dingɛw jɔyɔrɔ ka bon kosɛbɛ ɛntɛrinɛti la ani . CNC machining , nka ka suguya, taamasiyɛnw ani baarakɛcogo suguyaw faamuya, o bɛ se ka gɛlɛya. Yala i delila k’i yɛrɛ ɲininka ko counterbore hole ye mun ye walima cogo min na i bɛ se ka hole callouts différentes dɔn injiniyɛri jaw la wa?
Nin barokun bɛna don dingɛ suguya caman na minnu bɛ kɛ ɛntɛrinɛti kan, i n’a fɔ dingɛ fiyentɔw, dingɛw fɛ, dingɛw kɛlɛli, ɲɛda dingɛw, ani fɛn wɛrɛw. An bɛna u ka jogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw, u ka baarakɛcogo, ani u dɔncogo sɛgɛsɛgɛ ɛntɛrinɛti jaw la ni taamasiyɛnw ni welekanw ye minnu bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni sariya ye.
Dingɛw nafa ka bon ɛntɛrinɛti la .
Dingɛw jɔyɔrɔ ka bon kosɛbɛ ɛntɛrinɛti baara suguya caman na. U bɛ baara caman kɛ, k’a ta nɛgɛw ni jiw tɛmɛni na ka se ka fɛnw sirilanw minɛ. Dingɛw nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ ni fɛn jatebaliya ye, minnu bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛsin fɛn jatebaliya ma, minnu bɛ kɛ ni ɛntɛrinɛti ye.
Masina-ko la, dingɛw bɛ Kɛ ka yɔrɔw siri ɲɔgɔn na. Dingɛ minnu bɛ siri, olu bɛ ni kɔnɔna jiriw ye minnu bɛ da ni tapping walima thread milling ye, olu bɛ a to bololanɛgɛw ni juruw ka se ka yɔrɔw minɛ ka ɲɛ u nɔ na. Faan wɛrɛ fɛ, yɔrɔ bɛ yɔrɔ di fɛnw sirilanw ma u ka tɛmɛ ni jiriw ye.
Dingɛw fana nafa ka bon kuran ni ɛntɛrinɛti baara la. PCBw (circuit boards sɛbɛnnenw) bɛ u jigi da dingɛw kan walasa ka ɛntɛrinɛti yɔrɔw wuli ani ka u don ɲɔgɔn na. Dingɛw fɛ (Ø thru) bɛ se ka nɛgɛw ni nɛgɛw tɛmɛ, ka sɔrɔ ka dingɛ fiyentɔw, minnu taamasiyɛn ye ⌴ taamasiyɛn ye, olu bɛ juguya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen di yɔrɔw bilali ma.
Ka dingɛw faamuya .
Jɛkulu ka ɲɛfɔli ni a ka jogo .
A cogoya, a bonya ani a juguya .
Dingɛw ye fɛn nafamaw ye ɛntɛrinɛti dilanni na. U bɛ Nà ni cogoya caman ye, u bonya ani u juguya ye. Dingɛ suguya basigilenba ye da tilennen ye min bɛ ni sɛrɛkili sɛrɛkili ye, min bɛ jira ni Ø taamasiyɛn ye.
Dingɛ cɛmancɛ ye dingɛ dilanni yɔrɔba ye. A bɛ sirilanw walima fɛnw hakɛ jateminɛ minnu bɛ se ka tɛmɛ walima ka don dingɛ kɔnɔ. Dugukolo juguya ye jogo nafama wɛrɛ ye, min b’a jira ko dingɛ bɛ taa fo yɔrɔ min na ka don fɛn na.
Dingɛ yɔrɔ ni a muɲuni .
Dingɛ yɔrɔ nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ ɛntɛrinɛti baarakɛminɛnw na. A bɛ a lajɛ ni fɛnw bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ cogo bɛnnen na ani u baaracogo ɲuman. Tolerances (Muɲuli) bɛ ʃyɛnta hakɛ ni a jɔyɔrɔ caman ɲɔgɔnna min bɛ Sɔn.
Dingɛ yɔrɔ tigitigi nafa ka bon ɲɔgɔn lajɛli taabolo la. Dingɛ minnu ma bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma, olu bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka fɛnw labɛn ani ka baara kɛcogo tiɲɛ. Tolerances bɛ dɛmɛ ka yɔrɔw ka ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔli ni u ɲɔgɔn falen-falen sabati.
Callout Symbols on Engineering Jaw bɛ dingɛw ɲɛfɔcogo jira. Olu ye cɛmancɛ, juguman ani yɔrɔ hakɛ ye. O taamaʃyɛnw kɔrɔfɔli ɲuman nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ masinw ni dingɛw dabɔli la.
Masini fɛɛrɛw dingɛ dabɔli la .
Drilling, sɛgɛn, reaming, ani fɛn wɛrɛw .
Masina-fɛɛrɛ suguya caman bɛ Kɛ ka dingɛw Dabɔ ɛntɛrinɛti yɔrɔw la. Fɛɛrɛ sugandili bɛ bɔ fɛnw na i n’a fɔ dingɛ hakɛ, a juguya, a tiɲɛni wajibiyalenw, ani a fɛnw cogoyaw. Dingɛw dilanni taabolo minnu bɛ Kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ olu dɔw ye:
1.Drilling: Nin ye fɛɛrɛ ye min ka teli ka kɛ ka silinda dingɛw dilan. O ye ka baara Kɛ ni drill bitiki ye min bɛ Yɛlɛma ka Kɛ ka fɛn Bɔ a la ani ka dingɛ dɔ Dabɔ a cɛmancɛ ni a juguya ɲininen bɛ min na.
2.Baara: Boring bɛ kɛ ka dingɛ minnu tun bɛ yen ka kɔrɔ, olu ka tiɲɛni walima ka ɲɛ. O ye ka baara Kɛ ni dakun kelen tigɛ-minɛn ye walasa ka fɛn dɔw Bɔ dingɛ in sanfɛla la, ka hakɛ tigitigiw Sɔrɔ ani ka finimugu nɔgɔlenw Sɔrɔ.
3.Reaming: Reaming ye finiko baara ye min bɛ so sanfɛla fini ni a bonya tiɲɛni ɲɛ ka ɲɛ dingɛw kɔnɔ minnu bɛ sɔgɔ walima minnu sɛgɛnnen don. O ye ka baara kɛ ni tigɛminɛn ye min da caman bɛ yen, n’o bɛ wele ko reamer walasa ka fɛn hakɛ fitininw bɔ ani ka fini dafalen sɔrɔ.
4.Thread milling: Thread milling ye wale ye min bɛ kɛ ka kɔnɔna jiriw dilan dingɛw kɔnɔ. O ye ka baara Kɛ ni jiri-minɛn ye walasa ka jiriw Tigɛ dingɛ in sanfɛla la, o bɛ Kɛ sababu ye ka nɛgɛ sirilanw Kɛ ka ɲɔgɔn Lajɛ.
Dingɛw dilanni fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen wɛrɛw ye:
● Tapping: Ka kɔnɔnafɛnw dilan ni tapping baarakɛminɛn ye .
● counterboring: ka bɔgɔdaga belebeleba dɔ dilan dingɛ sɔgɔlen sanfɛ walasa ka bololanɛgɛ walima sɛrɛ kunkolow ladon .
● countersinking: ka conical recess dilan dingɛ da la walasa ka se ka flush fitting of flat-head vises .
Dingɛ suguya caman bɛ sɔrɔ ɛntɛrinɛti kan .
dingɛ nɔgɔmanw .
Dingɛ nɔgɔman ye mun ye?
Dingɛ nɔgɔman ye dingɛ suguya jɔnjɔn ye min bɛ Kɛ ɛntɛrinɛti kan. O ye 'kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la tigɛ-tigɛ ye fɛn dɔ la, a cɛmancɛ bɛ To a bɛɛ la. Dingɛ nɔgɔmanw dilanni ka nɔgɔn ani u bɛ baara caman kɛ.
O dingɛw bɛ se ka kɛ ni fɛɛrɛ suguya caman ye, i n’a fɔ sɔgɔli, punching, walima laser tigɛ. Fɛɛrɛ sugandili bɛ bɔ fɛnw na, a tiɲɛni wajibiyalen, ani a dilanni hakɛ.
Dingɛ nɔgɔmanw bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn caman ye, wa u bɛ se ka sɔrɔ fɛn caman na ani fɛn suguya caman na izini suguya caman kɔnɔ.
Callout taamasiyɛn ye dingɛ nɔgɔman ye .
Injiniyɛri jaw kan, dingɛ nɔgɔmanw bɛ jira ni cɛmancɛ taamasiyɛn (Ø) ye. O taamaʃyɛn bɛ tugu dingɛ cɛmancɛ la.
Misali la, dingɛ nɔgɔman min cɛmancɛ ye 10mm ye, o bɛna sɛbɛn ko 'ø10' ja kan. Ni dingɛ tɛmɛna fɛn bɛɛ fɛ, a bɛ se ka fɔ ko 'ø10 thru.'
Dingɛ nɔgɔman dɔ juguya fana bɛ Fɔ ja kan n'a ma Tɛmɛ fɛn in fɛ.
Baara kɛli ni dingɛ nɔgɔman ye .
Dingɛ nɔgɔmanw bɛ baara caman Kɛ ɛntɛrinɛti kan. U bɛ baara caman kɛ, i n’a fɔ:
● Ka yɔrɔw di walasa ka siri walima ka ɲɔgɔn lajɛ, i n’a fɔ bololanɛgɛw walima juruw ladonni .
● Ka yɔrɔ wɛrɛw labɛn walima ka u sɔrɔ yɔrɔ wɛrɛw la .
● A bɛ sira di ji walima gaziw tɛmɛni ma .
● A bɛ kɛ yɔrɔ ye min bɛ se ka sɔrɔ walima ka ɲɔgɔn kɛ ka ɲɛsin cɛnimusoya yɔrɔw ma .
Lajɛw la, dingɛ nɔgɔmanw bɛ kɛ ka caya walasa ka fɛn caman fara ɲɔgɔn kan. U bɛ sira di fɛnw sirilanw ma, i n’a fɔ bololanɛgɛw, juruw, walima rivetiw, walasa ka ɲɔgɔndan lakananenw dilan.
Dingɛ nɔgɔmanw fana bɛ se ka kɛ ka fɛnw girinya dɔgɔya u yɔrɔw la. Ni fɛnw bɔra minnu tɛ mako ɲɛ, dilanbagaw bɛ se ka yɔrɔ nɔgɔmanw dilan k’a sɔrɔ u ma fanga walima baarakɛcogo tiɲɛ.
Ka fara o kan, dingɛ nɔgɔmanw bɛ se ka kɛ ji walima gaziw ka fɛnw ye. U bɛ sira Di ji, fiɲɛ walima fɛn wɛrɛw tɛmɛni ma yɔrɔ walima ɲɔgɔn dalajɛlen dɔ fɛ.
Fiyentɔw ka dingɛw .
Fiyentɔw ka dingɛ ye mun ye?
Fiyentɔw ka dingɛ ye dingɛ sugu ye min tɛ tɛmɛ fɛn bɛɛ fɛ. A bɛ i n’a fɔ pocket walima cavity min juguya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen bɛ. Fiyentɔw ka dingɛw bɛ dilan ni fɛnw sɔgɔli ye, ka u sɔgɔ, walima ka u sɔgɔ fɛn kɔnɔ k’a sɔrɔ u ma kari ka taa fan dɔ fɛ.
Fiyentɔ dingɛ jugumanba bɛ se ka ɲɔgɔn ta ka kɛɲɛ ni a kɛcogo ye. Fiyentɔw ka dingɛ dɔw man bon, dɔw bɛ se ka dun kosɛbɛ. Dingɛ fiyentɔ dɔ duguma bɛ se ka kɛ fla ye, konon, walima ka kurukuru, ka kɛɲɛ ni tigɛminɛn cogoya ye min bɛ kɛ ka a dilan.
Fiyentɔw ka dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka caya fɛnw ni fɛn suguya caman na. U bɛ se ka sɔrɔ fɛn bɛɛ la, k’a ta motɛri blokiw la ka taa a bila ɛntɛrinɛti minɛnw na.
Callout taamasiyɛn ye fiyentɔ ye .
Injiniyɛri jaw kan, fiyentɔw ka dingɛw bɛ jira ni cɛmancɛ taamasiyɛn (Ø) ye min bɛ tugu dingɛ juguya la. A ka c’a la, a juguya bɛ fɔ ni juguya taamasiyɛn ye min bɛ i n’a fɔ darapo.
Misali la, dingɛ fiyentɔ min cɛmancɛ ye 10mm ye ani a juguya ye 20mm ye, o bɛ fɔ ko 'ø10 x 20' walima 'ø10 - 20 juguman.' Ni dunuya taamasiyɛn bɛ baara kɛ, a bɛna kɛ i n'a fɔ nin: 'Ø10 ⚑ 20.\
A nafa ka bon k’a dɔn ko dingɛ fiyentɔ dɔ juguya bɛ suman ka bɔ fɛn in sanfɛla la ka taa dingɛ jukɔrɔ. O ni dingɛ tɛmɛnen tɛ kelen ye, min bɛ Taa fogo bɛɛ la.
Fiyentɔw ka dingɛw baarakɛcogo .
Fiyentɔw ka dingɛw nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ ɛntɛrinɛti la. A ɲinini minnu ka ca kosɛbɛ, olu dɔw ye:
● Tapping: Fiyentɔw ka dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka caya ka taa ni u ye, o min ye jiriw tigɛcogo ye dingɛ kɔnɔ walasa ka sɔn juru walima bololanɛgɛ ma.
● Threading: i n’a fɔ tapping, threading bɛ jiriw tigɛ ka don fiyentɔw ka dingɛ kɔnɔ walasa ka jɛgɛnsira siri.
● Yɔrɔ sɔrɔli: Fiyentɔw ka dingɛw bɛ se ka kɛ fɛnw sɔrɔli ye walasa ka dɛmɛ don ka yɔrɔw labɛn walima ka u bila u jɔyɔrɔ la u lajɛtuma na.
● Kisɛw dɔgɔyali: Tuma dɔw la, fiyentɔw bɛ se ka kɛ ka yɔrɔ dɔ girinya dɔgɔya k’a sɔrɔ a ma a fanga walima a baarakɛcogo tiɲɛ.
Fiyentɔw ka dingɛw fana bɛ kɛ ka caya walasa ka fɛnw sigi walima ka u siri. Misali la, fiyentɔw ka dingɛ bɛ se ka kɛ ka sɔn dowel pinɛ ma min bɛ se ka digi walima ka don a kɔnɔ.
Baara dɔw la, fiyentɔw ka dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka tulu kɛ walima ka nɛnɛmafɛnw lase. Dingɛ bɛ se ka kɛ ka tulumafɛn walima nɛnɛmadalan bila yɔrɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔ la baara kɛtuma na.
dingɛw kɔnɔ .
Tɛmɛsira ye mun ye?
A tɛmɛ dingɛ ye dingɛ sugu dɔ ye min bɛ Tɛmɛ pewu fɛn walima fɛn dɔ fɛ. A tɛ i n’a fɔ dingɛ fiyentɔ, min juguya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen bɛ, dingɛ min bɛ tɛmɛ, o bɛ da dɔ da fɛn fan fila bɛɛ la. O kɔrɔ ye ko i bɛ se ka yeelen ye dingɛ kɔnɔ ka bɔ fan kelen fɛ ka taa fan wɛrɛ fɛ.
Dingɛw bɛ Se ka Kɛ ni fɛɛrɛ suguya caman ye, i n’a fɔ sɔgɔli, punching, walima laser tigɛ. Fɛɛrɛ sugandili bɛ bɔ fɛnw na, a tiɲɛni wajibiyalen, ani a dilanni hakɛ.
Dingɛw sababu fɛ u ka ca kosɛbɛ ɛntɛrinɛti la wa u bɛ se ka sɔrɔ fɛn caman na ani u yɔrɔ caman na. A ka ca a la, u bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw siri, ka u labɛn, walima ka tɛmɛsira dɔ da ji walima gaziw kama.
Callout taamasiyɛn ka tɛmɛ dingɛw kan .
Injiniyɛri ja kan, dingɛw bɛ jira ni cɛmancɛ taamasiyɛn ye (Ø) o kɔfɛ daɲɛ 'thru' walima 'through.'
Misali la, a tɛmɛnen kɔ dingɛ min cɛmancɛ ye 10mm ye, o tun bɛna fɔ ko 'ø10 thru' walima 'ø10 through' ja kan. O b’a jira ko dingɛ bɛ taa fo ka se o fɛn ma.
Ni tɛmɛyɔrɔ dɔ ye lajɛ dɔ ye walima ni wajibi kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw bɛ a la, i n’a fɔ muɲuli walima ɲɛda finiw, o fana bɛna ɲɛfɔ ja kan.
Baara minnu bɛ kɛ ka tɛmɛ dingɛw kan .
Dingɛw sababu fɛ, nafa caman bɛ sɔrɔ ɛntɛrinɛti la. A ɲinini minnu ka ca kosɛbɛ, olu dɔw ye:
● A sirili: A ka ca a la, dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka bolokɔniw, juruw, walima fɛn wɛrɛw kɛ ka u yɔrɔw fara ɲɔgɔn kan.
● Labɛnni: Dingɛw fɛ, u bɛ se ka kɛ fɛnw sɔrɔli ye walasa ka dɛmɛ don ka yɔrɔw labɛn walima ka u bila ɲɔgɔn na u lajɛ waati la.
● Ji walima gazi bɔli: Dingɛw fɛ, u bɛ se ka tɛmɛsira dɔ da ji walima gaziw ye walasa u ka tɛmɛ yɔrɔ walima u lajɛyɔrɔ dɔ fɛ.
● girinya dɔgɔyali : Tuma dɔw la, dingɛw bɛ se ka kɛ ka yɔrɔ dɔ girinya dɔgɔya k’a sɔrɔ a ma a fanga walima a baarakɛcogo tiɲɛ.
Dingɛw fana bɛ Kɛ ka caya kuran ni ɛntɛrinɛti yɔrɔw la. Misali la, tuma caman na, ciriw (PCB) sɛbɛnnenw bɛ sɔrɔ dingɛw fɛ minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw sigi walima ka kuran jɛgɛnw dilan.
Baara dɔw la, dingɛw sababu fɛ, u bɛ kɛ ka fiɲɛ bila walima ka u nɛnɛ. Dingɛw bɛ fiɲɛ bila ka tɛmɛ a yɔrɔ walima a lajɛyɔrɔ dɔ fɛ, o bɛ dɛmɛ ka funteni jɛnsɛn ani ka sumaya kojugu bali.
Dingɛ minnu bɛ tigɛ .
Dingɛ min tigɛra, o ye mun ye?
Dingɛ min bɛ tigɛ, o ye dingɛ sugu dɔ ye min tɛ taa ɲɛ walima min bɛ dafa. O ye dingɛ ye min bɛ Tɛmɛ walima min bɛ Tɛmɛ ni fɛn wɛrɛ ye, i n'a fɔ slot, groove, walima dingɛ wɛrɛ. O bɛ discontinuité walima interruption (dafalen) Dabɔ dingɛ ka geometry (jatebɔ) la.
Dingɛ minnu bɛ tigɛ, olu bɛ dilan cogoya la ni sɔgɔli ni sɔgɔli baara faralen ye ɲɔgɔn kan. O kɛcogo in bɛ Kɛ ni dingɛw ye minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn kan ka Tɛmɛ ka sɔrɔ ka fɛn tɔ Tolenw Bɔ walasa ka cogoya ɲininen Dabɔ.
Callout taamasiyɛn ye dingɛ tigɛlenw ye .
Weele taamasiyɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen si tɛ yen dingɛ tigɛlenw na ɛntɛrinɛti ja kan. O nɔ na, fɛn kelen-kelen minnu bɛ dingɛ tigɛlen in Kɛ, olu bɛ Weele cogoya la kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la.
Misali la, ni dingɛ tigɛlen dɔ ye dingɛ sɔgɔlenw ni sɔgɔlilan ye, ja in bɛna dingɛ sɔgɔlenw cɛmancɛ ni u juguya jira, ka fara sɔgɔlilan yɔrɔ bonya, a janya ani a juguya kan.
Tuma dɔw la, dingɛ tigɛlen bɛ se ka wele ko fɛn kelen, ni fɛn kelen-kelenw ɲɛfɔlen don sɛbɛnniw walima muɲuliw kɔnɔ. O bɛ kɛ tuma caman na walasa ka jɛya walima ka nɔgɔya, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la ni dingɛ tigɛlen ye yɔrɔ in nafama ye.
Baara minnu bɛ kɛ ni dingɛ tigɛlenw ye .
Dingɛ minnu tigɛra, olu nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ ɛntɛrinɛti la. A ɲinini minnu ka ca kosɛbɛ, olu dɔw ye:
● Jὲɲɔgɔnya kɛcogo: Dingɛ tigɛlenw bɛ Se ka Kɛ ka cɛnimusoya kɛcogo dɔw Dabɔ minnu bɛ Se ka yɔrɔ fla Kɛ ɲɔgɔn na walima ka ɲɔgɔn Sɔrɔ.
● Yɔrɔw tigɛcogo: Dingɛ minnu tigɛra, olu bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka fɛn wɛrɛw walima fɛn wɛrɛw ɲɛfɔ, i n’a fɔ nɛgɛw, kabali, walima fɛnw sirilanw.
● Kisɛw dɔgɔyali: Tuma dɔw la, dingɛ tigɛlenw bɛ se ka kɛ ka yɔrɔ dɔ girinya dɔgɔya k’a sɔrɔ a ma a fanga walima a baarakɛcogo tiɲɛ.
● nɛnɛmada walima tulumafɛnw: Dingɛ minnu tigɛra, olu bɛ se ka tɛmɛsira dɔw dilan nɛnɛmadalan walima tulumafɛnw ka tɛmɛ yɔrɔ walima lajɛ dɔ fɛ.
Dingɛ tigɛlenw nafa fɔlɔ dɔ ye k’u bɛ sira Di jateminɛ gɛlɛnw ma ani fɛnw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ jɛɲɔgɔnyaw ma. Ni u ye jirituru ni sɔgɔli baaraw fara ɲɔgɔn kan, dilanbagaw bɛ se ka dingɛw dilan minnu tɛ se ka kɛ ni baara kelen ye.
Nka, dingɛ minnu tigɛra, olu dilanni fana bɛ se ka gɛlɛya ka tɛmɛ dingɛ nɔgɔmanw kan. U bɛ labɛnni ni waleyali ɲuman de wajibiya walasa ka a dɔn ko fɛn kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ bɛn ani ka ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ ka ɲɛ. Tolerances ani surface finiw fana bɛ se ka kɛ ko kɔrɔba ye dingɛw tigɛlenw na, bawo, ni u tɛ ɲɔgɔn ta walima ni u ka gɛlɛn, o bɛ se ka nɔ bila furuɲɔgɔnya kɛcogo la.
counterbore dingɛw .
counterbore hole ye mun ye?
A counterbore hole ye dingɛ sugu dɔ ye min janya ye fila ye. A bɛ Kɛ ni dingɛ ye min ka bon ni dingɛ ye min bɛ Dòn a yɔrɔ dɔ la ka Dòn fɛn na, o kɔ fɛ a bɛ Kɛ ni dingɛ fitinin ye min bɛ Taa sira bɛɛ fɛ. A cɛmancɛ yɔrɔ min ka bon, o bɛ wele ko counterbore, wa a dabɔra ka bolokɔni walima sɛrɛ kunkolo ladon.
A ka c’a la, counterbore holes bɛ Kɛ ni drill bitiki kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen ye min bɛ Weele ko counterbore baarakɛminɛn. Nin baarakɛminɛn in bɛ ni piloti kun ye min bɛ dingɛ fitinin dɔ sɔgɔ, ani tigɛda min ka bon ni a cɛmancɛ ye min bɛ counterbore dilan.
Callout taamasiyɛn ye counterbore dingɛw ye .
Ja minnu bɛ kɛ ɛntɛrinɛti kan, counterbore dingɛw bɛ jira ni counterbore taamasiyɛn ye, min bɛ i n’a fɔ sɛrɛkili ni square fitinin bɛ a kɔnɔ. Kɔnɔnatumuw cɛmancɛ bɛ Fɔ fɔlɔ, o kɔ fɛ, kùnnafoni-falen-falen juguya bɛ Kɛ. Dingɛ fitinin in cɛmancɛ ni a juguya fana bɛ Fɔ.
Misali la, counterbore hole ni 10mm diamètre counterbore min kɔnɔna ka dun, ani 6mm diamètre through hole tun bɛ wele ko '⌴ 10mm ⨯ 5mm, ∅6mm thru'.
Baara minnu bɛ kɛ ni counterbore dingɛw ye .
Kùncɛbaya dingɛw bɛ Kɛ ka caya injiniyɛri la baara suguya caman na, i n’a fɔ:
● Flush Mounting: counterbore dingɛw bɛ a to bololanɛgɛw walima juruw bɛ sigi ni fɛn in sanfɛla ye, ka kɛ sababu ye ka ɲɛda kɛ cogo nɔgɔman na ani cogo saniyalen na.
● Clearance (Yɔrɔ min bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛ): A bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka bolokɔfɛfɛn walima a sirilan kunkolo di, o b’a to a bɛ se ka wuli ka bɔ a nɔ na k’a sɔrɔ a ma fɛn dɔ kɛ a la.
● doni tilali: Kɔnɔnatumuw cɛmancɛ ka bon, o bɛ dɛmɛ ka bolokɔni walima juru doni tila yɔrɔba dɔ kan, ka degun hakɛw dɔgɔya.
Kùncɛbaya dingɛw bɛ Kɛ tuma caman na baarakɛminɛnw na minnu na jὲɲɔgɔnya sirilen ka kan ka barika Sɔrɔ ani ka Lakana, nka a fana ka kan ka Kɛ cogo saniyalen ni dafalen na. U bɛ sɔrɔ ka caya mobili ni aerospace yɔrɔw la, ani fana izini masinw ni minɛnw na.
Spotface dingɛw .
Spotface dingɛ ye mun ye?
Spotface dingɛ ye dingɛ sugu dɔ ye min bɛ kɛ ni fɛn ye min man dun, a ka c’a la, a bɛ kɛ ka yɔrɔ jɛlen dɔ da ka dingɛ lamini. A ka c’a la, spotface (yɔrɔ) ka dun dɔrɔn fo ka se ka fɛn o fɛn walima a gɛlɛya fɛn o fɛn saniya dingɛ lamini na, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka bolt walima screw (bololanɛgɛ walima sɛrɛ) kɛ a la.
Spotface dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka caya ka kɛɲɛ ni fɛnw filili ye walima ka u kɛ fɛn ye, yɔrɔ min na, fɛn in sanfɛla bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn gɛlɛn ye walima a bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min tɛ kelen ye. Ni spotface (yɔrɔ) dɔ Dabɔra dingɛ lamini na, dilanbagaw bɛ se k’a lajɛ ko sirilan bɛna kɛ ni jiginni yɔrɔ sabatilen ni lakananen ye.
Callout taamasiyɛn ye spotface dingɛw ye .
Injiniyɛri jaw kan, spotface dingɛw bɛ jira ni spotface taamasiyɛn ye, min bɛ i n’a fɔ sɛrɛkili ni sɛbɛnniw 'sf' a kɔnɔ. Spotface (yɔrɔ) cɛmancɛ bɛ Fɔ fɔlɔ, o kɔfɛ spotface (yɔrɔ) juguya bɛ Kɛ. Dingɛba in cɛmancɛ ni a juguya fana bɛ Fɔ.
Misali la, spotface dingɛ min bɛ ni 20mm cɛmancɛ spotface ye min juguya ye milimɛtɛrɛ 2 ye, ani 10mm cɛmancɛ dingɛ fɛ o bɛna wele ko '⌴ sf 20mm ⨯ 2mm, ∅10mm thru'.
Baara minnu bɛ kɛ ni spotface dingɛw ye .
Spotface dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka caya injiniyɛri la baara suguya caman kama, i n’a fɔ:
● Yɔrɔ labɛnni : yɔrɔ minnu bɛ yɔrɔ la, olu bɛ kɛ ka fɛn dɔ sanfɛla labɛn ka ɲɛsin ɲɔgɔndan sirilen walima sirilan ma, ka a lajɛ ko fɛn sirilan bɛ ni a jiginni yɔrɔ ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fla ye ani min bɛ sabati.
● Degun tilali: Spotface bɛ dɛmɛ ka degunw tila yɔrɔba dɔ kan, ka dɔ bɔ tiɲɛni walima dɛsɛ farati la.
● Siginiden: Tuma dɔw la, spotface dingɛw bɛ se ka kɛ ka sigilan dɔ dilan gazi walima O-ring kama, o bɛ dɛmɛ ka ji bɔli walima a nɔgɔli bali.
Spotface dingɛw tali .
Spotface dingɛw bɛ kɛ tuma caman na baarakɛyɔrɔw la, yɔrɔ minnu na, fɛn in sanfɛla ka gɛlɛn walima a tɛ kelen ye, i n’a fɔ fɛn minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw sɔgɔ walima minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw sɔgɔ. U bɛ sɔrɔ ka caya mobili ni aerospace yɔrɔw la, ani fana izini masinw ni minɛnw na.
Spotface dingɛw baara kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔw ye:
● Motɛri blokiw ni silinda kunkolow .
● Laseli koɲɛw ni sow .
● Suspension yɔrɔw .
● Kalansenw ni dɛmɛnanw .
O baara ninnu na, spotface dingɛw bɛ dɛmɛ ka a dɔn ko fɛn minnu bɛ siri ni fɛn ye, olu bɛ se ka kɛ ni fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye. Ni yɔrɔ nɔgɔlen ni hali yɛrɛ bɛ dingɛ lamini, yɔrɔ minnu bɛ kɛ yɔrɔ la, olu bɛ dɛmɛ ka lajɛ laban bɛɛ lajɛlen cogoya n’a dannayacogo ɲɛ.
counterSink dingɛw .
Countersink hole ye mun ye?
KELEN Jatebla dingɛ ye dingɛ sugu dɔ ye min da bɛ i n’a fɔ conical-shaped (datugulan) min bɛ a sanfɛ, o bɛ a to fla-kunkolo-kurun ka sigi ni fɛn in sanfɛla ye. A ka c’a la, jatebɔlan bɛ bonya ka tɛmɛ jurukisɛ cɛmancɛ kan, wa jatebɔlan in kɛrɛ bɛ bɛn kurukuru kunkolo kɛrɛ ma.
A ka c’a la, fɛn minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw kɛ, olu bɛ kɛ ni fɛnw ye minnu bɛ kɛ ni fɛnw ye minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw kɛ, i n’a fɔ aerospace walima mobili yɔrɔw. U bɛ se ka kɛ fana walasa ka dɔ bɔ joginni na walima ka tiɲɛni kɛ ka bɔ kurukuruw kunw na minnu bɛ bɔ kɛnɛ kan.
Callout taamasiyɛn ye countersink holes .
Ja minnu bɛ kɛ ɛntɛrinɛti kan, jatebɔlanw bɛ jira ni jatebɔlan taamasiyɛn ye, min bɛ i n’a fɔ kɛrɛ saba ni sɛrɛkili fitinin ye sanfɛ. Jatebɔ-yɔrɔ janya bɛ Fɔ fɔlɔ, o kɔ fɛ jatebɔ-yɔrɔ bɛ Kɛ. Dingɛba in cɛmancɛ ni a juguya fana bɛ Fɔ.
Misali la, jatebɔlan dingɛ min janya ye milimɛtɛrɛ 10 ye o ye degere 90 ye, ani 6mm cɛmancɛ dingɛ ka tɛmɛ dingɛ fɛ, o bɛ wele ko '⌵ 10mm ⨯ 90°, ∅6mm thru'.
Baara minnu bɛ kɛ ni countersink holes ye .
Kontesink dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka caya injiniyɛri la baara suguya caman kama, i n’a fɔ:
● Flush Mounting (Jiginni): Aw bɛ a kɛ ka fɛnw kɛ ka u kunberew bila ka u ko ni fɛn in sanfɛla ye, ka u ɲɛda cogoya nɔgɔya ani ka u kɛ fɛn ye min ka dɔgɔn.
● Aerodynamique : Aerospace baarakɛcogo la, countersink holes bɛ se ka dɛmɛ don ka draging dɔgɔya ani ka aerodynamique baarakɛcogo ɲɛ ni a bɛ kɛ ni a bɛ bɔ ni screw heads protruding ye.
● Lakanali: Tuma dɔw la, countersink hole bɛ se ka kɛ ka dɔ bɔ joginni na walima ka tiɲɛni kɛ ka bɔ kurukuruw kunw na minnu bɛ bɔ kɛnɛ kan, i n’a fɔ bolokɔniw walima minɛnw panɛriw kɔnɔ.
Jatebɔ-yɔrɔ dingɛw waleyali .
A ka c’a la, fɛnw bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛsin fɛnw ma minnu bɛ kɛ ni fɛnw ye minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw falen walima ni u ɲɛ ka dɔgɔn, olu bɛ kɛ yɔrɔ minnu na, i n’a fɔ u bɛ kɛ cogo min na:
● Avionw ka fuselages ani wings .
● Panneaux de body de la body et de trim .
● Elektroniki minɛnw ka yɔrɔw .
● Mebɛriw ni kabini .
O baara ninnu na, jatebɔlanw dingɛw bɛ dɛmɛ ka ɲɛda cogoya nɔgɔman ni nɔgɔyalen dilan, ka sɔrɔ ka jiginni yɔrɔ lakananen ni sabatilen di fana ni nɛgɛbere fla ye. Jatebɔ-minɛn cogoya koroma bɛ dɛmɛ ka juru in cɛmancɛ la ani ka doni tila ɲɔgɔn na, ka tiɲɛni walima dɛsɛ farati dɔgɔya.
Kɔrɔbɔli dingɛw bɛ se ka gɛlɛya ka tɛmɛ dingɛ suguya tɔw kan, bawo u bɛ kɛ ni kɛrɛw ni jugumanw ye tigitigi walasa u ka bɛn ni jurukisɛ kunkolo ye. Nka, ni baarakɛminɛnw ni fɛɛrɛ ɲumanw bɛ yen, countersink holes bɛ se ka fini doncogo ɲuman ni baarakɛcogo ɲuman di ɲɔgɔn ma.
counterdrill dingɛw .
Kontɛrɛli dingɛ ye mun ye?
Kùncɛbaya dingɛ ye dingɛ sugu dɔ ye min bɛ Kɛ ni silinda-minɛn ye a sanfɛ, o kɔfɛ dingɛ fitinin dɔ bɛ yen min bɛ Se ka Tɛmɛ walima min tɛ Se ka Tɛmɛ o fɛn in fɛ. A ka c’a la, o counterdrill bɛ kɛ ka clearance di socket head cap screw walima fɛn wɛrɛw sirilan suguya wɛrɛw ma.
Kontrɔli dingɛw bɛ i n’a fɔ ɲɔgɔndan dingɛw, nka u bɛ kɛ cogo la min bɛ kɛ ni konical ye, counterdrill cogoya ye silinda ye. O bɛ a to sirilan kun bɛ sigi ni fɛn in sanfɛla ye, ka sɔrɔ ka yɔrɔ wɛrɛ fana di kunkolo ma.
Callout taamasiyɛn ye counterdrill dingɛw ye .
Ja minnu bɛ kɛ ɛntɛrinɛti kan, counterdrill dingɛw bɛ jira ni taamasiyɛn kelen ye ni counterbore dingɛ ye, min bɛ i n’a fɔ sɛrɛkili ni sɛrɛ fitinin bɛ a kɔnɔ. Kɔnɔna-yɔrɔ janya bɛ Fɔ fɔlɔ, o kɔ fɛ, counterdrill jugumanba bɛ Kɛ. Dingɛba in cɛmancɛ ni a juguya fana bɛ Fɔ.
Misali la, counterdrill hole ni 10mm diamètre counterdrill min kɔnɔna ka dun, ani 6mm diamètre fiyentɔ dingɛ min ka dun 10mm tun bɛna wele ko '⌴ 10mm ⨯ 5mm, ∅6mm ⨯ 10mm'.
Baara minnu bɛ kɛ ni counterdrill holes ye .
Kontrɔli dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka caya ɛntɛrinɛti la baara suguya caman kama, i n’a fɔ:
● Dakun minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw siri, olu jɛyali: Kɔnɔw bɛ bɔ sosɛti kunw ni sirilan suguya wɛrɛw la, o b’a to u bɛ se ka sigi ni fɛn in sanfɛla ye.
● Degun tilali : counterdrill cogoya silindalen bɛ dɛmɛ ka degunw tila-tila ka a siri yɔrɔba dɔ la, ka dɔ bɔ tiɲɛni walima dɛsɛ farati la.
● Labɛnni : Tuma dɔw la, counterdrill dingɛw bɛ se ka kɛ ka ɲɔgɔndɛmɛ di cɛnimusoya yɔrɔw ma walima ka fɛn wɛrɛw sɔrɔ o yɔrɔ kan.
counterdrill dingɛw tali .
A ka ca a la, fɛnɲɛnamafagalan dingɛw bɛ kɛ baarakɛyɔrɔw la, yɔrɔ minnu na, fɛn min bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw siri, o ka kan ka kɛ yɔrɔ minnu na, nka a ka kan ka kɛ ni fɛn wɛrɛw ye minnu bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka fɛn dɔ kɛ. Kùncɛbaya-yɔrɔ-yɔrɔ-ko kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔw ye ninnu ye:
● Masiniw ni minɛnw yɔrɔw .
● Mold and die components .
● Mobili ni aerospace yɔrɔw .
O baara ninnu na, counterdrill dingɛw bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka jiginni yɔrɔ lakananen ni sabatilen di a sirilanw ma, ka sɔrɔ fana a bɛ se ka sigi nɔgɔya la ani ka bɔ a la. ControlDrill cogoya silindalen bɛ dɛmɛ ka degunw hakɛ dɔgɔya ani ka lajɛ fanga ni a muɲuni bɛɛ lajɛlen ɲɛ.
Kɔnɔnatumuw bɛ se ka dilan ni fɛɛrɛ suguya caman ye, i n’a fɔ sɔgɔli, sɛgɛn ani sɔgɔli. Fɛɛrɛ sugandili bɛ Bɔ dingɛ bonya n’a juguya la, ka Fàra fɛn min bɛ Kɛ ni masin ye. Ni baarakɛminɛnw ni fɛɛrɛ ɲumanw bɛ yen, counterdrill holes bɛ se ka fura ɲuman ni baarakɛcogo ɲuman di ɛntɛrinɛti baara suguya caman ma.
dingɛw bɛ yen .
Dingɛ min bɛ kɛ ni sɛgɛn ye, o ye mun ye?
Dingɛ sɔgɔlen ye dingɛ sugu dɔ ye min cɛmancɛ bɛ Yɛlɛma dɔɔnin dɔɔnin ka Bɔ dakun kelen na ka Taa dakun tɔ kelen na, o bɛ Kɛ ni ‘profil ye min bɛ Kɛ i n’a fɔ cone-cogo. A ka c’a la, taper angle bɛ fɔ i n’a fɔ a cɛmancɛ yeli hakɛ ni dingɛ janya hakɛ.
Dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka caya baarakɛyɔrɔw la, yɔrɔ minnu na, fɛn minnu bɛ siri ɲɔgɔn na, olu bɛ siri ɲɔgɔn na. O cogoya gɛlɛn bɛ a to a ka don nɔgɔya la ani ka a bɔ, ka sɔrɔ ka jɛɲɔgɔnya barikama ni sabatilen di fana ni a bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ.
Callout Symbol ye dingɛw ye .
Ja minnu bɛ kɛ ɛntɛrinɛti kan, dingɛw bɛ jira ni taper taamasiyɛn ye, minnu bɛ i n’a fɔ kɛrɛ saba ni sɛrɛkili fitinin ye a kuncɛ la. Taper angle (taper angle) bɛ Fɔ ni a cɛmancɛ yeli hakɛ ni dingɛ janya hakɛ ye. Misali la, taper min ye 1:12 ye, o kɔrɔ ye ko a cɛmancɛ bɛ Yɛlɛma ni 1 ye janya hakɛ 12 o 12 la.
A dakun cɛmancɛ janya ni a dakunba janya fana bɛ Fɔ ja in kan. Misali la, dingɛ sɔgɔlen min laban cɛmancɛ ye 10mm ye, a dakunba ye 12mm ye, ani taper angle 1:12 bɛna wele ko '∅10mm - ∅12mm ⨯ 1:12 taper'.
Baara minnu bɛ kɛ ni dingɛw ye .
Dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka caya ɛntɛrinɛti la baara suguya caman kama, i n’a fɔ:
● Jɛɲɔgɔnya yɔrɔw: Dingɛw bɛ se ka jɛɲɔgɔnya dafalen ni sabatilen di furuɲɔgɔnya yɔrɔw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, i n’a fɔ jirisunw ni jirisunw walima sumanmuguw walima sigilanw.
● Labɛnni: Dingɛ cogoya gɛlɛn bɛ se ka dɛmɛ don ka furuɲɔgɔnya yɔrɔw labɛn ɲɔgɔn fɛ u lajɛtuma na, ka dɔ bɔ ɲɔgɔn na walima ka tiɲɛni kɛ.
● Siginiden: Tuma dɔw la, dingɛw bɛ se ka kɛ ka siginidenw kɛ kafoɲɔgɔnya yɔrɔw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, i n’a fɔ ji walima pneumatic systems.
Dingɛw tali .
Dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka caya baarakɛyɔrɔw la, yɔrɔ minnu na, fɛn minnu bɛ siri ɲɔgɔn na, olu bɛ siri ɲɔgɔn na. Dingɛw ka baara kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔw ye:
● Masina baarakɛminɛnw sɔgɔlanw ni baarakɛminɛnw minɛbagaw .
● Valve jiriw ni sigilanw .
● Wheel hubs ani axles .
● Taper Pins ani Dowels .
O baara ninnu na, dingɛ cogoya gɛlɛn bɛ a to a bɛ se ka ɲɔgɔn lajɛ nɔgɔya la ani ka a wuli nɔgɔya la, ka sɔrɔ ka jɛɲɔgɔnya barikama ni sabatilen fana di ni a bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ. O cogoya gɛlɛn fana bɛ dɛmɛ ka doni tila ɲɔgɔn na ka kɛɲɛ ni ɲɔgɔn ye, ka tiɲɛni walima dɛsɛ farati dɔgɔya.
Dingɛw bɛ se ka dilan ni fɛɛrɛ suguya caman ye, i n’a fɔ sɛgɛsɛgɛli, sɛgɛn ani sɔgɔli. Fɛɛrɛ sugandili bɛ bɔ taper hakɛ ni a kɛrɛ la, ani fɛn min bɛ kɛ masin na. Ni baarakɛminɛnw ni fɛɛrɛ ɲumanw bɛ yen, dingɛw bɛ se ka fura ɲuman ni baarakɛcogo ɲuman di ɛntɛrinɛti baara suguya caman ma.
Screw clearance dingɛw .
Screw clearance hole ye mun ye?
Vis clearance hole ye dingɛ sugu dɔ ye min ka bon dɔɔni ka tɛmɛ jurukisɛ cɛmancɛ kan min bɛna tɛmɛ a fɛ. Yɔrɔ wɛrɛ bɛ a to o kuru ka tɛmɛ dingɛ kɔnɔ nɔgɔya la, k’a sɔrɔ a ma siri walima ka siri.
Screw clearance holes bɛ kɛ ka caya baarakɛyɔrɔw la, yɔrɔ dɔ ka kan ka siri yɔrɔ minnu na, nka a man kan ka kɛ ni jurukisɛ ye walasa ka fitinin siri. Clearance dingɛ bɛ a to a ka siri ka a bɔ nɔgɔya la, k’a sɔrɔ a ma a yɔrɔw walima a sirilan yɛrɛ tiɲɛ.
Callout Symbol de clearance de clearance .
Injiniyɛri ka jaw kan, screw clearance holes bɛ jira ni standard hole taamasiyɛn ye, min bɛ i n’a fɔ sɛrɛkili ni ɲɛmɔgɔ layini min bɛ a jira. Dingɛ cɛmancɛ bɛ Fɔ ɲɛmɔgɔ-sira kan, ka Fàra kunnafoni wɛrɛw kan i n'a fɔ buruburu suguya min bɛna Kɛ.
Misali la, 1/4'-20 screw clearance dingɛ tun bɛna wele ko '∅0.266 thru', o b'a jira ko dingɛ cɛmancɛ ye 0,266 inch ye ani ka tɛmɛ dingɛ fɛ.
Baara minnu bɛ kɛ ni buruburuw bɔli dingɛw ye .
Screw clearance holes bɛ kɛ ka caya injiniyɛri la baara suguya caman kama, i n’a fɔ:
● A sirili: Vis clearance dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka yɔrɔ fila walima u caman siri ɲɔgɔn na ni juruw walima bololanɛgɛw ye. Clearance dingɛ bɛ a to a ka tɛmɛ nɔgɔya la, k’a sɔrɔ a ma kɛ ni fitinɛ sirilen ye.
● Labɛnni: Tuma dɔw la, juruw bɔli dingɛw bɛ se ka kɛ walasa ka se ka ladilan yɔrɔw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ. Clearance hole bɛ a to a ka kurukuru ka bɔ a la ani ka a siri ni a mago bɛ a la, k’a sɔrɔ a yɔrɔw ma tiɲɛ.
● Labɛnni: Vis clearance dingɛw fana bɛ se ka kɛ ka yɔrɔw labɛn ɲɔgɔn kan u lajɛ waati la. Dingɛ cɛmancɛ ka bon, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka jimayɔrɔ dɔw sɔrɔ, o bɛ a to a yɔrɔw labɛnni ka nɔgɔn.
Vis clearance dingɛw kɛli .
Screw clearance holes bɛ kɛ ka caya baarakɛyɔrɔw la, yɔrɔ minnu na, sirili min tɛ banbali ye, min bɛ se ka ladilan. Screw clearance dingɛw baara kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔw ye:
● Mebɛriw lajɛ .
● Masina kɔlɔsilikɛlaw ni a datugulanw .
● Kuranko dakunw ni panɛriw .
● Mobili ni aerospace yɔrɔw .
O baara ninnu na, kurukuruw bɔli dingɛw bɛ sira nɔgɔn ni nafama di walasa ka yɔrɔw siri ɲɔgɔn na, ka sɔrɔ fana u bɛ se ka ɲɔgɔn lajɛ nɔgɔya la ani ka u wuli. Dingɛ cɛmancɛba fana bɛ dɛmɛ ka degunw hakɛ dɔgɔya sirilan lamini na, ka ɲɔgɔnfaamu fanga ni a muɲuni bɛɛ lajɛlen ɲɛ.
Screw clearance holes bɛ se ka dilan ni fɛɛrɛ suguya caman ye, i n’a fɔ sɔgɔli, punching ani laser tigɛ. Fɛɛrɛ sugandili bɛ bɔ dingɛ bonya n’a cogoya la, ka fara fɛn min bɛ kɛ ni masin ye. Ni baarakɛminɛnw ni fɛɛrɛ ɲumanw bɛ yen, screw clearance holes bɛ se ka fura ye min bɛ se ka da a kan ani min musaka ka dɔgɔ, ɛntɛrinɛti baara suguya caman na.
Dingɛw minnu bɛ sɔgɔ .
Dingɛ min bɛ sɔgɔ, o ye mun ye?
Dingɛ min bɛ sɔgɔ, o ye dingɛ sugu ye min bɛ ni jiriw ye minnu bɛ tigɛ a kɔnɔ ni baarakɛminɛn ye min bɛ wele ko pompi. O jiriw bɛ a to kuru walima bolokɔni ka siri dingɛ kɔnɔ, ka siriyɔrɔ barikama ni sirilen dilan.
A ka c’a la, dingɛ minnu bɛ siri, olu bɛ sɔrɔ ni dingɛ dɔ ye fɔlɔ, o kɔfɛ, u bɛ baara kɛ ni pɔnpe ye walasa ka jiriw tigɛ ka don dingɛ kɔnɔ. Pompi ye fɛn ye min bɛ kɛ ni kurukuruw ye minnu bɛ fɛn dɔw bɔ a la i n’a fɔ a bɛ wuli cogo min na dingɛ kɔnɔ.
Callout taamasiyɛn ye tapped dingɛw ye .
Injiniyɛri jaw kan, dingɛw bɛ jira ni taamasiyɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen ye min b’a jira ko jiri hakɛ ni a suguya bɛ baara kɛ. Standard min ka ca dingɛw kan minnu bɛ siri, o ye metric standard ye, min bɛ baara kɛ ni 'm' sɛbɛn ye min bɛ tugu o kɔ ni dingɛ tɔgɔlama ye milimɛtɛrɛ kɔnɔ.
Misali la, dingɛ min bɛ siri ni M8 jiri ye, o bɛna wele ko 'm8 x 1.25', '1.25' bɛ jirisun in janya jira yɔrɔ min na (jiri kelen-kelen bɛɛ cɛ janya).
Baara minnu bɛ kɛ ni dingɛw ye minnu bɛ tap .
Dingɛ minnu bɛ ta, olu bɛ kɛ ka caya ɛntɛrinɛti la baara suguya caman kama, i n’a fɔ:
● A sirili: Dingɛ minnu bɛ siri, olu bɛ kɛ ka siriyɔrɔ barikamaw ni sirilenw dilan ni juruw ni bololanɛgɛw ye. Dingɛ kɔnɔ jiri minnu bɛ sirilan walima bolokɔniw kan, olu bɛ a minɛ ka ɲɛ a nɔ na.
● Lajɛ: A ka ca a la, dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka yɔrɔ caman lajɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ ka kɛ fɛn kelen ye. Ni aw bɛ baara kɛ ni kuruw walima bolokɔniw ye walasa ka yɔrɔw siri ɲɔgɔn na dingɛw kɔnɔ minnu bɛ siri, ɲɔgɔn dalajɛ barikama ni sabatilen bɛ se ka da.
● Labɛnni: Tuma dɔw la, dingɛ minnu bɛ sɔgɔ, olu bɛ se ka kɛ ka yɔrɔw ladilan walima ka u kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ. Ni aw ye kuru walima bolokɔni siri dingɛ sɔgɔlen kɔnɔ walima ka a siri, a yɔrɔ jɔyɔrɔ bɛ se ka kɛ ka ɲɛ.
Dingɛ minnu bɛ tap .
Dingɛ minnu bɛ ta, olu bɛ kɛ baara suguya caman na baarakɛyɔrɔ caman na, i n’a fɔ:
● Mobili: Dingɛ minnu bɛ ta, olu bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ mobili dilanni na walasa ka motɛriw, transmisiw, ani fɛn wɛrɛw lajɛ.
● Aerospace: Dingɛ minnu bɛ tap, olu bɛ kɛ aerospace baarakɛcogo la walasa ka awiyɔnw jɔcogo, motɛriw ani fɛn wɛrɛw lajɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ.
● Industriw ka masinw : Dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛsin izini masinw ma walasa ka fɛnw lajɛ ani ka u siri i n’a fɔ girinw, birikiw, ani sow.
O baara ninnu na, dingɛ minnu bɛ ta, olu bɛ fɛɛrɛ barikamaw di, minnu bɛ lakana, ani minnu bɛ se ka da u kan, minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw siri ani ka u lajɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ. Dingɛ kɔnɔ jiri minnu bɛ yen, olu bɛ yɔrɔba dɔ dilan walasa ka juru walima bolokɔni minɛ, ka doni tila ɲɔgɔn na ani ka dɛsɛ farati dɔgɔya.
Dingɛw bɛ se ka dilan ni fɛn suguya caman ye, i n’a fɔ nɛgɛw, plastikiw ani fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw. Fɛn min bɛ Kɛ ni fɛnw ni jiri hakɛ ye, o sugandili bɛ Bɔ a kɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen na ani doni minnu bɛna Kɛ a siriyɔrɔ la. Ni baarakɛminɛnw ni fɛɛrɛ ɲumanw bɛ yen, dingɛ minnu bɛ ta, olu bɛ se ka fura caman di ani ka ɲɛ, minnu bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn caman ye, minnu bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn caman ye, minnu bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka fɛn caman ɲɛnabɔ.
Dingɛw minnu bɛ siri .
Dingɛ min bɛ ni jiri ye, o ye mun ye?
Dingɛ min bɛ siri, o ye dingɛ sugu dɔ ye min bɛ siri a la, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka juru walima bolokɔni dɔ siri dingɛ kɔnɔ. Dingɛw minnu bɛ siri ni jiri ye, olu ni dingɛw bɛ tali kɛ ɲɔgɔn na, nka 'threaded hole' daɲɛ bɛ fɔ ka caya caman na walasa ka dingɛ suguya o suguya jira ni jiriw ye, a mana kɛ jirisunw dacogo mana kɛ cogo o cogo.
Dingɛw bɛ se ka dilan ni fɛɛrɛ suguya caman ye, i n’a fɔ tapping, thread milling, ani thread forming. Fɛɛrɛ sugandili bɛ bɔ fɛn min bɛ siri, jiri hakɛ ni a suguya wajibiyalen don, ani a dilanni hakɛ.
Callout taamasiyɛn ye jiri dingɛw ye .
Injiniyɛri ka jaw kan, dingɛw bɛ jira ni taamasiyɛn ye min bɛ jiri hakɛ ni a suguya jira min bɛ baara kɛ. Taamaʃyɛn bɛ Kɛ ni jiri tɔgɔ ye, i n'a fɔ 'm' metric threads walima 'UN
Misali la, M10 x 1.5 jiri dingɛ dɔ tun bɛna wele ko 'm10 x 1.5', yɔrɔ min na 'm10' bɛ mɛtɛrɛ jirisun dɔ jira min janya tɔgɔ ye 10mm, ani '1.5' bɛ jirisun in janya jira (jiri kelen-kelen bɛɛ cɛ).
Baara minnu bɛ kɛ ni jirisunw ye .
Dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka caya ɛntɛrinɛti la baara suguya caman kama, i n’a fɔ:
● A sirili: Dingɛw bɛ kɛ ka siriyɔrɔ barikamaw ni sirilenw dilan ni juruw ni bololanɛgɛw ye. Dingɛ kɔnɔ jiri minnu bɛ sirilan walima bolokɔniw kan, olu bɛ a minɛ ka ɲɛ a nɔ na.
● Labɛnni: Dingɛ minnu bɛ siri, olu bɛ se ka kɛ ka yɔrɔw ladilan walima ka u labɛn. Ni aw ye kuru walima bolokɔni wuli dingɛ kɔnɔ min sirilen don, a yɔrɔ jɔyɔrɔ bɛ se ka kɛ ka ɲɛ.
● Lajɛ: A ka ca a la, dingɛ minnu bɛ kɛ ni jiri ye, olu bɛ kɛ ka yɔrɔ caman lajɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ ka kɛ fɛn kelen ye. Ni aw bɛ baara kɛ ni kuruw walima bolokɔniw ye walasa ka yɔrɔw siri ɲɔgɔn na ni dingɛw ye minnu sirilen don, u lajɛlen barikama ni sabatilen bɛ se ka da.
Dingɛw minnu bɛ siri ni jiri ye .
Dingɛw bɛ kɛ baara suguya caman na baarakɛyɔrɔ caman na, i n’a fɔ:
● Mobili: Dingɛw bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ mobili dilanni na walasa ka motɛriw, transmisiw, ani fɛn wɛrɛw lajɛ.
● Aerospace (Aerospace): Dingɛ minnu bɛ kɛ ni jiri ye, olu bɛ kɛ aerospace (aerospace) baarakɛcogo la walasa ka awiyɔnw jɔcogo, motɛriw ani fɛn wɛrɛw lajɛ.
● Fɛn minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw feere: Dingɛw bɛ kɛ fɛn caman na minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw feere, i n’a fɔ ɛntɛrinɛti ni minɛnw, walasa ka fɛnw lajɛ ani ka u siri.
O baara ninnu na, dingɛ minnu bɛ siri, olu bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka fɛnw siri ani ka u lajɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ. Dingɛ kɔnɔ jiri minnu bɛ yen, olu bɛ yɔrɔba dɔ dilan walasa ka juru walima bolokɔni minɛ, ka doni tila ɲɔgɔn na ani ka dɛsɛ farati dɔgɔya.
Dingɛw bɛ se ka dilan ni fɛn suguya caman ye, i n’a fɔ nɛgɛw, plastikiw, ani fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw. Fɛn min bɛ Kɛ ni fɛnw ni jiri hakɛ ye, o sugandili bɛ Bɔ a kɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen na ani doni minnu bɛna Kɛ a siriyɔrɔ la. Ni baarakɛminɛnw ni fɛɛrɛ ɲumanw bɛ yen, dingɛ minnu bɛ kɛ ni jiri ye, olu bɛ se ka fura caman di ani min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn caman na, minnu bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn caman ye, minnu bɛ se ka kɛ ka ɲɛsin ɛntɛrinɛti gɛlɛya suguya caman ma.
Fɛn minnu ka kan ka jateminɛ ni u bɛ dingɛw da .
Ni dingɛw bɛ dilan ɛntɛrinɛti kan, fɛn jɔnjɔn caman ka kan ka jateminɛ walasa ka sɔrɔta ɲininen sɔrɔ. O fɛnw ye juguya, cɛmancɛ, muɲuli, ani gɛlɛyaw ye minnu bɛ sɔrɔ fɛnw na minnu ka gɛlɛn. An ka o ko kelen-kelen bɛɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛ ka ɲɛ.
juguya n' a nɔfɛta .
Dingɛ jugumanba jɔyɔrɔ ka bon kosɛbɛ a ka baarakɛcogo la ani a laban na, a ka baara kɛcogo bɛɛ lajɛlen na. Fiyentɔw ka dingɛw kɔnɔ, a juguya bɛ fɛn hakɛ min bɛ to a jukɔrɔ, o hakɛ jira, o bɛ se ka nɔ bila a yɔrɔ fanga n’a sabatili la. Ka dunuya kunbɛn tigitigi, o nafa ka bon walasa ka baarakɛminɛn fan dɔ tiɲɛ k’a sɔrɔ a ma kɛ ni laɲini ye.
Dingɛ jugumanba fana bɛ nɔ bila tigɛminɛnw ni masinw paramɛtɛrɛw sugandili la. Dingɛ minnu ka dun, olu bɛ se ka kɛ baarakɛminɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye, i n’a fɔ dingɛ jugumanw walima marifaw sɛgɛsɛgɛli, walasa ka tilennen mara ani ka u tanga fɛnw jiginni ma. Tigɛ teliya ni balo hakɛ bɛ se ka ladilan walasa ka se ka dɔ fara a juguya kan ani ka a jira ko chip bɔli ka ɲɛ.
Ka fara o kan, dingɛ jugumanba bɛ se ka nɔ bila dugukolo sanfɛla fini na ani a bonya tiɲɛni na. Ni a juguya bɛ ka bonya, a bɛ gɛlɛya ka taa a fɛ ka dugukolo sanfɛla dafalen mara ani ka dingɛ bonya n’a cogoya mara. O la, a nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ ka juguya wajibiyalenw jateminɛ kosɛbɛ ani ka masinw taabolo ni baarakɛminɛnw sugandi minnu bɛnnen don walasa ka ɲɛtaa ɲininenw sɔrɔ.
Diamètre sugandili .
Ka cɛmancɛ ɲuman sugandi dingɛ dɔ kama, o ye fɛn wɛrɛ ye min nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ ɛntɛrinɛti baarakɛcogo la. Dingɛ cɛmancɛ bɛ se ka nɔ bila a yɔrɔ fanga la, a baarakɛcogo la, ani a ni a yɔrɔ wɛrɛw ka bɛn. Ni u bɛ cɛmancɛ sugandi, ɛntɛrinɛti injiniyɛriw ka kan ka dingɛ kun jateminɛ, a bɛna doni minnu ta, ani a bɛna jɛɲɔgɔnya kɛ ni minnu ye.
A ka c’a la, drill hakɛ dantigɛlenw bɛ kɛ ka dingɛw dilan ni u cɛmancɛw ye kelen ye. O hakɛw bɛ sɔrɔ nɔgɔya la, wa u bɛ se ka fɛn dilanni nɔgɔya. Nka, ko dɔw bɛ se ka kɛ, yɔrɔ minnu na, danfara min tɛ sariya ye, o ka kan ka kɛ walasa ka dilancogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw wajibiyalenw dafa. O cogo la, baarakɛminɛnw walima masinw kɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw bɛ se ka kɛ wajibi ye.
Dingɛ cɛmancɛ fana bɛ nɔ bila sirilanw ni fɛn wɛrɛw sugandili la minnu bɛna kɛ ni dingɛ ye. Misali la, clearance dingɛw ka kan ka bonya ka ɲɛ walasa bololanɛgɛw walima juruw ka tɛmɛ u fɛ k’a sɔrɔ u ma ɲɔgɔn cɛ, k’a sɔrɔ dingɛ minnu bɛ siri, olu ka kan ka kɛ ni u cɛmancɛ ni u siriyɔrɔ ɲuman ye walasa u ka se ka u siri ni jɛɲɔgɔnya sirilan ye ka ɲɛ.
Muɲuli wajibiyalenw .
Tolerance ye jateminɛba ye dingɛ dilanni na, bawo a bɛ dingɛ bonya, a cogoya ani a jɔcogo caman ɲɔgɔnna dɔn. Muɲuli wajibiyalen bɛ bɔ a kɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen na ani a yɔrɔ in baarakɛcogo la. Tolerances sirilenw bɛ se ka kɛ wajibi ye ka ɲɛsin jamalajɛw ma minnu bɛ kɛ ni tiɲɛni ye, ka sɔrɔ muɲuli minnu bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛ, olu bɛ se ka sɔn ka kɛ baarakɛcogo ye min tɛ kɔrɔfɔ kosɛbɛ.
Walasa ka muɲuli ɲininen sɔrɔ, ɛntɛrinɛti injiniyɛriw ka kan ka masinw ka baarakɛcogo ni baarakɛminɛnw sugandi koɲuman. Taabolo dɔw, i n’a fɔ reaming walima honing, olu bɛ se ka dingɛw dilan ni muɲuli gɛlɛnw ye kosɛbɛ, dɔw, i n’a fɔ sɔgɔli walima punching, bɛ se ka kɛ ni fɛn caman ye minnu nafa ka bon. Tigɛminɛnw, masinw paramɛtɛrɛw, ani baarakɛcogo fɛɛrɛw sugandili fana bɛ se ka nɔ bila muɲuli la min bɛ se ka kɛ.
Ka fara bonya ni cogoya muɲuni kan, ɛntɛrinɛti injiniyɛriw fana ka kan ka jateminɛ kɛ jɔyɔrɔfalenw na, minnu bɛ tali kɛ dingɛ sigiyɔrɔ la ka kɛɲɛ ni fɛn wɛrɛw ye minnu bɛ yɔrɔ in kan. Jɛkulu ka muɲuli bɛ se ka kɛ ko kɔrɔba ye walasa ka ɲɔgɔndɛmɛ ni bɛn sɔrɔ ka ɲɛ furuɲɔgɔnya yɔrɔw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ. Baarakɛminɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw, i n’a fɔ jiginni walima fɛnw, olu bɛ se ka kɛ ka jɔyɔrɔ tiɲɛni sabati masinko waati la.
Machining (Masini) Fɛn gɛlɛnw .
Fɛn dɔw bɛ gɛlɛyabaw lase dingɛ dilanni ma. O fɛn minnu bɛ se ka kɛ masinw ye minnu ka gɛlɛn, olu bɛ se ka kɛ:
● Superalloys: fɛn minnu fanga ka bon, minnu bɛ se ka funteni kɛlɛ, olu bɛ kɛ aerospace ani fanga baarakɛcogo la.
● Titanium: a ka nɔgɔn, a barika ka bon, a bɛ se ka sɔgɔ, nka a ka teli ka baara kɛ ni a bɛ gɛlɛya ani ka funteni sɔrɔ masin dilanni waati la.
● Seramiki: Fɛn gɛlɛnw, fɛn minnu bɛ tiɲɛ, minnu bɛ baarakɛminɛnw ni fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw de wajibiya walasa ka u yɛrɛ tanga kari ni sɔgɔli ma.
● Composites: Fɛn minnu dilannen don ni fɛn caman ye, i n’a fɔ polimɛriw minnu barika ka bon ni fibre carbone ye, minnu bɛ se ka delaminate walima ka ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ masinw dilanni waati.
Ni o fɛn gɛlɛn ninnu kɔnɔ, ɛntɛrinɛti bɛ kɛ ni masinw ye, ɛntɛrinɛti injiniyɛriw ka kan ka fɛɛrɛ bɛnnenw ta walasa ka se sɔrɔ gɛlɛya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw kan minnu bɛ sɔrɔ fɛn kelen-kelen bɛɛ la. I n'a fo:
● Ka baara kɛ ni tigɛminɛn ye min ka nɔgɔn, min ka ɲi kosɛbɛ, ni a bɛ se ka sɛgɛn.
● Ka tigɛ teliya bɛnnenw ni balo hakɛ bɛnnenw kɛ walasa ka funteni bɔli ni baarakɛminɛnw sɛgɛn dɔgɔya.
● Ka baara kɛ ni nɛnɛfɛnw ni tulumafɛnw ye walasa ka dɔ bɔ ɲɔgɔnkanu ni funteni na.
● Ka pecking cycles walima fɛɛrɛ wɛrɛw waleya walasa ka chips tiɲɛ ani ka baarakɛminɛnw tiɲɛ.
● Baara kɛ ni baarakɛminɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye walima ni fɛnw ye, i n’a fɔ diamant polycrystalline (PCD) walima boron nitride kubik (CBN).
