukora imirimo. Urusyo rwa CNC ruzwiho ubushobozi bwabo bwo gutanga ibice bigoye hamwe nibisubizo bihamye, bigatuma ntahara mu nganda zisaba ubushishozi, nk'ibikoresho bya Aeropace n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi.

Ibice bifatika byimashini za CNC:

• Ikoranabuhanga rya CNC : inzira zikora ziyobowe na porogaramu za mudasobwa.

• Ibisobanuro : Ukuri gukomeye mugukora ibice bigoye kandi byoroshye.

• Gukora : Birashoboka kwiruka 24/7, kongera umusaruro.

Imashini zo gusya kwisi yose

Imashini zangiza isi yose zihuza ubushobozi bwimashini zishingiye kandi zitambitse. Bagaragaza ibikorwa byo guhinduranya byemerera ibikorwa byo guhira bifatika, bigatuma bakora cyane mumirimo itandukanye. Izi mashini zikoreshwa mubyumba, amaduka asana, namahugurwa aho ibikorwa byinshi bigomba gukorwa kumashini imwe.

Ibiranga ibyingenzi byo gusya kwisi yose:

• Guhuza ubushobozi : gushyigikira urusyo ruhagaze kandi rutambitse.

• Guhindura akazi : Gushoboza uruganda runini kugirango ruke.

• Porogaramu : Ideal mu byumba by'ibikoresho, iduka ryo gusana, no gukoresha amahugurwa.

Imashini zo gusya

Imashini zo gusya uburiri zagenewe ibikorwa biremereye. Bafite ibikorwa byagenwe, kandi spindle yimuka kumurongo wa Z-Axis kugirango agabanye. Izi mashini zitanga imbaraga nimbaraga nyinshi, bigatuma babana mu bice binini, biremereye, nkabo mumodoka, aerospace, no kubaka inganda.

Ibiranga nyamukuru mu mashini ahisha uburiri:

• Imbonerahamwe ihamye : itanga ituze mubikorwa byinshi byo gusya.

• Spindle kugenda : yimuka ihagaritse kuri z-axis yo kugabanya cyane.

• Gusaba : Byakoreshejwe cyane mumodoka, aerospace, hamwe nubwubatsi.

Imashini zidasanzwe zo gusya

Yagenewe gusya ibisabwa:

1. Imashini zo gusya izunguruka

• Imbonerahamwe y'uruziga izunguruka kuri axis

• Gukata inshuro nyinshi ahantu hatandukanye

• Gukomeza gupakira / gupakurura mugihe cyo gukora

2. Imashini za gantry

• Uburiri bunini bushyigikira gantry yimukanwa

• Abakata benshi bashizwe kuri gantry ikadiri

• Nibyiza kubice binini

3. Imashini zo gusya 5

• Itanga ingendo mumirongo itatu na axne ebyiri zizunguruka

• Kurema imiterere igoye kandi ifite imiterere

• Kuzamura uburanga kandi bigabanya igihe cyo gushiraho

Urusyo rwa Malle na Tekinike

Ururimi

Isura yo mu buryo bwo mu buryo butera hejuru hejuru cyane kuri ibikoresho bya Axis:

• Koresha isura yo gusya hamwe nimpande nyinshi zo gukata

• Ubujyakuzimu bwaciwe hahinduwe hakoreshejwe imiyoboro yambukiranya kumeza

• Bitanga ubuso bwiza burangiye ahantu hanini

Porogaramu: Ubuso bwa moteri, mold base, ibice byubaka

Gusya Ibibaya (Gusya Slab)

Iki gikorwa gitanga hejuru, itambitse:

• Gukata axis ugereranije hejuru yubuso bwafashwe

• Bisanzwe bikoreshwa mugugabanya ubugari bwakazi

• Kubyara hejuru yubusa hamwe nukuri guhuza neza

Porogaramu: Nyakwi, Ibibanza, Amashanyarazi Yibanze

Angunguru

Angulands aning itanga ubuso ku mfuruka yihariye:

• Eploys Cuteled Cuters cyangwa igorofa ikora

• Kurema ibiranga inorungano kukazi

• Ikoreshwa cyane muri V-guhagarika gukora no gukanda

Porogaramu: Ihuriro rya dovetail, utwugarizo, amenyo yinka

Ifishi yo gusya

Ifishi yo gusya itanga imiyoboro idasanzwe ukoresheje amatara yihariye:

• Koresha forter yagenewe imyirondoro yihariye

• Gahoro gahoro gahoro gahoro ugereranije no gusya

• Irema ibintu bigoye muri pass imwe

Porogaramu: Ububiko bwubwubatsi, ibice byimashini

Stradle

Ubu buhanga icyarimwe imperuka ubuso bubiri bwuzuye:

• Ikoresha ibice bibiri byo gusiga urubyaro byashizwe kuri arbor imwe

• Intera hagati ya chatters ihinduka hamwe na collars

• Gukora neza kubyara byinshi bibangikanye

Porogaramu: T-Ahantu ho gusya, hexagonal / kare hejuru

Gusya

Gusya Guhisha Gukoresha Amabuye menshi kuri arbor imwe:

byiza	Ibisobanuro
Umusaruro	Ikora ibikorwa byinshi muri pass imwe
Gukora neza	Kugabanya igihe cyo gushiraho no kunoza ukuri
Bitandukanye	Ikomatanya ibikorwa byo gukomeretsa no kurangiza

Porogaramu: Ibice by'imodoka, ibice byakozwe na rusange

Gusya

Umwirondoro wongeye guswera shusho atoroshye kubakozi:

• Ikoresha imitwe isanzwe ya dedical cyangwa imperuka yanyuma

• Gukurikira inyandikorugero cyangwa gahunda ya CNC yo kwigana neza

• Bikwiranye nibikorwa bya 2d na 3D

Porogaramu: Gupfa Gukora, Ibice bya Aerospace, ibice byihariye

Tekinoroji yo gusya

Ingamba zo gusya zateye imbere ziyongera imikorere nubuziranenge:

1. Gukangurana

2. Urukiko rw'Umutuzi: Kurema umwobo usobanutse hamwe nudusimba

3. Gusya trochoidal: Kugabanya igikoresho cyambaye ibikoresho bikomeye

Imyitozo yihuta kandi ifite uburyo bwo kugenzura imiterere ya chip yongeraho umusaruro nubunini bwubuso mubikorwa bitandukanye byo gusya.

Ibyiza na porogaramu zimashini zisya

Imashini zisya zitanga inyungu nyinshi mu nganda zinyuranye, zituma zitangazwa muburyo bugezweho bwo gukora.

Ibyiza

1. Ubushishozi buke kandi busobanutse

• Birashoboka kugera kuri tolerance igoye, akenshi muri microns

• Ibisubizo bihamye, cyane cyane hamwe nimashini ziyobowe na CNC

• Ibisubizo bisubiramo kumusaruro mwinshi

2. Bitandukanye

• Amaboko Ibikoresho bitandukanye: Ibyuma, Plastike, Ibikoni, n'ibiti

• Ikora ibikorwa bitandukanye: Gukata, gucukura, kurambirana, no gushushanya

• Guhuza n'imiterere itandukanye nibigoye

3. Kuzamura hejuru

• Bitanga umusaruro mwinshi urangiye

• Kugabanya Gukenera Ibikorwa Byombi

• Kuzamura Ibicuruzwa Byiza no gukora

4. Kongera imikorere hamwe na tekinoroji ya CNC

• Aukora ibintu bigoye

• Kugabanya ikosa ryabantu kandi ryongera umusaruro

• Gushoboza gukora 24/7 kubikorwa byinshi

Porogaramu

Imashini zangiza zishakisha byinshi munganda nyinshi:

Inganda zimodoka

• Gukora moteri yuzuye, imitwe ya silinderi, hamwe nibice byohereza

• Itanga ibice bigoye hamwe no gusobanura neza no gusubiramo

• Gushoboza rapid prototyping hamwe nigikoresho kubikoresho bishya byimodoka

Inganda za Aerospace

• Imashini zoroheje ariko zigize indege n'indege

• Kurema imizitizi ya turbine nibice byubaka

• Birashoboka kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho

Inganda za elegitoroniki

• Ihuriza hamwe nububiko bwumuzunguruko hamwe nuburyo busobanutse no mu mwobo

• Bitanga ibyumba nubushyuhe burohama ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki

• Gushoboza miniturukisation yibigize binyuze muri rukoromuzi

Inganda

• Kurema ibibumba hanyuma apfira muburyo butandukanye bwo gukora

• Itanga ibikoresho byabigenewe nibikoresho

• Gushoboza rapid prototyping hamwe nigitambara gito

Inganda z'ubuvuzi n'inyo

• Gukora bitera kandi prosthetics hamwe nibikoresho biocompsatible

• Itanga ibikoresho byo kubaga hamwe na geometries igoye

• Gukora amakamba yamenetse kandi yirabura

Porogaramu yihariye ya

porogaramu	isobanura	ibisobanuro byingenzi
Kubumba no gupfa	Kurema ibimuga bigoye kubimburwa no gupfa-guta	Ubusobanuro bukabije, hejuru cyane
Inganda	Itanga ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho hamwe numwirondoro mwiza	Ubwiza buhoraho, igipimo cyumusaruro mwinshi
Gukubita hejuru	Kubyara 3d hejuru yubuso bwa Aerospace nibice byimodoka	Ubushobozi bwo gukora geometries idasanzwe, kwihanganira gukomera

Guhitamo no kubungabunga imashini zisya

Guhitamo neza no kubungabunga imashini zo gusya byerekana imikorere myiza, kuramba, no gukora neza-mubikorwa byo gukora.

Guhitamo imashini yo gusya

Hitamo imashini yo gusya zishingiye kubisabwa byihariye:

1. Ingano y'akazi n'ibikoresho

2. Bisabwa neza no kurangiza

3. Umusaruro wumusaruro no guhinduka

4. Umwanya uboneka hamwe ninziza zisanzwe

Ibintu by'ingenzi byo guhitamo imashini

Suzuma ibi bintu by'ingenzi mugihe uhitamo imashini isya:

Spindle yihuta nimbaraga

• Imbaraga zihagije zibikoresho bigenewe no gukata ubujyakuzimu

• Umuvuduko uhagije kubikorwa bitandukanye

• Ibiranga torque bihuye nibikorwa bisanzwe

Ingano yimbonerahamwe hamwe

nuburyo bwurugendo	bifite akamaro
Ingano yameza	Kugena ibipimo ngenderwaho
X-axis ingendo	Bigira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo gufunga
Y-axis ingendo	Guhindura intera yo gukata
Z-axis ingendo	Kugena ubushobozi bwo gukomera

Igenzura na sisitemu yo gukora

• Igenzura ryintoki kubikorwa byoroshye nubunini buke

• Sisitemu ya CNC kubice bigoye hamwe numusaruro mwinshi

• Gusuzuma ubuhanga bwakazi hamwe nibisabwa mumahugurwa

Kubungabunga no gukemura ibibazo

Kubungabunga neza kugirango ibikorwa byizewe bizerike kandi biraguze ubuzima bwimashini.

Gusukura buri gihe no gusiga

• Gusukura buri munsi bya chip no gusiga

• Icyumweru cyo gutinda ibice byimuka no kuyobora inzira

• Kugenzura buri kwezi kwimiza myiza na Sityrams

Kugenzura no gusimbuza ibice byambara

• Reba kandi usimbuze ibikoresho byambarwa buri gihe

• Kugenzura spindle yivumbi urusaku rudasanzwe cyangwa kunyeganyega

• Gukurikirana no guhindura amakimbirane ya umukandara nkuko bikenewe

Ibibazo bisanzwe nibisubizo

1. Ubuso bubi burangiye

• Igisubizo: Reba kuri Wambare Wambare, Hindura Ibipimo byo Guta, cyangwa Kunoza Gukomera Ibikorwa

2. Kunyeganyega cyane

• Igisubizo: Kugenzura imashini iringaniye, komeza ibice birekuye, cyangwa kuringaniza ibice

3. Ibipimo bidahwitse

• Igisubizo: Imashini ya Calibrate, reba inyuma, cyangwa indishyi zo kwaguka

4. Urusaku rudasanzwe

• Igisubizo: Gukora iperereza kubishobora kubyara, ibice birekuye, cyangwa bidahagije

Muguhitamo witonze imashini ihuza kandi ushyira mubikorwa gahunda yo kubungabunga, abakora barashobora kugwiza umusaruro, ubuziranenge, nibikoresho byo kuramba mubikorwa byabo.

Birangira

Imashini zo gusya zigira uruhare rukomeye mugukora ibigezweho. Batanga ibisobanuro, bitandukanye, no gukora neza munganda zitandukanye.

Iyi ngingo yagaragaje ibintu byingenzi byamashini ahisha, harimo ubwoko bwabo, imikorere, hamwe na porogaramu. Gusobanukirwa uhagaritse, horizontal, CNC, hamwe n'imashini zose zo gusya birashobora gufasha kunoza imikorere.

Turagutera inkunga yo gushakisha kurushaho no gushyira mubikorwa ubu bumenyi mumishinga yawe.