Gutera inshinge ni bumwe mu buryo bwiza kandi bunini bwo gutanga ibice bya plastike, cyane cyane mubunini bwinshi. Ubu buryo, ariko, ntabwo ari ibibazo. Imwe mu mpande zikomeje cyane abakora bagomba guhangana nimiterere yibibara byirabura hamwe nigiti cyumukara mubicuruzwa byabumbwe. Izi nzego nto zirashobora gusa nkingaruka, ariko barashobora kugabanya cyane imico myiza n'imikorere yikigizemo uruhare, biganisha ku gutinda kwangiza umusaruro, ibikorwa bihanze umusaruro, ibikorwa, cyangwa kwangwa ibicuruzwa. Kunganda zisaba ubushishozi buke, nkimodoka yo gukora, ubwo busembwa bushobora gutuma ibicuruzwa binanirwa.
Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma intandaro yibibanza byirabura n'amashani, uburyo bwo kubamenya, nibikorwa byiza byo gukumira no kugabanya ibyo tubaho.
Ikibanza cyirabura nicyo kitirabura?
Ibibara byirabura hamwe namabuye ni bito, byaho inenge zibaho hejuru cyangwa imbere. Mubisanzwe ni ibara ryijimye cyangwa umukara mubara kandi akenshi baboneka ahantu plastike yashongeshejwe cyane. Izi nzego zirashobora kugaragara ahantu hitaruye, imirongo, cyangwa nka cluster, bigatuma bigaragara haba kumaso yambaye ubusa no mubugenzuzi bwa microscopique.
Izi nzego zisanzwe zifitiye imirongo isuku, hafi yimbavu, inguni, cyangwa kurundi ngingo aho ibintu bihungabana. Bashobora kugaragara ku bushake, bigira ingaruka ku bujurire bw'intungane kandi, rimwe na rimwe, ubusugire bw'acyuma cyo kugisimba.
Ibiranga ibibara byirabura:
| byumutungo | Ibisobanuro |
| Ibara | Umukara cyangwa umukara, udatekereza |
| Imiterere | Umuzenguruko, flaky, uhujwe, ugera |
| Imiterere | Akenshi bivunika, byoroshye kumeneka |
| Ikwirakwizwa | Bidasanzwe; irashobora kugaragara hejuru cyangwa imbere |
Ibibanza byirabura ntabwo ari ikibazo cyo kwisiga; Rimwe na rimwe, byerekana ibibazo byimbitse mubikorwa byo gukurura, nko kwangiza ibikoresho cyangwa kwanduza ibintu cyangwa kwanduza, byombi bishobora guca intege igice no guteshuka mubikorwa. Ibi bireba cyane cyane mubikorwa byinshi aho gusobanurwa no kuramba ari urufunguzo.
Impamvu zibibanza byirabura hamwe nubucukuzi bubingwamo
Kugirango ukemure neza ibibara byirabura n'amashani, ni ngombwa kubanza kumva impamvu zabo. Mugusumbuye, izo nenge zirashobora guterwa nibintu bibiri byingenzi: Carbonisation yibintu no kwanduza.
1. GUKURIKIRA AMAFARANGA
Carbonisation ibaho mugihe ibikoresho bya plastiki byuzuye kandi bitangira gutesha agaciro, akenshi bitewe nigihe cyo gutura mu mashini yashizwemo. Mugihe ibikoresho bihuye nubushyuhe igihe kirekire, itangira gusenyuka, bikaviramo ibice biranga kugaragara nkibibara byirabura cyangwa ibikoresho byanyuma.
Ibintu byinshi birashobora kugira uruhare muri karubonisation, harimo:
Screw Kwambara
Igihe kirenze, kwambara hejuru ya screw birashobora gutera icyuma cya plastike cyo gutinda kurambika, biganisha kuri karubone.
Isi yose yashongeshejwe
Icyuho ku mashini ihuza (urugero, screw umutwe wa roketi, nozzle, flange) yemerera pulasitike ya shobuja guhagarara, gukora ibibara bya karbonied.
Umusaruro muremure
Inzinguzingo yagutse cyangwa ukoresheje imashini nini kubicuruzwa bito byongera umwanya wo guturamo ibikoresho muri barrile, urererezi akazu k'amakosa.
Amazi
Bamwe mu bahanga muri plastiki, nka pc, bakunda kubahiriza ibyuma bikabinyurwa, bikora ibice bya karubone mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Kwimenyesha mugihe gito no kwirukana ibikoresho mbere yo guhagarika bifasha kwirinda ibi.
Ubushobozi
Guhuza hagati yubunini bwibicuruzwa hamwe nubunini bwa screw burashobora gutuma ibintu byabaye igihe kirekire. Igihe cyiza cyo guturamo kiri munsi yiminota 5, gifite iminota ntarengwa 15. Kugabanya ubushyuhe bwa Barril bufasha kwirinda gutesha agaciro mugihe kirekire.
Inguni yapfuye mu mahanga
Inguni yapfuye kumutwe, Flange, na Nozzle irashobora gutunganya ibintu, bigatera gutesha agaciro no guhindura. Kwemeza inteko nziza irashobora kugabanya izi ngaruka.
Kwambara hejuru
Ubuso butaringaniye butera ubwoba ibintu, bitanga umusanzu mubice byirabura. Ibikoresho bitandukanye, nka PC cyangwa PMMma, bisaba amakoranire yihariye, mugihe alloy screws irakenewe mubikoresho byuzuye.
Ruswa
Ibintu byangiza (urugero, CO2, O2, acide) birashobora gutera ruswa hejuru yubuso, bikaviramo ibintu bitinda hamwe nibibara byirabura. Ukoresheje imigozi ya Nitride cyangwa igena kugabanya ibi.
| ikintu | gitera | gukumira karubone / imyitozo myiza |
| Screw Kwambara | Icyuma cya plastike gishonga hejuru yubuso bwambaye, biganisha ku kaza mugihe. | Kugenzura buri gihe no gusimbuza imigozi yambarwa; koresha igifuniko gikwiye kubikoresho. |
| Isi yose yashongeshejwe | Ikusanyiriza ikusanyiriza mu cyuho ku mashini ihuza. | Menya neza ko guhuza muri mashini; Mubisanzwe usukure nozzle, umutwe wa roketi, na flange. |
| Umusaruro muremure | Ibikoresho birebire kuguma muri barrale bitera gutesha agaciro. | Mugabanye ibihe byumusaruro; Imashini zisukuye hagati yizunguruka kugirango ukureho ibikoresho bisigaye. |
| Amahirwe y'ibikoresho | Ibikoresho nka PC byubahiriza ibyuma na karubone iyo bishyuwe. | Koresha intanga mugihe gito; Ibikoresho byirukana kandi ukore uruziga ruteye ubwoba mbere yo guhagarika. |
| Ubushobozi | Guhuza hagati yibicuruzwa hamwe nubunini bwa screw paralongs igihe cyo guturamo. | Hindura ingano ya screw kubicuruzwa byibicuruzwa; Imipaka yibasiye igihe kitarenze iminota 15. |
| Inguni yapfuye mu mahanga | Gushonga uhagaze kumutwe, Flange, nozzle, bikora ibibanza bya karubone. | Menya neza ko iteraniro ryiza; kugabanya inguni yapfuye mugihe cyo gushiraho mashini. |
| Kwambara hejuru | Ubuso butaringaniye butera ibikoresho kugirango bitinde kandi biteye isoni. | Koresha imiyoboro ikomeye cyangwa ya astoloy ishingiye kumikorere irabumbabumbwa; gusimbuza imigozi nkuko bikenewe. |
| Ruswa | Ibintu byangiza ibintu byashizweho na barrel hejuru. | Koresha sitridere cyangwa ipfunyitse kugirango ushire umuriro cyangwa ibikoresho byo gusahura. |
2. Kwanduza
Ku rundi ruhande, kwanduza, bivuga ibikoresho by'amahanga cyangwa ibice bitangiriye muri plastike mugihe cyo kubumba. Aba banduye barashobora guturuka ahantu hatandukanye, haba imbere ndetse no hanze:
Umukungugu n'Imyanda : Mubidukikije, cyane cyane amahugurwa, cyane cyane uduce twinshi dushobora gutura byoroshye kubikoresho cyangwa imashini, kwanduza plastike mugihe cyo kubumba. Ibi nibibazo cyane kubintu byamabara make cyangwa imbonerara.
Umwanda mubikoresho fatizo : Abanduye nabo barashobora kumenyekana kare muminyururu, mugihe cyo gupakira, gutwara, cyangwa gutunganya ibintu. Izi mndunduro ntizishobora kugaragara kumaso, ariko iyo zimaze kubumba, zigaragaza nkimiti yirabura cyangwa imirongo.
Ibintu bidukikije : No mubidukikije nkuko ibintu byo gufata ikirere cyangwa amashanyarazi magara bishobora guteza ibice byubahirizwa hejuru yibice, kumenyekanisha ubusembwa.
| isoko | Ibisobanuro |
| Umukungugu wo hanze | Umukungugu cyangwa imyanda mumahugurwa ahakorerwa |
| Umwanda mubikoresho | Kwanduza kuvanga mugihe cyo gutunganya |
| Ibintu by'ibidukikije | Ibice byo mu kirere cyangwa igorofa ikurura umukungugu |
Kwanduza akenshi birashobora kwirindwa binyuze mubuyobozi bwo murugo no kugenzura ibidukikije, ariko iyo bibaye, birashobora kugorana gukurikirana no gukuraho. Ibi bice byamahanga ntabwo bitenganya isura yikigice ahubwo birashobora kandi guca intege imiterere yabyo cyangwa guhindura imikorere yacyo.
Kumenya ibibara byirabura
Kumenya ibibanza byirabura birashobora gusa bisa nkibisobanuro, ariko kubikora hamwe nibisobanuro bisaba inzira itunganijwe. Mugihe ibibara binini byirabura bigaragarira byoroshye, inenge nyinshi ni microscopique kandi irashobora kugaragara gusa. Imyitozo isanzwe akenshi ikubiyemo kugenzura ibice munsi ya microscope kuri 200x. Ibi bituma isesengura rirambuye ryingano, imiterere, nahantu.
Gucira ibipimo ngenderwaho:
Ingano : Ibibanza byirabura birashobora kuva muri microscopique kuri milimetero byinshi muri diameter.
Aho uherereye : Inenge hejuru irashobora kuba ikabije kurenza ayo yashyizwemo ibice, bishobora kugira ingaruka kubunyangamugayo bwimiterere.
Imiterere : Ibibanza birashobora kugaragara bizenguruka, flaky, cyangwa nkumugezi cyangwa imirongo.
Ubukana : Inenge zimwe na zimwe ziroha gusa, mugihe abandi bashobora kwerekana ibibazo byimbitse bishobora gutuma umuntu yananiwe.
Ibipimo byo guca imanza Umukara
Kugirango uhanire, abatanga isoko n'abakiriya bombi bashingiye ku bipimo byashyizweho byo gusuzuma ibibanza byirabura. Ibipimo bifasha kumenya niba igice cyemewe gukoreshwa cyangwa bisaba igisubizo.
Ibipimo byo kugenzura ibicuruzwa : Abatanga ibikoresho fatizo bikunze gutanga umurongo ngenderwaho ku nzego zemewe n'umwanda wirabura. Ibipimo bifasha abakora bahitamo niba ibikoresho fatizo bibereye kubumba neza.
Ibipimo byabatijwe byabakiriya : Abakiriya barashobora kuba bafite ibyo basabwa kugirango ireme ryibicuruzwa byanyuma. Ibi ni ukuri cyane mu nganda nka electronics, ibikoresho bya automotive, hamwe nibicuruzwa byabaguzi, aho kugaragara bishobora kugira ingaruka ku isoko ryibicuruzwa.
Kurugero, inganda zimodoka zirashobora gusaba ibice bitagira inenge, kwihanganira byimazeyo ibibara byirabura cyangwa ubusembwa. Ibinyuranye, ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda birashobora kwihanganira inenge nto, idahwitse mugihe idafite ingaruka kubikorwa byagize.
Uburyo bwo gukumira no gukoresha ibibara byirabura
Mugihe ibibara byirabura nikibazo rusange mugushingwamo kubumba, birashobora kubuzwa binyuze muburyo bukwiye nubuhanga. Ingamba zo kwirinda kwibanda ku kubika ibikoresho isuku, kubungabungwa neza, no kwanduza.
1. Kubungabunga ingamba zo gukumira
Gusukura buri gihe : Kugirango wirinde kubaka ibikoresho bya karubone cyangwa ibihururwa, gusukura inkubi y'umugozi, ingunguru, n'ibibumba ni ngombwa. Gukoresha ibigo bisukura byinshi birashobora gufasha gukuraho ibikoresho bisigaye bishobora kugenda.
Sisitemu yo gusukurwa : Guhanagura buri gihe ukoresheje ibice byihariye byogufasha bifasha gukuraho plastike iyo ari yo yose yangiritse ishobora gutera ibibara byirabura.
Kubunganda igihe gito nigihe kirekire : Ibikoresho nkibikoresho, nozzles, nibibumba bigomba kugenzurwa kandi bibungabungwa buri gihe. Ibice byambarwa bigomba gusimburwa bidatinze kugirango birinde inenge zijyanye na wambara, akenshi zitera indabyo.
2. Gukemura Ibice byagaragaye
Iyo ibibara byirabura bigaragara, abayikora bagomba guhitamo niba igice gishobora gukorerwa cyangwa kigomba gukurwaho. Ibice bimwe nibibara byirabura birashobora gukomeza guhaza ibipimo byabakiriya niba inenge itari imiterere kandi yo kwisiga. Ariko, mugihe inenge iteshutse imikorere yigice cyangwa isura, igice gishobora gutabwa.
Ibice byo Gukora : Inzego zimwe zimwe zirashobora gusukurwa cyangwa gukosorwa niba ari nto kandi hejuru-urwego.
Gukuraho ibice bifite inenge : Mubisanzwe binegura, cyane cyane munganda nkameneka cyangwa aerospace, inenge iyo ari yo yose igaragara ni impamvu zo kwangwa.
Uburyo bwihariye bwo gukora isuku : Tekinike nko gukoresha amashusho ya soda ya soda cyangwa ibigo bisukuye byubucuruzi birashobora gufasha gukuraho ibibara byijimye byikinamiye mugihe cyumusaruro.
Nigute ushobora kunoza ibibazo byumukara
Mugihe gukumira nuburyo bwiza, abakora barashobora kandi kunoza ibintu byirabura binyuze mubikorwa bitandukanye. Ibi birimo ibintu byigihe gito nibikoresho byigihe kirekire byo kwita kubikoresho.
Ibisubizo by'igihe gito
Gusukura ibikoresho byuzuye : Ibikoresho nka PC + GF (fibre yikirahure) bigira akamaro mugusukura barrel ya screl mugukuraho ibikoresho bya karuboni.
Amagare yubushyuhe : Kugereranya ubushyuhe mugihe cyumusaruro birashobora gufasha kwikuramo ibisigisigi binangiye no kugabanya kubaka karubone.
Kubungabunga igihe kirekire
Kubungabunga imashini isanzwe : kubungabunga imigozi, ingunguru, nibindi bikoresho bigize imashini birashobora kugabanya cyane ibibara byirabura byatewe no kwambara ibintu cyangwa kwambara.
Ibidukikije bisukuye : Mubidukikije no muri elegict ntoya bitemewe, nko muri elegitoroniki cyangwa ibikoresho byo gukora ibikoresho bya elegitoriki, umusaruro wubuvuzi, umusaruro wubuvuzi urashobora gufasha kugabanya ibihuru byumuriro.
Guhitamo Ibikoresho : Guhitamo ibikoresho bidakunze gukandara cyangwa kwanduza birashobora kandi gufasha kugabanya ibibara byirabura, cyane cyane umusaruro muremure wiruka.
Gukemura ibibazo byirabura mubikorwa byo gutera inshinge
Iyo ibibara byirabura bigaragara, gukemura ibibazo ni ngombwa kugirango umenye intandaro no gushyira mubikorwa ibikorwa byo gukosora. Ibi akenshi bikubiyemo kureba ibintu byinshi byingenzi, harimo imiterere yibikoresho, ubwiza bwibikoresho, hamwe nuburyo bwo kubumba.
UBUYOBOZI BUKORESHEJWE:
| Bitera | igisubizo |
| Igihe cyo gutura | Mugabanye igihe cyo gutura; Menya neza |
| Umukungugu wo kwambara | Isuku hejuru buri gihe |
| Ubushyuhe butari bwo Barrel | Hindura no gukurikirana ubushyuhe bwa barrel |
Mugukemura gahunda kuri ibi bibazo, abakora barashobora kugabanya ibibera byirabura no kunoza ubuziranenge bwumusaruro rusange.
Umwanzuro
Ibibara byirabura hamwe nububiko buteye inshinge ntibirenze ikibazo cyo gusanga - birashobora kwerekana ibibazo byimbitse bitesha agaciro cyangwa kwanduza. Mugusobanukirwa ibitera izo nenge, gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zishinzwe gukumira, no gukora buri gihe, abakora barashobora kugabanya ibibara byirabura no kunoza ireme rusange ryibicuruzwa byabo. Ibi ntibigabanya imyanda gusa ahubwo binareba ko ibicuruzwa bihuye nibiteganijwe nabakiriya nibipimo ngenderwaho.
Kubwubuyobozi bwinzobere kumushinga wawe wo gukora, Twandikire. Abashakashatsi b'inararibonye bazagufasha kuyobora igishushanyo, guhitamo ibintu, nuburyo bwo gukora kugirango habeho ibisubizo byiza. Umufatanyabikorwa hamwe nitsinda FMG kugirango atsinde. Tuzafata umusaruro wawe kurwego rukurikira.
Ibibazo
1. Niki gitera ibibara byirabura nigikoresho cyumukara mugushingwa?
Ibibara byirabura hamwe nubusanzwe biterwa na karubone (mugihe plastiki yuzuye kandi igateganywa) cyangwa kwanduza (uduce twamahanga nkumukungugu cyangwa umwanda binjira muburyo bubi).
2. Nigute nshobora kubuza ibibanza byirabura gukora mubice byanjye byabumburwa?
Kugirango wirinde ibibara byirabura, menya neza isuku yimashini, koresha ibice bihamye kugirango ukureho ibikoresho bisigaye, kandi ukomeze ibikorwa bikwiye kugirango wirinde kwanduza.
3. Nigute ibibanza byirabura bigira ingaruka kumiterere yibicuruzwa byanjye?
Ibibanza byirabura birashobora kugira ingaruka mbi haba muburyo butandukanye bwibice byabumbwe, biganisha ku kunanirwa kubicuruzwa, cyane cyane mubikorwa bikomeye nkibikoresho byimodoka cyangwa ubuvuzi.
4. Ibibara byirabura burigihe ikimenyetso cyo gutesha agaciro?
Ntabwo buri gihe. Ibibara byirabura birashobora guturuka kuri karubone (gutesha agaciro) ariko birashobora no kubaho kubera kwanduza ibice byo hanze nkumukungugu cyangwa imyanda yatangijwe mugihe cyo kubumba.
5. Nigute nshobora kumenya ibibanza byirabura mubicuruzwa byabumbwe?
Ibibara byirabura birashobora kumenyekana muburyo bugaragara, ariko kubwinyungu nto, microscope byibuze kugirango umenye ubunini bwa 200x bukoreshwa mugusuzuma ubunini, imiterere, hamwe nindyumuntu.
6. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kubungabunga bufasha kugabanya ibibanza byirabura mugushingwa?
Mubisanzwe usukure kandi ugenzure imirongo, ingunguru, nibikoresho byo kwambara cyangwa kwangiza. Kandi, koresha ibice bitesha agaciro no kwemeza umwuka mwiza nisuku mubidukikije kugirango ugabanye umwanda.
7. Ibibanza byirabura birashobora gukurwaho ibice bimaze kubumba?
Rimwe na rimwe, ibibara byirabura birashobora gukurwaho binyuze mubikorwa, nko gusya cyangwa gusukura hejuru. Ariko, niba inenge iri imbere cyangwa iteshutse kuba inyangamugayo, igice gishobora gutabwa.
