Polymethyl Methacrylate, cyangwa PMMma, ni polymedi itandukanye. Azwi nka Acrylic, Plexiglas, cyangwa ikirahure kama, bihindura inganda zitandukanye.
Duhereye ku mucyo wo kubaka, imitungo idasanzwe ya Pmma ituma ntangarugero. Muri iyi nyandiko, tuzashakisha ibiranga PMMma, porogaramu, n'impamvu ari ngombwa mu gukora gukora ibigezweho.
PMMA ni iki?
PMMA, cyangwa Polymethyl Methacrylate, ni polymeti itandukanye. Birazwi kubisobanutse neza kandi biramba. Uyu mucyo, umucyo wijimye ukora nkubundi buryo bwiza cyane ku kirahure kandi Polycarbonate.
Akenshi witwa Acrylic cyangwa Plexiglas, PMMma yirata ibintu bitangaje:
Umucyo woroshye (40% woroshye kuruta ikirahure)
Kumenagura-kwirwanya (inshuro 10 zikomeye kuruta ikirahure)
Ikwirakwizwa ryinshi (92% urumuri runyuze)
UV na Globant
Imiterere ya molekale
Muri rusange, PMMa yashizweho muri methyl methacrylate (mma) monomers. Imiterere ya MMA imeze ni C5H8o2 cyangwa CH2 = CCH3COOCH3.
Imiterere ya pmma plastike
Imiterere ya Pmma igira uruhare mubiranga bidasanzwe:
Pmma asangiye bimwe na bimwe nibindi bya plastiki nka Amatungo na PS mubijyanye no gukorera mu mucyo no guhinduranya. Ariko, ifite imitungo yayo yihariye ituma ikwiranye na porogaramu yihariye. Kubindi bisobanuro byukuntu Pmma ishobora gutunganywa, urashobora gushishikazwa no kwiga Gutera Acryclic Molding.
Imitungo ya pmma (acrylic)
Ibintu byumubiri bya Pmma
| umutungo | / ibisobanuro |
| Ubucucike | 1.17-1.20 G / CM⊃3; |
| Ibisobanuro bya optique | 92% byoherejwe |
| Hejuru | Hejuru |
| Kurwanya | Nibyiza (byiza kurenza iyindi mucyo polymes nka polycarbonate, ariko munsi yikirahure) |
| Uburemere | 40% yoroheje kuruta ikirahure |
| UV Kurwanya UV | Kurwanya neza kuri UV Imirasire |
| Kurwanya ikirere | Kurwanya cyane ikirere |
| Mu mucyo | Byiza (bidafite ibara kandi bisobanutse) |
| Indangagaciro | 1.49 |
Imitungo ya mashini ya pmma
| byumutungo | Ibisobanuro |
| Imbaraga za Tensile | 65 MPA / 9400 PSI |
| Imbaraga zoroheje | 90 MPA / 13000 PSI |
| Tensile Modulus | 2300-3300 MPA |
| Hejuru | Hejuru |
| Kurwanya ingaruka | Gaciro ugereranije na plastiki zimwe, ariko hejuru kuruta ikirahure |
| Kurwanya | Nibyiza (byiza kurenza iyindi mucyo polymes nka polycarbonate, ariko munsi yikirahure) |
| Umutekano | Byiza (bitewe nubushuhe buke) |
| Gukomera | Gishyira mu gaciro (homopolymes ni byoroheje, copolymers iragoye) |
| Gukomera | Hejuru |
| Imyitwarire yananiye | Irashobora kugaragara muri wöhler umurongo wimbaraga zuzuye zitandukanye |
| Umunyoni | Ikomeza kuvunika ndetse n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru |
Ibiranga Ubushyuhe bwa Pmma
| Yumuhanda Agaciro | / Ibisobanuro |
| Ubushyuhe bw'ikirahure | 106 ° C (Kugera kuri 115 ° C kumadozi) |
| Ubushyuhe bworoshye (Vicat B) | 84-111 ° C (ukurikije amagambo ya molar) |
| Ubushyuhe bwo guhindura ubushyuhe | 95 ° C / 203 ° F (@ 0.46 MPA / 66 PSI) |
| Ntarengwa ntarengwa yo gukoresha ubushyuhe | Kugeza kuri 70 ° C. |
| Ubushyuhe bwa Auto-gutwika | 400-465 ° C. |
| Kurwanya ubushyuhe | 60-80 ° C (intera rusange) |
| Kwaguka | Hejuru kuruta ikirahure cyangwa ibyuma |
| Gutwika | Byoroshye gukubitwa (UL 94 HB Ibyiciro) |
| Gushonga ubushyuhe (kubitunganya) | 200-250 ° C (Gutera inshinge) |
| Ubushyuhe bukabije | 180-250 ° C. |
| Ubushyuhe bukabije | 150-180 ° C (Kugera kuri 200 ° C kumiryango myinshi ya molar) |
Kurwanya imiti ya Pmma
| Kurwanya imiti | Ibisobanuro bya |
| Irwanya | |
| Ntibirwanya | Acide ikomeye na alkalis Benzene Polar Ketones Esters Abakora Hydrocarbone Hydrocarbone |
| Intege nke | Byongerwa no guhangayikishwa no kunyeganyega Irashobora kwangirika kubijyanye na H2O2, Acetone, inzoga |
| Kurwanya ikirere | Kurwanya Byinshi Kubohora Nimirasire ya Ultraviolet |
| Kwinjiza amazi | Ubushuhe buke no kwinjiza amazi |
| Kurwanya amazi yumunyu | Bitagize ingaruka ku mazi y'umunyu |
Amashanyarazi ya PMMA
| byumutungo wamashanyarazi | Ibisobanuro |
| Inshinge z'amashanyarazi | Inyigisho nziza z'amashanyarazi, cyane cyane kuri byinshi |
| Imikorere myinshi | Munsi ya polyethylene na polystyrene muguhangana |
| Gutakaza | Ikomeza guhagarara mugihe gisanzwe |
| Kurwanya hejuru | Ikomeza guhagarara mugihe gisanzwe |
| Birenze | Nibyiza kubice byo kubyara munganda z'amashanyarazi |
| Kwishyuza | Ikunda hejuru yo kwishyurwa |
| Antistatike | Akenshi bisaba inkingi za antistique |
| Imbaraga zimyidagaduro | Hejuru |
| Gutandukanya ibintu | Hasi |
Umusaruro wa PMMA
Pmma, cyangwa acrylic, ikorwa na polymerimbing methyl methacrylate (mma). MMA ningingo kama hamwe na formula ch2 = c (ch3) cooch3. Ni ibara ritagira ibara, ridafite impumuro nziza.
PolyMorination ya MMA
Amasakubiri ya MMA arashobora gukorwa akoresheje uburyo butandukanye:
Ubushyuhe bwinshi
Uburyo bwinshi bwo gukora umusaruro wa PMMA
MMA irashyuha kugeza 100-150 ° C.
Kuri ubu bushyuhe, MMA Molekile ihuza kugirango ikore iminyururu ya polymer
Cataltic Poly
Imirasire ya polymeiriation
Guhitamo uburyo bwa polyrimation biterwa numutungo wifuza no gukoresha gukoresha pmma.
Gutererana kuri Europlas
Gushiraho ibicuruzwa bya Pmma
Nyuma ya polymeration, PMMma irashobora gushingwa muburyo butandukanye:
Impapuro na Block
Amasaro
Resive
Inzira yo gushiraho igira ingaruka kumiterere yanyuma yibicuruzwa bya Pmma. Kurugero, impapuro zakagari zifite isura nziza ya optique ugereranije nazo.
MMA ikorwa na copolymerisation ya Acryloyl chloride hamwe na methanol. Iyi mirimo iremeza ko monomer itunganijwe yo hejuru kumusaruro wa PMMA.
Uburyo bwumuriro na gitaliyani bukoreshwa cyane munganda. Batanga impirimbanyi nziza yo gukora umusaruro no gutanga umusaruro.
Imirasire ya polymeiriation, mugihe idasanzwe, itanga ibyiza bidasanzwe. Iremerera kugenzura neza inzira yo gupanwa kandi irashobora kubyara pmma hamwe nibintu byihariye.
Gutunganya uburyo kuri pmma plastike
PMMA irashobora gutunganywa ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye, bitewe nuburyo bwifuzwa numutungo wibicuruzwa byanyuma.
Gutera inshinge
Gushonga pmma yatewe mu cyuho
Yemerera imiterere igoye hamwe nubushishozi bukabije
Ibyiza: Byihuta, gukora neza, kandi bikwiranye numusaruro mwinshi
Kubindi bisobanuro birambuye kuri iki gikorwa, urashobora kwerekeza kubuyobozi bwacu Gutera Acryclic Molding.
Ibishushanyo mbonera
Umushinga ukurikirana kugirango ukureho igice cyoroshye
Urukuta rumwe rwurukuta rwo no gukonja
Gutobora bikwiye no gukomera kugirango wirinde inenge
Gukemura ibibazo bisanzwe
Ibimenyetso bya Sink: Byatewe ninkuta zuzuye cyangwa gukonjesha bidahagije
Kurwana : Kubera ubukonje butaringaniye cyangwa bubumba
Gutwika ibimenyetso: Bitewe no kwishyurwa cyangwa gufata umwuka
Kurutonde rwuzuye rwibibazo, reba ibisobanuro byacu kuri Gutera inshinge kubungabunga inenge.
Ibintu by'ingenzi
Mbere yo gukama pmma kugirango wirinde inenge zijyanye nubushuhe
Kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo gutunganya (200-250 ° C)
Gushushanya angles (1-2 °) kugirango byoroshye gutanga
Ibice bya modded kugirango bigabanye imihangayiko yimbere
Kugirango habeho ibisubizo byujuje ubuziranenge, ni ngombwa gukomeza Gutera inshinge.
Kuzamuka
Pmma irashonga kandi ihatirwa kugwa
Bitanga imyirondoro cyangwa impapuro
Ibyiza: Igiciro-cyiza mugihe kirekire, gihamye
Gupfa igishushanyo na kalibrasi
Inzira ndende
Gukata imyirondoro irangiye kugirango yifuze
Gucukura umwobo cyangwa ibiranga Gusya
Ibikorwa bya kabiri nko kunama cyangwa gukora
Theruforming
Gushyushya Impapuro za Pmma kugeza Daliable
Gushushanya urupapuro hejuru yubutaka ukoresheje icyuho cyangwa igitutu
Ibyiza: Ibice binini, byoroheje-bikikijwe hamwe nimirongo igoye
Ibikoresho bya Mold nuburyo bunoze
Ibibumba birashobora gukorwa mu biti, aluminium, cyangwa ibikoresho bigize
Uburyo bwo gushyushya burimo infrared, convection, no guhanama
Gutembera no kurangiza
Imashini no guhimba
PMMA irashobora gukoreshwa ukoresheje ibikoresho bisanzwe
Gutema, gucukura, no gusya nibikorwa rusange
Ibyiza: Bitandukanye kandi bikwiranye nibice bito cyangwa prototypes
Gukata kwa Laser no gushushanya
Gusomana no kuvura hejuru
Guhuza no guterana
Ibice bya Pmma birashobora guhuzwa ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye
Solventing: ukoresheje ibicuruzwa kugirango ushishoze kandi uhagarike ibice hamwe
Sima ihuza: ukoresheje pmma-guhuza
Gufunga imashini no gufata-bihuye
Ukoresheje imigozi, bolts, cyangwa gufata-guhuza
Yemerera guhungabana no gusimbuza ibice
Kunenza no gushyiramo molding
Kubindi bisobanuro kuri ubu buhanga, reba ubuyobozi bwacu kuri Shyiramo kubumba.
Guhitamo uburyo bwo gutunganya biterwa nibintu nka:
Kubibara neza mubikorwa byo kubumba, reba ubuyobozi bwacu kuri ITANGAZO RY'IBIBAZO KUBIKORWA.
Kongera imitungo ya Pmma
PMMA ni plastiki itandukanye, ariko rimwe na rimwe ikenera imbaraga kugirango ihuze ibisabwa. Ayo niho abayongereye binjiye. Barashobora kuzamura imitungo ya Pmma, bigatuma birushaho akamaro.
Ingaruka
Ongera uburwayi bwa Pmma hamwe no kurwanya ingaruka
Nibyiza kumutekano hamwe na porogaramu yo hejuru
Ingero: ibice bya reberi, guhinduranya-shell
UV stabilizers
Rinda PMMA kuva kumuhondo no gutesha agaciro byatewe na UV
Ngombwa mugusaba hanze no gukoresha igihe kirekire
Ibibanza bisanzwe UV: Benzotrizoles, Benzophenones, Hals
Plastizers
Kuzamura pmma byoroshye no kwiyoroshya
Ingirakamaro kubisabwa nkigitsina gore no kwerekana byoroshye
Ingero: Dibutyl Phthalate, Dioctyl Phthalate, Butyl Benzyl Phthalate
Amabara na Dyes
Ongeraho ibara kuri pmma kubikorwa byo kwishushanya no gukora
Irashobora gukora ibintu bisobanutse, bisobanutse, cyangwa quaque hues
Ubwoko: Isaha ngenga, pigment idasanzwe, ingaruka zidasanzwe
Imyumbangu
Hindura imitungo ya Pmma mu kwinjiza abandi monomers
Methyl acrylate itezimbere ituje kandi igabanya depolymetion mugihe cyo gutunganya
Andi Ma-Monomers: Ethyl Acrylate, Butyl Acrylate, Styrene
Fillers
Kunoza imbaraga za Pmma, gukomera, hamwe no gushikama
Gabanya igiciro usimbuye igice cya polymer
Ingero: Fibre yikirahure, fibre ya karubone, finerval filers
Izi nguzanyo zashyizweho mugihe cyimikorere yagaya cyangwa binyuze mu kwiyongera. Guhitamo kw'ibiyobyabwenge biterwa no kuzamura umutungo bikenewe.
| yongeyeho | Imikorere |
| Ingaruka | Ongera ubukana n'ingaruka zo kurwanya ingaruka |
| UV stabilizers | Kurinda umuhondo no gutesha agaciro kuva UV |
| Plastizers | Kuzamura guhinduka no kwiyoroshya |
| Amabara & Dyes | Ongeraho ibara kubikorwa byo gushushanya no gukora |
| Imyumbangu | Hindura imitungo nkubushyuhe |
| Fillers | Kunoza imbaraga, gukomera, no gukora neza |
Muguhitamo inyongeramubano zikwiye no guhitamo kwibanda kwabo, abakora barashobora kudoda imitungo ya Pmma kugirango bihuze ibyifuzo byihariye. Uku kwihindura kwagura akamaro ka PMMA munganda zitandukanye.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko mugihe inyongera zishobora kuzamura imitungo imwe, barashobora kandi kugira ibicuruzwa. Kurugero, wongeyeho impinduka zirashobora kugabanya gato gukorera mu mucyo. Gutondekanya neza birakenewe kugirango duringanize imitungo yifuzwa.
Ubwoko bwa pmma
PMMma ije muburyo butandukanye, buri kimwe gifite imitungo yihariye na porogaramu. Reka dusuzume bimwe muburyo busanzwe.
PMMA
Ubwoko bukoreshwa cyane bwa PMMA
Tanga ibisobanuro byiza hamwe no kurwanya ikirere
Nibyiza kubisabwa muri rusange
Erekana Imanza
Windows
Lens
Ingaruka-Yahinduwe PMMA
Kuvanga hamwe ningaruka zo kwiyongera kwiyongereyeho
Komeza urwego rwo hejuru rwo gukorera mu mucyo
Bikwiranye na porogaramu-yo hejuru
Umutekano
Inzitizi zo kurinda
UV-irwanya pmma
Emma
Capma
Byakozwe no gusuka amazi pmma resin mububiko
Ibisubizo muburyo bwiza bwo gutanga ibisobanuro
Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba ubuso bwiza
Amabara Pmma
Ubushyuhe bwa pmma
Yateguwe yo kurwanya ubushyuhe
Bikwiranye nubushyuhe bwo hejuru
Ikoreshwa aho isanzwe PMMA yaroroshye cyangwa ihindura
Dore imbonerahamwe yihuse:
| Andika | ibintu byingenzi | porogaramu zisanzwe |
| PMMA | Cyiza Cyiza, Kurwanya Ikirere | Erekana Imanza, Windows, Lens |
| Ingaruka | Kongera ubupfura, bikomeza gukorera mu mucyo | Umutekano uhindagurika, inzitizi zo kurinda |
| UV-irwanya | Irwanya umuhondo no gutesha agaciro kuva uv | Skylight, ibimenyetso, ibice byimodoka |
| Yaranze | Ubunini bumwe, imyirondoro | Amabati, Inkoni, imiyoboro |
| Bajugunywe | Ikirenze Sprique Optique, hejuru-ubuziranenge | Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga, Lewtique Lens |
| Ibara | Amabara atandukanye na Opaque | Ibimenyetso, byerekana, ibicuruzwa byabaguzi |
| Ubushyuhe | Kuzamura ubushyuhe, bikwiranye na temps nyinshi | Porogaramu aho isanzwe PMMA yarohamye / guhindura |
Gusaba PMMA PLOCTIS
Kugereranya kwa PMMA bituma habaho amahitamo azwi mubice bitandukanye.
Inganda zimodoka
Amatara yo hejuru yimodoka
Ibikoresho byatewemo hamwe
Imbere mu Gihugu no gushushanya
Kubindi bisobanuro kubisabwa bya plastike mu nganda zimodoka, reba ubuyobozi bwacu kuri Ibice byimodoka nibigize Inganda Gukora.
Inganda za Aerospace
Wige byinshi kubyerekeye porogaramu ya Aerospace muri twe Ibice bya aerospace nibigize ibice byo gukora .
Optics na eye owear
Kubaka n'Ubwubatsi
Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki no gucana
Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga
Amagufwa na prostal proshetics
Lens ontracular na lens lens
Ibikoresho byo gusuzuma nibikoresho byo kubaga
Kubindi byinshi kubisabwa mubuvuzi, reba ubuyobozi bwacu kuri Igikoresho cyibikoresho byubuvuzi Gukora.
Ibimenyetso kandi byerekana
Ibimenyetso bimurikirwa hamwe n'amasanduku yoroheje
Ingingo-yo kugura yerekana no kwerekana
Ingoro ndangamurage no kwishyiriraho ibihangano
Gukuramo U-Nuo Acryc cosmetic gupakira ibara ryibihuri bitagira umwuka
Ibicuruzwa byabaguzi
Kubindi bisobanuro kubicuruzwa byabaguzi, reba ibyacu Umuguzi no kurambagiza ibicuruzwa .
| Inganda | |
| Automotive | Umutwe wigifuniko, Ikibanza cya Shinel, Imbere |
| Aerospace | Indege ya Cabic |
| Optics & Eyewear | Lens |
| Kubaka | Skylight, inzitizi zurusaku, imbaho yo gushushanya |
| Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki | LED / LCD ya ecran, urumuri rutandukanye, fibre nziza |
| Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga | Ingwate y'amagufwa, lenst itungu, ibikoresho byo kubaga |
| Ikiranisha & Kwerekana | Ibimenyetso bimurikirwa, pop yerekana, Ingango Ndangamurage |
| Ibicuruzwa byabaguzi | Ubwiherero bwiza, amashusho, Amashanyarazi, Aquarium, Ibikombe |
Porogaramu ya Pmma ikomeje kwaguka nkabakora bavumbuye inzira nshya zo gukoresha imitungo yayo. Ihuriro ryayo ryo gusobanuka, imbaraga, no gutandukana bituma bituma bituma ibikoresho byabashushanya nabashakashatsi mumirima itandukanye.
Pmma plastiki na ibindi bikoresho
Mugihe uhisemo ibikoresho kubisabwa runaka, ni ngombwa kugereranya imitungo ya Pmma nibindi bikoresho bisanzwe. Reka dusuzume neza uburyo PMMA yikubita hejuru yikirahure, polycarbonate, nandi mashusho yubuhanga.
Pmma na Glall
PMMA na Polycarbonate (PC)
Imbaraga n'ingaruka zo kurwanya ingaruka
Ibisobanuro bya optique no kurwanya ikirere
Kurwanya imiti no gushikama
Pmma ifite imiti myiza yimiti, cyane cyane kuba aside hamwe na polivents
PC ifite ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru
Igiciro no gutunganya
PMMA muri rusange ihendutse kuruta PC
Ibikoresho byombi birashobora gutunganywa hakoreshejwe tekinike isa, nko gutera inshinge hamwe no gukandagira
Kubindi bisobanuro kuri polycarbonate, urashobora kugenzura ubuyobozi bwacu PC plastiki.
PMMA na Plastiki yubuhanga
Ushaka ibisobanuro birambuye kuri ibi bikoresho, urashobora kwerekeza ku bayobozi bacu kuri Ab plastiki, Amatungo ya plastiki , kandi Pa plastike (nylon).
Dore imbonerahamwe yo kugereranya incamake itandukaniro ryingenzi
| Umutungo | Pmma | ikirahure | pc | abs | amatungo | : |
| Ibisobanuro bya optique | ★★★★★ | ★★★★★ | ★★★★ | ★ | ★★★ | ★ |
| Kurwanya ingaruka | ★★★ | ★ | ★★★★★ | ★★★★ | ★★★ | ★★★★ |
| Kurwanya ikirere | ★★★★ | ★★★ | ★★★ | ★★ | ★★★ | ★★★ |
| Kurwanya imiti | ★★★★ | ★★★★ | ★★★ | ★★ | ★★★ | ★★★ |
| Ubushyuhe | ★★★ | ★★★★ | ★★★★ | ★★ | ★★★ | ★★★★ |
| Ibiciro-byiza | ★★★★ | ★★ | ★★★ | ★★★★ | ★★★ | ★★★ |
Mugihe uhitamo ibikoresho, suzuma ibisabwa byihariye. Ibintu nka gukorera mu mucyo, kurwanya ingaruka, gushikama ikirere, kurwanya imiti, gushikama, n'ibiciro bigomba kwitabwaho.
PMMA itanga guhuza bidasanzwe kumiterere itunganijwe neza kubisabwa. Ubwumvikane bwayo bwiza bwa optique, uv irwanya, hamwe no kurwanya imiti bitandukanije nibindi bya plastiki benshi byubuhanga.
Ariko, mubisabwa aho kurwanya ingaruka zikomeye cyangwa umutekano mwinshi bisabwa, ibikoresho nka Polycarbonate cyangwa Nylon birashobora kuba bikwiye.
Kubindi bisobanuro bijyanye no gutunganya ibi bikoresho, urashobora gushimishwa nubuyobozi bwacu kuri Gutera Acryclic Molding kandi imashini zatewe inshinge.
Ibidukikije n'umutekano bya PMMA PLOCTION
Mugihe usuzumye gukoresha PMMA, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ingaruka zayo zibidukikije n'umutekano. Reka dushakishe uburyo bwa Pmma butumvikana, uburozi, n'amabwiriza ajyanye n'amahame.
Gusubiramo no Kuramba
Uburozi no guhangayikishwa n'ubuzima
Amabwiriza n'amahame
Dore imbonerahamwe iri muri make ibintu byingenzi byabidukikije kandi byumutekano bya Pmma:
| birambuye | Ibisobanuro |
| Recyclability | 100% bisubirwamo binyuze muri Pyrolysis cyangwa depolymerisation |
| Ingaruka y'ibidukikije | Bisaba imbaraga n'umutungo; Gucunga imyanda neza ni ngombwa |
| Kuruhuka Ibiryo | BPA-Free na FDA byemewe guhura nibiryo |
| Kurwanya ibicuruzwa | Irekura ubushyuhe n'umwotsi igihe yatwitse; Ingamba zumutekano ukwiye |
| Guhura | Umukungugu na imyotsi birashobora gutera uburakari; PPE irasabwa |
| Kugera na Rohs | Ifatika hamwe no kugera ku mabwiriza ya Rohs |
| Ul 94 | UL 94 HB; Opome-Report-Repolitives irashobora gutera imbere kurwanya umuriro |
| Amahame ya ISO na ASTM | Ibipimo bitandukanye bikoreshwa mugusuzuma imiterere n'imikorere |
Umwanzuro
Pmma, cyangwa acrylic, ni plastiki itandukanye hamwe numutungo udasanzwe. Itanga umucyo cyane, kuramba, no kurwanya ikirere. Pmma irashobora kwiyongera hamwe ninyongera kandi itunganijwe ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye kugirango bihuze ibyifuzo byihariye.
Guhitamo ibikoresho byiza ni ngombwa kubishushanyo mbonera cyibicuruzwa. Imitungo ya Pmma ituma ikwiranye no kubamo, kubaka, kwa muganga, no kubaguzi.
INAMA: Birashoboka ko ushobora kuba ushishikajwe na plastique yose
