Umwobo ukina uruhare rukomeye mubuhanga kandi Kuzirika kwa CNC , ariko gusobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye, ibimenyetso, hamwe na porogaramu birashobora kugorana. Wigeze wibaza icyo umwobo wa konte uri cyangwa uburyo bwo kumenya umwobo utandukanye mubuhanga mubuhanga?
Iyi ngingo iziba ryimbitse muburyo bwubwoko busanzwe bukoreshwa mubuhanga, harimo umwobo wimpumye, unyuze mu mwobo, umwobo wa konte, inyoroha, nibindi byinshi. Tuzasesesha ibintu byihariye, porogaramu, nuburyo bwo kubamenya mubuhanga ukoresheje ibimenyetso bisanzwe kandi birahamagarira.
Akamaro k'imyobo muri Engineering
Umwobo ugira uruhare rukomeye mumirima itandukanye. Bakora intego nyinshi, kureka kurenga insinga n'amazi yo kwakira abiziritse. Imyobo ni ngombwa kugirango inteko n'imikorere yibikorwa bitabarika bya Moteri na sisitemu.
Mu nyenyeri yubuhanga, ibyobo bikoreshwa muguhindura hamwe. Imyobo yateye inkingi, igaragaramo imitwe yimbere yakozwe mugukanda cyangwa gusya, yemerera ibirambano na screw kugirango ufate neza ibice. Kurundi ruhande, imwobo, gutanga umwanya wo gufunga kunyura utitaye ku nsanganyamatsiko.
Ibyobo nabyo ni ngombwa mu mashanyarazi na elegitoroniki. PCBS (Ibara ry'akarere kacapwe) Twishingikirize ku mwobo kugera ku musozi no guhuza ibice bya elegitoroniki. Unyuze mu mwobo (Ø THRU) Gushoboza ibice by'insinga no kuganisha, mu gihe umwobo wimpumye, washyizweho ikimenyetso, utange ubujyakuzimu bwihariye kubice.
Gusobanukirwa Ibiranga Hole
Ibisobanuro rusange nibiranga
Imiterere, ingano, n'uburebure
Umwobo nibintu byingenzi mubishushanyo mbonera. Baza muburyo butandukanye, ingano, nubujyakuzimu. Ubwoko bwibanze bwumubiri ni ugufungura muburyo butaziguye hamwe nigice cyambukiranya, cyerekanwe na Ø Ikimenyetso.
Umwobo wa diameter ni ikintu gikomeye cyo gushushanya umwobo. Igena ubunini bwo gufunga cyangwa ibice bishobora kunyura cyangwa bikwiranye n'umwobo. Ubujyakuzimu ni ikindi kintu cyingenzi kiranga, cyerekana aho umwobo ugera mubikoresho.
Hole Ahantu no kwihanganira
Hole Ahantu ni ingenzi muri porogaramu zubuhanga. Iremeza guhuza neza n'imikorere y'ibigize. Kwihanganirana kwerekana itandukaniro ryemewe mu mwobo n'umwanya.
Ahantu ho guhumeka ni ngombwa muguterana. Imyobo igezweho irashobora kuganisha kubibazo byiza kandi bikabangamiye. Kwihanganirana ubufasha gukomeza guhuza no guhumeka ibice.
Ibimenyetso bya Callout kubuhanga bwerekana ibisobanuro byamwobo. Harimo diameter, ubujyakuzimu, hamwe nibipimo byaho. Gusobanura neza ibi bimenyetso ningirakamaro kugirango turebe ibintu neza kandi byimwobo.
Tekinike yo gushushanya kwirema
Gucukura, kurambirana, gusubiramo, nibindi byinshi
Ubuhanga butandukanye bwo gukoresha bukoreshwa kugirango bukore umwobo mubice byubwubatsi. Guhitamo uburyo biterwa nibintu nkubunini bwumwobo, ubujyakuzimu, ibisabwa kugirango bigaragambire, nibikoresho bifatika. Inzira imwe yo gukora umwobo zirimo:
1.Ibisobanuro: Ubu ni bwo buryo busanzwe bwo gukora umwobo wa silindrike. Harimo gukoresha imbora yo kuzunguruka kugirango ukureho ibikoresho no gukora umwobo wa diameter yifuzwa n'imbaraga.
2.Roring: Kurambirwa bikoreshwa muguka kwaguka cyangwa kunoza ukuri kwumwobo. Harimo gukoresha igikoresho kimwe cyo gukata kugirango ukureho ibikoresho hejuru yimyuka, kugera kubipimo nyabyo no kurangiza neza.
3 Harimo gukoresha igikoresho cyo gukata byinshi cyitwa reamer kugirango ukureho ibikoresho bike hanyuma ukagera kumpera.
4.Gusoza urusyo: Gusya uruganda rukoreshwa mugukora imitwe yimbere mu mwobo. Harimo gukoresha igishushanyo mbonera cyo gusya kugirango ugabanye insanganyamatsiko mu buso bw'imitsi, yemerera abafunga inkingi zikoreshwa mu iteraniro.
Ubundi buryo bwihariye bwo gukora umwobo burimo:
● Gukanda: Gukora insanganyamatsiko imbere ukoresheje igikoresho cyakanda
● Guhangana: Gukora ikiruhuko kinini cya diaxcer hejuru yumwobo wacukuwe kugirango wuzuze bolt cyangwa imitwe
● Guhuza: Gukora ikiruhuko cyubwinjiriro bwumwobo kugirango wemererwe guhuza imigozi igororotse
Ubwoko rusange bwimyobo muri Engineering
Umwobo woroshye
Umwobo woroshye ni uwuhe?
Umwobo woroshye nuburyo bwibanze bwumubiri ukoreshwa mubuhanga. Ni uruziga rutemba mu kintu, hamwe na diameter ihoraho muri. Ibyobo byoroshye biroroshye gukora no kugira byinshi bya porogaramu.
Izi mwobo zirashobora guterwa ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye, nko gushushanya, gukubita, cyangwa laser gukata. Guhitamo uburyo biterwa nibikoresho, ibisobanuro bisabwa, nigipimo cyumusaruro.
Ibyobo byoroshye birahuje kandi birashobora kuboneka mubicuruzwa n'ibigize byinshi bitandukanye munganda zitandukanye.
Ikimenyetso cyumwobo woroshye
Kubishushanyo mbonera, umwobo woroshye uhagarariwe ukoresheje ikimenyetso cya diameter (Ø). Iki kimenyetso gikurikirwa na diameter yumwobo.
Kurugero, umwobo woroshye ufite diameter ya 10mm wanditseho nka 'Ø10 ' ku gishushanyo. Niba umwobo unyuze mubintu byose, birashobora kwandikwa nka 'Ø10 THru. '
Ubujyakuzimu bwumwobo woroshye kandi bugaragazwa no gushushanya niba bitanyuze mukintu.
Gukoresha umwobo woroshye
Imyuka yoroshye ifite porogaramu nyinshi muri Engineering. Bakora intego zitandukanye, nka:
Gutanga ingingo zo kwizirika cyangwa guterana, nko kwakira bolts cyangwa imigozi
Gukora ibyemezo cyangwa kugera kubindi bice
Yemerera kunyura mumazi cyangwa imyuka
Gukora nk'ubusa cyangwa guhuza ibiranga ibice biranga
Mu nteko, ibyobo byoroshye bikunze gukoreshwa kugirango binjire hamwe ibice byinshi hamwe. Bemerera gukoresha ibyihuta, nka Bolts, imigozi, cyangwa imigozi, kugirango biremo neza.
Imyuka yoroshye irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugutaka ibipimo mubice. Mugukuraho ibikoresho bitari ngombwa, abashushanya birashobora gukora ibice byoroheje utabangamiye cyangwa imikorere.
Byongeye kandi, umwobo woroshye urashobora kuba nkumuyoboro wamazi cyangwa imyuka. Bemerera kunyura mu mazi, umwuka, cyangwa ibindi bintu binyuze mu bigize cyangwa inteko.
Imyobo
Umwobo wimpumyi ni iki?
Umwobo wimpumyi ni ubwoko bwumwobo butagenda neza mubikoresho. Ni nkumufuka cyangwa inkumi bifite ubujyakuzimu bwihariye. Imyuka ihumye ikorwa no gucukura, gusubiramo, cyangwa gusya mubikoresho utagonyutse kurundi ruhande.
Ubujyakuzimu bwumwobo buhumye burashobora gutandukana bitewe nibisabwa. Imyobo zihumye ni nto, mugihe abandi bashobora kuba byimbitse. Hasi yimwobo wimpumyi irashobora kuba igorofa, igoramye, cyangwa igoramye, bitewe nuburyo bwo gutema igikoresho gikoreshwa mugukora.
Imyuka ihumye ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa nibigize byinshi bitandukanye. Bashobora kuboneka muri buri kintu kuva muri moteri yibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
Ikimenyetso cya Callout
Kubishushanyo mbonera, ibyobo bihumye bigaragazwa no gukoresha ikimenyetso cya diameter (Ø bikurikirwa nubujyakuzimu bwumwobo. Ubujyakuzimu bukunze gusobanurwa ukoresheje ikimenyetso cyimbitse gisa nibendera.
Kurugero, umwobo wimpumyi ufite diameter ya 10mm nubujyakuzimu bwa 20mm bwakoreshwa nka 'Ø10 X.' cyangwa 'bikabije.'
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ubujyakuzimu bwimyobo gihumye gipimwa kuva hejuru yibikoresho kugeza munsi yumwobo. Ibi bitandukanye na umwobo, ugenda inzira zose zinyura mubikoresho.
Gukoresha Imyobo
Imyuka ihuma ifite uburyo bwinshi butandukanye mubuhanga. Bimwe mubisabwa bikunze kubamo:
Gukanda: Ibyobo bihumye bikoreshwa mugukanda, nibwo buryo bwo guca imitwe mu mwobo kugirango wemere screw cyangwa bolt.
Guterana: Bisa no gukanda, insanganyamatsiko zirimo gukata imirongo itoroshye kugirango ukore umurongo utwikiriye.
Gushakisha: Imyuka ihuma irashobora gukoreshwa nkibiranga kugirango bigufashe guhuza cyangwa ibice byingenzi mugihe cyo guterana.
Kugabanya ibiro: Mubihe bimwe, ibyokurya byimpumyi birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ugabanye uburemere bwibigize utabangamiye imbaraga cyangwa imikorere.
Imyuka ihuma nayo ikoreshwa mugushiraho cyangwa kugerwaho ibice. Kurugero, umwobo wimpumyi ushobora gukoreshwa kugirango wemere itangazamakuru-ishyari rya Dowel cyangwa inshinge.
Mubyifuzo bimwe, ibyobo bihumye bikoreshwa muguhimba cyangwa gutanga neza. Umwobo urashobora gukoreshwa mumuyoboro uhimba cyangwa gukonjesha ahantu runaka k'ibigize mugihe cyo gukora.
Unyuze mu mwobo
Ni iki unyuze mu mwobo?
Unyuze mu mwobo ni ubwoko bwumwobo ugenda neza mubintu cyangwa ikintu. Bitandukanye n'umwobo uhumye, ufite ubujyakuzimu bwihariye, unyuze mu mwobo urerekana gufungura impande zombi z'ibikoresho. Ibi bivuze ko ushobora kubona urumuri unyuze mu mwobo kuva kuruhande rumwe ujya kurundi.
Binyuze mu mwobo birashobora gukorwa ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye, nko gushushanya, gukubita, cyangwa guhagarika laser. Guhitamo uburyo biterwa nibikoresho, ibisobanuro bisabwa, nigipimo cyumusaruro.
Binyuze mu mwobo birasanzwe cyane mubuhanga kandi urashobora kuboneka mubicuruzwa nibigize byinshi bitandukanye. Bakoreshwa kenshi mu gufunga, guhuza, cyangwa gukora igice cyamazi cyangwa imyuka.
Ikimenyetso cya Callout cyanyuze mu mwobo
Kubishushanyo mbonera, binyuze mu mwobo uhagarariwe ukoresheje ikimenyetso cya diameter (Ø) gikurikirwa nijambo 'thru ' cyangwa '. '
Kurugero, unyuze mu mwobo ufite diameter ya 10mm yakirwa nka 'Ø10 THRU10 THRU10 kugeza ' ku gishushanyo. Ibi byerekana ko umwobo unyura mubikoresho.
Niba unyuze mu mwobo uri mu iteraniro cyangwa ufite ibisabwa byihariye, nko kwihanganira cyangwa kurangiza hejuru, ibi bizagaragara ku gishushanyo.
Ikoreshwa mu mwobo
Unyuze mu mwobo ufite uburyo bwinshi butandukanye mubuhanga. Bimwe mubisabwa bikunze kubamo:
● Gufunga: Binyuze mu mwobo bikoreshwa mu bitera, imigozi, cyangwa ibindi bifunga kwinjira hamwe.
Guhuza: Binyuze mu mwobo birashobora gukoreshwa nkibiranga kugirango bigufashe guhuza cyangwa imyanya ibice mugihe cyo guterana.
Fluid cyangwa Gazi itemba: Binyuze mu mwobo birashobora gukora igice cyamazi cyangwa imyuka kugirango unyuze mubice cyangwa guterana.
Kugabanya ibiro: Mubihe bimwe, binyuze mu mwobo birashobora gukoreshwa mukugabanya uburemere bwibigize utabangamiye imbaraga cyangwa imikorere.
Binyuze mu mwobo nabyo bikoreshwa mu bice by'amashanyarazi n'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Kurugero, ibibaho byumuzunguruko (PCBS) akenshi binyuramo ibyobo byo kwitiranya cyangwa gukora amashanyarazi.
Mubyiciro bimwe, binyuze mu mwobo bikoreshwa mu guhumeka cyangwa gukonjesha. Imyobo yemerera umwuka gutembera mu bigize cyangwa guterana, gufasha gutandukanya ubushyuhe no gukumira indwara nyinshi.
Guhagarika umwobo
Umwobo uhagaritswe?
Umwobo wahagaritswe nuburyo bwumwobo udakomeza cyangwa wuzuye. Numwobo wahujwe cyangwa wambutse nibindi biranga, nkibipaki, Groove, cyangwa undi mwobo. Ibi bitera guhagarika cyangwa guhagarika muri geometrie ya hole.
Ibikorwa byahagaritswe mubisanzwe bikoreshwa muguhuza ibikorwa byo gucukura no gusya. Inzira ikubiyemo gushushanya urukurikirane rwo gutunganya umwobo hanyuma hanyuma ahisha ibikoresho bisigaye kugirango ukore imiterere yifuzwa.
Ikimenyetso cya Callout yimyobo yahagaritswe
Nta kimenyetso cyihariye cya Callout cyihariye cyo guhagarika umwobo uhagaze. Ahubwo, ibintu byihariye bigize umwobo wahagaritswe mubisanzwe uhamagarwa ukundi.
Kurugero, niba umwobo wahagaritswe ugizwe nuruhererekane rwinzobere zacukuwe hamwe numwanya wangiritse, igishushanyo cyagaragazaga diameter nimbaraga zu mwobo wacukuwe, kimwe nubugari, uburebure, n'uburebure bwa shampiyona.
Rimwe na rimwe, umwobo wahagaritse urashobora guhamagarwa nkikintu kimwe, hamwe nibintu byihariye byerekanwe mu nyandiko cyangwa kwihanganira. Ibi akenshi bikorwa kugirango bisobanuke cyangwa ubworoherane, cyane cyane iyo umwobo wahagaritswe nikintu gikomeye kiranga igice.
Gukoresha umwobo wahagaritse
Guhagarika umwobo bifite uburyo butandukanye mubuhanga. Bimwe mubisabwa bikunze kubamo:
Ibiranga Guhuza: Ibiranga ibyoge byahagaritswe birashobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibintu biranga byemerera ibice bibiri guhuza hamwe cyangwa gusabana.
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Kugabanya ibiro: Mubihe bimwe, imiyoboro yahagaritswe irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango igabanye uburemere bwigice utabangamiye imbaraga cyangwa imikorere.
Ibice byakonje cyangwa byihishe: Imyuka yahagaritswe irashobora gutera ibice byo gukonjesha cyangwa gutiza gutemba binyuze mu gice cyangwa inteko.
Kimwe mubyiza byimyobo yahagaritswe nuko bemerera geometries igoye n'imikoranire hagati yibiranga. Muguhuza ibikorwa byo gucukura no gusya, abashushanya barashobora gukora ibyobo bidashoboka gukora hamwe niki gikorwa kimwe.
Ariko, imiyoboro yahagaritswe irashobora kandi kuba ingorabahizi kunyura kuruta umwobo woroshye. Basaba gutegura neza no kwicwa kugirango barebe ko ibintu byingenzi bihuza kandi bikora neza. Kwihanganira no kurara hejuru birashobora kandi kunegura umwobo wahagaritse, nkuko nabi cyangwa ububi bushobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere yibiranga ibiranga.
Imyobo
Umwobo wa konti ni uwuhe?
Umwobo wa konti ni ubwoko bwumwobo ufite diameter ebyiri zitandukanye. Igizwe numwobo munini wa diameter ucumuye igice mubikoresho, hakurikiraho umwobo muto wa diameter unyuramo. Igice kinini cya diamester cyitwa konte, kandi cyagenewe kwakira umutwe wa bolt cyangwa screw.
Umwobo wa konte mubisanzwe ukorwa ukoresheje Drill yihariye biti bita igikoresho cya konte. Iki gikoresho gifite umushahara w'icyitegererezo kirimo umwobo muto wa diameter, na diamet nini yo gukata imitwe irema konti.
Ikimenyetso cya Worbore
Ku nyungu zubuhanga, ibyobo byambere bigaragazwa no gukoresha ikimenyetso cya konte, bisa nuruziga hamwe na kare kare imbere. Diameter ya konte isobanuwe mbere, ikurikirwa nubujyakuzimu bwa konte. Diameter hamwe nubujyakuzimu bwimyobo nto nabyo birasobanuwe.
Kurugero, umwobo uhanganye hamwe na 10mm deamester kuri 5mm ndende, na diameter ya 6mm binyuze mu mwobo byari guhamagarwa nka '⌴ 10mm ⨯ 5mm, ∅6mm thru '.
Gukoresha umwobo
Ibyobo byambere bikoreshwa mubuhanga muri progaramu zitandukanye zitandukanye, harimo:
Flush yo gutembera: umwobo wo guhangana na bolts cyangwa imigozi yo kwicara hejuru y'ibikoresho, bikora isura yoroshye kandi isukuye.
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Gukwirakwiza umutwaro: Diameter nini ya colledbore ifasha gukwirakwiza umutwaro wa bolt cyangwa ukinyaga ahantu hanini, kugabanya kwibanda ku mihangayiko.
Ibyobo byambere bikoreshwa mugusaba aho bihuza bigomba gukomera no umutekano, ariko kandi bigomba kugira isura nziza kandi irangiye. Bakunze kuboneka mu bice by'imodoka na Aerospace, ndetse no mu mashini n'ibikoresho by'inganda.
Ibyokurya
Umwobo wa stapface?
Umwobo wa stapfecy ni ubwoko bwumwobo ufite imiterere mito, mubisanzwe ikoreshwa mugukora ubuso buzengurutse umwobo. Ikibanza gisanzwe gihagije kugirango usukure ibintu byose bitavugwa cyangwa ubukana bukikije umwobo, bitanga byoroshye kandi bikaba bicakara.
Ibikoresho bya Sthatée byakoreshwa kenshi mugutera cyangwa kubahiriza ibyifuzo, aho ubuso bwibikoresho bushobora kuba bukabije cyangwa butaringaniye. Mugukora ahantu hazengurutse umwobo, abashushanya barashobora kwemeza ko byihuse bizagira ingingo ihamye kandi ifite umutekano.
Ikimenyetso cya Callout yikimenyetso
Kubishushanyo mbonera, Ibikoresho byubuvugizi bigaragajwe ukoresheje Ikimenyetso cya Strepface, bisa nuruziga hamwe ninyuguti 'sf ' imbere. Diameter yubushakashatsi bwambere bwambere, ikurikirwa nubujyakuzimu bwa statuf. Diameter nimbitse yumwobo nyamukuru nabyo birasobanuwe.
Kurugero, umwobo wubushakashatsi hamwe na diamey ya diameter ya metero 20mm, kandi diameter ya 10mm kugeza umwobo yari guhamagarwa nka '⌴ sf 20mm ⨯ 2mm, ∅10mm thru '.
Ikoresha umwobo
Ibikoresho bya Sthaceface bikoreshwa mubuhanga muri porogaramu zitandukanye zitandukanye, harimo:
● Imyiteguro yo mu butaka: Uwakozwemo ibintu bikoreshwa mugutegura ubuso bwibikoresho byo guhuriza hamwe cyangwa guhuzagurika, kwemeza ko byihuse bifite aho bigeraho.
Gukwirakwiza imihangayiko: Ikibanza gifasha gukwirakwiza imihangayiko yo gufunga ahantu hanini cyangwa kugabanya ibyago cyangwa gutsindwa.
● Kera cyane, mubihe bimwe na bimwe, ibyokurya bishobora gukoreshwa mugukora ikidodo kuri gace cyangwa o-impeta, gufasha gukumira imigereka cyangwa kwanduza.
Gushyira mu bikorwa umwobo
Ibikoresho byubusa bikoreshwa mugukoresha aho ubuso bwibikoresho bukabije cyangwa butaringaniye, nko mu gitambaro cyangwa kubabarira. Bakunze kuboneka mu bice by'imodoka na Aerospace, ndetse no mu mashini n'ibikoresho by'inganda.
Bimwe byihariye byimyobo ya stafface harimo:
Moteri Block na Cylinder Imitwe
● Gukwirakwiza imanza no kurya
● Ibigize Guhagarika
Frames hamwe ninkunga
Muri iyi porogaramu, ibikorwa byakazi bifasha kwemeza ko abajyanywe bunebwe bafite ingingo zitekanye kandi zihamye zigenda ziyongera, ndetse no hejuru yubusa. Mugukora neza ndetse no hejuru yumwobo, umwobo wabigenewe ufasha kuzamura ubuziranenge no kwizerwa kw'inteko ya nyuma.
Umwobo
Umwobo urimo?
A Umwobo wo guhuza ni ubwoko bwumwobo ufite gufungura ibintu bifatika hejuru, bituma umugozi wicaye wicaye hejuru yibikoresho. Igicapora gisanzwe kirenze diameter ya screw, kandi inguni ya counteryink ihuye n'inguni yumutwe wa screw.
Ibyokurya bikunze gukoreshwa mubisabwa aho bigaragara cyangwa isura-ntoya yifuzwa, nko muri aerospace cyangwa ibigize automotive. Barashobora kandi gukoreshwa mukugabanya ibyago byo gukomeretsa cyangwa kwangirika bivuye mumitwe isohoka.
Ikimenyetso cya Callout yo guhumeka
Ku nyungu zubuhanga, ibyobo byugarije bigaragajwe no kugereranya ikimenyetso, bisa na mpandeshatu hamwe nuruziga ruto hejuru. Diameter of therkin yasobanuwe mbere, hakurikiraho inguni yigituba. Diameter nimbitse yumwobo nyamukuru nabyo birasobanutse.
Kurugero, umwobo wo guhuza hamwe na diameter diameter 10m00, hamwe na diameter ya 6mm binyuze mu mwobo byari guhamagarwa nka 90 ° ∅6mm thru '.
Gukoresha umwobo
Ibyokurya byugarije bikoreshwa mubuhanga mubisabwa bitandukanye, harimo:
Flush Monerant: Holes ofters yometseho imigozi iringaniye kugirango yicare hamwe nubuso bwibikoresho, bikora isura nziza kandi yoroheje.
● Aerodynamics: Muri Aerospace Porogaramu, imyobo ya Airterspace irashobora gufasha kugabanya gukurura no kunoza imikorere yindege ikuraho imitwe isohoka.
Umutekano: Rimwe na rimwe, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ibyorezo bikunze gukoreshwa mu kugabanya ibyago byo gukomeretsa cyangwa kwangiza imitwe isohoka, nko mu ntoki cyangwa ibikoresho.
Gushyira mu bikorwa ibyobo
Ibyokurya bya compteins bikunze gukoreshwa mubisabwa aho bigaragara cyangwa isura-ntoya ari ngombwa, nko muri:
● Indege fuselages n'amababa
● Umubiri wumubiri wa Automotive na Trim
● Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki
Ibikoresho na guverinoma
Muri ibi bikorwa, umwobo wo guhuza ubufasha kugirango ukore isura neza kandi ifatika, nubwo nayo itanga ingingo ifite umutekano kandi ihamye izamuka kumigozi yumutwe. Imiterere yubumana yo muri counteryink ifasha kwikuramo screw no gukwirakwiza umutwaro ubuntu, kugabanya ibyago byo kwangiza cyangwa gutsindwa.
Imyobo yo guhuza irashobora kuba ingorabahizi zo kurema kuruta ubundi bwoko bwimyobo, nkuko bisaba impande zose nubujyakuzimu kugirango uhuze numutwe wa screw. Ariko, hamwe nibikoresho byiza nubuhanga, ibyobo byabanyamuryango birashobora gutanga imico yo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi ifite ubuhanga mu Nteko iyo ari yo yose.
Imyobo
Umwobo urimo uyobora iki?
Umwobo wa Torddrill ni ubwoko bwumwobo ufite imiterere ya silindrike hejuru, hakurikiraho umwobo muto wa diameter ushobora cyangwa udashobora kugenda muburyo bwose. Kurwanya mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mugutanga icyemezo kumutwe wa sock umutwe wa cap screw cyangwa ubundi bwoko bwiziba.
Kurwanya ibyobo birasa nu mwobo wo guhuza, ariko aho kuba imiterere yubumana, kuringaniza ifite imiterere ya silindrike. Ibi bituma umutwe wihuta wicara hejuru yibikoresho, mugihe na we utanga igisubizo cyinyongera kumutwe.
Ikimenyetso cya Callout yo Kurwanya Wordrill
Kubishushanyo mbonera, imyobo igenewe ihagarariwe hakoreshejwe ikimenyetso kimwe nkumwobo wa konte, rusa nuruziga rufite umwanya muto imbere. Diameter ya Torddrill isobanuwe mbere, ikurikirwa nubujyakuzimu bwa comptedrill. Diameter nimbitse yumwobo nyamukuru nabyo birasobanutse.
Kurugero, umwobo woherejwe hamwe na diameter ya 10mm00 ni 5mm yimbitse, hamwe numwobo wimbitse wimbitse uzahamagarwa nka '⌴ 10mm ⨯ 5mm, ∅6mm ⨯ 10mm '.
Gukoresha umwobo
Kurwanya ibyobo bikunze gukoreshwa mubuhanga muri porogaramu zitandukanye zitandukanye, harimo:
● Kwemeza imitwe yihuta: umwobo woherejwe utanga umusaruro kumutwe wa sock cap screw nubundi bwoko bwihuta, ubakemerera kwicara hejuru yibikoresho.
Gukwirakwiza imihangayiko: Imiterere ya silindrike ya Tordill ifasha gukwirakwiza imihangayiko yumutwe munini, kugabanya ibyago byo kwangiza cyangwa gutsindwa.
Guhuza: Rimwe na rimwe, mubihe bimwe na bimwe, bishobora gukoreshwa muguhuza ibice biranga cyangwa kumenya ibindi bintu kubintu.
Gushyira mu bikorwa umwobo
Ibikorwa byoherejwe bikunze gukoreshwa mubisabwa aho byihuta-bisabwa, ariko kwiyongera kwinyongera kumutwe. Bimwe byihariye byo guhindura umwobo urimo:
● Imashini n'ibikoresho by'ibikoresho
Ibishushanyo mbonera n'ibigo
● Ibigize Imodoka na Aerospace ibice
Muri ibi bikorwa, ibyobo byoherejwe bitanga ingingo itekanye kandi zihamye zigenda zifunga, mugihe nazo zemerera kwishyiriraho no gukuraho. Imiterere ya silindrike ya Tordill ifasha kugabanya imihangayiko no kuzamura imbaraga rusange no kuramba mu iteraniro.
Kurwanya ibyokurya birashobora gukorwa ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye, harimo gucukura, kurambirwa, no gusya. Guhitamo uburyo biterwa nubunini nubujyakuzimu bwumwobo, kimwe nibikoresho bikoreshwa. Hamwe nibikoresho byiza nubuhanga, imyobo ijyanye nintego zirashobora gutanga igisubizo cyiza kandi gikora kubintu byinshi bitandukanye byubwubatsi.
Umwobo
Umwobo uhamye ni uwuhe?
Umwobo wafashwe nubwoko bwumwobo aho diameter gahinduka buhoro buhoro kuva kuruhande rumwe, zikora umwirondoro umeze cone. Inguni ya tater isanzwe igaragazwa nkigipimo cyimpinduka muri diameter kugeza uburebure bwumwobo.
Imyobo yapanze ikoreshwa mugusaba aho hakenewe neza, umutekano wizewe hagati yibice biranga. Imiterere ya kashe yemerera kwinjiza byoroshye no gukuraho, nubwo nayo itanga ihumure rikomeye kandi rihamye mugihe usezeranye byuzuye.
Ikimenyetso cya Callout
Ku gishushanyo cy'ubuvugizi, ibyobo byafashwe bigereranwa ukoresheje ikimenyetso cya taper, bisa na mpandeshatu hamwe n'uruziga ruto kuri apex. Inguni ya tater irasobanurwa ukoresheje igipimo cyimpinduka muri diameter kugeza uburebure bwumwobo. Kurugero, taper ya 1:12 bivuze ko diameter ihinduka nigice cya buri gice cyuburebure.
Impera ntoya na diameter nini yumwobo waka kandi ugaragazwa no gushushanya. Kurugero, umwobo wafashwe hamwe na diameter ntoya ya 10mm, diamet nini ya 12mm, na karaper inguni ya 1:12 yahamagarwa nka '∅10mm - ∅12mm ⨯ 1:12 Taper '.
Ikoresha umwobo
Imyobo yapanze ikoreshwa mubuhanga muri porogaramu zitandukanye zitandukanye, harimo:
Ibice birimo: Imyuka yaka irashobora gutanga umurongo utekanye kandi uhamye hagati y'ibice birimo, nka Shafi na Hubs cyangwa Valve ibiti n'intebe.
Guhuza: Imiterere ya kashe yimwobo irashobora gufasha guhuza ibice biranga mugihe cyo guterana, kugabanya ibyago byo kuba nabi cyangwa kwangirika.
● Kera, mubihe bimwe na bimwe, imwobo zikaba zishobora gukoreshwa mugukora kashe hagati y'ibice biranga, nko muri sisitemu ya hydraulic cyangwa pneumatike.
Gusaba umwobo
Imyobo yapanze ikoreshwa mugusaba aho hakenewe neza, umutekano wizewe hagati yibice biranga. Bimwe byihariye byomwobo byapanze harimo:
Ibikoresho bya mashini spindles nibikoresho byabigenewe
Valve Stems n'imyanya
Hubs
● Amapine ya taper na doEls
Muri ibi bikorwa, imiterere yakayine yumwobo yemerera inteko yoroshye kandi yihungabana, nubwo nayo itanga ihuriro rikomeye kandi rihamye mugihe usezeranye rwose. Imiterere ya kashe ifasha kandi gukwirakwiza umutwaro neza hejuru yubuso, bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika cyangwa gutsindwa.
Imyobo yakandamijwe irashobora kuremwa hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye, harimo no reading, kurambirana, no gusya. Guhitamo uburyo biterwa nubunini ninguni ya kaburimbo, kimwe nibikoresho bikoreshwa. Hamwe nibikoresho byiza nubuhanga, umwobo wasamye urashobora gutanga igisubizo cyiza kandi gikora kubintu byinshi bitandukanye byubwubatsi.
Ibyokurya byemewe
Umwobo wabitswe?
Umwobo wabitswe wa Screw ni ubwoko bwumwobo bunini cyane kuruta diameter ya scrow izanyuramo. Umwanya winyongera wemerera gucengera unyuze mu mwobo byoroshye, utabahirijwe cyangwa ngo ukomeze.
Ibikoresho byo gukuraho bisanzwe bikoreshwa mubisabwa aho igice kimwe gikeneye gufatirwa mubindi, ariko imitekerereze idasabwa kugirango ikore neza. Umwobo waburika wemerera imigozi yinjizwa kandi ikurwaho byoroshye, atangiza ibice cyangwa umugozi ubwayo.
Ikimenyetso cya Callout ya Rorekas
Kubishushanyo mbonera, impfu zabitswe neza zihagarariwe ukoresheje ikimenyetso gisanzwe cyakazi, bisa nuruziga gifite umurongo wumuyobozi werekana. Diameter yumwobo igaragara kumurongo wabayobozi, hamwe namakuru yinyongera nkubwoko bwa screw buzakoreshwa.
Kurugero, umwobo wabitswe kuri 1/4 '- 20 wahamagariwe nka ' ∅0.266
Gukoresha umwobo wabitswe
Ibikorwa byo gukuraho ibintu bikunze gukoreshwa mubuhanga muri porogaramu nyinshi zitandukanye, harimo:
● Gufunga: Ibyombo byabujijwe byakoreshejwe muguhambira ibice bibiri cyangwa byinshi hamwe ukoresheje imigozi cyangwa bolts. Umwobo wa ibisobanuro wemerera umugozi kunyura byoroshye, utakoze neza.
Guhinduka: Mubihe bimwe na bimwe, umwobo wabitswe ushobora gukoreshwa kugirango wemererwe guhindurwa hagati yibice. Umwobo wasobanuye wemerera umugozi kugirango arekure kandi akomereke, atangiza ibice.
Guhuza: Imyuka yo gukuraho yavunjijwe irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mu gufasha guhuza ibice mugihe c'iteraniro. Diameter nini yumwobo yemerera icyumba cya Wiggle, byoroshye guhuza ibice neza.
Gushyira mu bikorwa umwobo wabitswe
Ibikorwa byo gukuraho byakoreshejwe kenshi muri porogaramu aho gusiba bidahoraho, birashobora gukoreshwa. Bimwe byihariye byateganijwe umwobo wabitswe harimo:
Inteko y'ibikoresho
● Abashinzwe imashini n'ikimwaro
Schools.
● Ibigize Imodoka na Aerospace ibice
Muri ibyo bikorwa, umwobo wabitswe utanga uburyo bworoshye kandi bwiza bwo kwizirika hamwe, mugihe na we ukwemerera guterana byoroshye kandi bihungabana. Diameter niniya yimyuka nayo ifasha kugabanya kwibanda ku bihuta, kuzamura imbaraga rusange no kuramba kw'inteko.
Umwobo wabitswe washizweho urashobora gushyirwaho ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye, harimo gushushanya, gukubita, no gukata laser. Guhitamo uburyo biterwa nubunini nuburyo bwumwobo, kimwe nibikoresho bikoreshwa. Hamwe nibikoresho byiza nubuhanga, umwobo wabitswe urashobora gutanga igisubizo cyizewe kandi gitangaje kuri porogaramu zitandukanye zubuhanga.
Umwobo
Umwobo wafashwe?
Umwobo wa pole ni ubwoko bwumwobo ufite insanganyamatsiko zaciwemo ukoresheje igikoresho cyitwa Kanda. Imitwe yemerera screw cyangwa bolt kugirango ikorwe mu mwobo, ikora ingingo ikomeye kandi ifite umutekano.
Ibyobo byafashwe byafashwe no gucukura umwobo mubikoresho, hanyuma ukoreshe igikapu kugirango ugabanye insanganyamatsiko mu mwobo. Kanda ni mubyukuri screw hamwe nimpande zikarishye zikuraho ibikoresho nkuko zizunguruka mu mwobo.
Ikimenyetso cya Callout
Kubishushanyo mbonera, umwobo wafashwe uhagarariwe ukoresheje ikimenyetso cyihariye cyerekana ubunini nubwoko bwumurongo ukoreshwa. Ibipimo bisanzwe byo gutangiza umwobo nigipimo rusange, gikoresha inyuguti 'm ' gikurikirwa na diameter yizina ryumwobo muri milimetero.
Kurugero, umwobo wafashwe hamwe na M8 yafashwe nka 'M8 X 1.25 ', aho '1. 1.125 ' yerekana ikibuga cyurudodo (intera iri hagati yumugozi (intera iri hagati yumugozi).
Gukoresha umwobo wafashwe
Ibyobo byafashwe bikunze gukoreshwa mubuhanga muri progaramu zitandukanye zitandukanye, harimo:
● Gufunga: Ibyobo byafashwe byakoreshejwe mugukora ingingo zikomeye kandi zifite umutekano kugirango imigozi igwe. Imirongo mu mwobo ifata insanganyamatsiko kuri screw cyangwa bolt, iyifata neza.
Inteko: Inteko yaguye akenshi ikoreshwa mu guteranya ibice byinshi hamwe mugice kimwe. Ukoresheje imigozi cyangwa ibirango byo kuzimya ibice hamwe binyuze mu mwobo, Inteko ikomeye kandi ihamye irashobora kuremwa.
Guhindura: Mubihe bimwe, umwobo wafashwe ushobora gukoreshwa kugirango wemererwe guhinduka cyangwa guhuza ibice. Mukureho cyangwa gukomera ku mwobo cyangwa bolt mu mwobo wafashwe, umwanya w'igice urashobora kuba mwiza.
Gusaba umwobo wafashwe
Ibyobo byafashwe byakoreshejwe muburyo butandukanye bwo kubisabwa mu nganda zitandukanye, harimo:
● Infashanyo: Ibyombo byafashwe byakoreshejwe cyane mubyo gukora byimodoka kugirango uhuze moteri, twomerwa, nibindi bice.
● Aerospace: Ibyobo byafashwe byakoreshejwe muri Aerospace Gusaba Inzego zindege, moteri, nibindi bice.
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Muri iyi porogaramu, umwobo wafashwe utanga uburyo bukomeye, butekanye, kandi bwizewe bwo gufunga no guteranya ibice. Imirongo mu mwobo irema ahantu hanini hejuru ya screw cyangwa bolt kugirango ufate, ukwirakwize umutwaro ubuntu no kugabanya ibyago byo gutsindwa.
Ibyobo byafashwe birashobora gushirwaho mubikoresho bitandukanye, harimo n'ibyuma, plastike, n'ibikomu. Guhitamo ingano nibikoresho biterwa na porogaramu yihariye nuburyo buzakoreshwa muburyo bwo gufunga. Hamwe nibikoresho byiza nubuhanga, umwobo wafashwe urashobora gutanga igisubizo kidasanzwe kandi cyiza kubibazo byinshi byubwubatsi.
Umwobo
Umwobo uteye ubwoba ni uwuhe?
Umwobo uteye urutwe ni ubwoko bwumwobo ufite imitwe igabanyamo, bigatuma screw cyangwa bolt kugirango babe inkingi. Imyobo yatwewe irasa nimwobo wafashwe, ariko ijambo 'umwobo uteye ubwoba ' akenshi ukoreshwa muri rusange kugirango werekeza ku mwobo iyo ari yo yose hamwe n'utudodo twaremwe.
Imyobo yatwemye irashobora gushyirwaho ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye, harimo gukanda, gusya urusyo, hamwe nintoki. Guhitamo uburyo biterwa nibikoresho bikaba bikabije, ingano nubwoko bwumutwe busabwa, nigitabo cyumusaruro.
Ikimenyetso cya callout yimyobo
Kubishushanyo mbonera, umwobo usenyutse uhagarariwe ukoresheje ikimenyetso cyerekana ubunini nubwoko bwumurongo ukoreshwa. Ikimenyetso kigizwe nitsinda, nka 'm ' kuri metric tracki cyangwa 'un ' ku nsanganyamatsiko zihujwe, zikurikirwa na diameter hamwe nintoki.
Kurugero, m10 x 1.5 umwobo ugana wahamagariwe nka 'm10 x 1.5 ', aho 'm' '1. 1. 1.5 ' 'ryerekana ikibuga cyurudodo (intera iri hagati yumugozi (intera iri hagati yumugozi.
Ikoresha umwobo
Imyobo yambaye inkwangu ikoreshwa mu buhanga muri progaramu zitandukanye zitandukanye, harimo:
● Gufunga: Imyobo yatwawe ikoreshwa mugukora ingingo zikomeye kandi zifite umutekano kugirango imigozi igwe. Imirongo mu mwobo ifata insanganyamatsiko kuri screw cyangwa bolt, iyifata neza.
Guhindura: Guhindura inkingi birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango wemererwe guhinduka cyangwa guhuza ibice. Muguhindura imirongo cyangwa bolt mu mwobo uteye urudodo, umwanya wigice urashobora kuba mwiza.
Inteko: Imyuka yatwerekejwe kenshi guteranya ibice byinshi hamwe mubice bimwe. Ukoresheje imigozi cyangwa ibirango kugirango uhambire ibice hamwe nu mwobo uteye urutwe, Inteko ikomeye kandi ihamye irashobora kuremwa.
Gusaba umwobo
Imyobo yatwawe ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo kubisabwa mu nganda zitandukanye, harimo:
● Imodoka: Ibyombo byitwawe bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byimodoka kugirango uhuze moteri, twomerwa, nibindi bice.
● Aerospace: Imyobo yatwebwe ikoreshwa muburyo bwa Aerospace muguteranya inzego zindege, moteri, nibindi bice.
● Ibicuruzwa byabaguzi: Imyobo yatwewe ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byinshi byabaguzi, nka elegitoroniki n'ibikoresho, kubateranya no gufunga ibice.
Muri ibi bikorwa, umwobo uteye urutwe utanga uburyo bukomeye, butekanye, kandi bwizewe bwo gufunga no guteranya ibice. Imirongo mu mwobo irema ahantu hanini hejuru ya screw cyangwa bolt kugirango ufate, ukwirakwize umutwaro ubuntu no kugabanya ibyago byo gutsindwa.
Imyobo yatwemye zirashobora gushirwaho mubikoresho bitandukanye, harimo na Flasits, Plastike, nibikondo. Guhitamo ingano nibikoresho biterwa na porogaramu yihariye nuburyo buzakoreshwa muburyo bwo gufunga. Hamwe nibikoresho byiza nubuhanga, umwobo wambaye imyenda urashobora gutanga igisubizo kidasanzwe kandi cyiza kubibazo byinshi bitandukanye byubwubatsi.
Ibiranga gusuzuma mugihe ukora umwobo
Iyo urema umwobo uri mubwubatsi, ibintu byinshi byingenzi bigomba gufatwa kugirango habeho ibisubizo. Ibi bintu birimo ubujyakuzimu, diameter, kwihanganira, hamwe nibibazo byibasiwe nibikoresho bigoye. Reka dusuzume buri kintu muburyo burambuye.
Ubujyakuzimu n'ingaruka zacyo
Ubujyakuzimu bw'umwobo bufite uruhare rukomeye mu mikorere yarwo ndetse n'imikorere rusange y'ibicuruzwa byanyuma. Mu mwobo wimpumye, ubujyakuzimu bugena umubare wibintu bisigaye hepfo, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mbaraga no gutuza kubintu. Kugenzura neza ubujyakuzimu ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde kumena kurundi ruhande rwakazi utabishaka.
Ubujyakuzimu bw'umwobo nabwo bugira ingaruka ku guhitamo ibikoresho no kuvuza ibipimo. Imyuga yimbitse irashobora gusaba ibikoresho byihariye, nko mukoro ryimbitse cyangwa imyitozo yimbunda, kugirango ukomeze neza kandi wirinde gutandukana. Umuvuduko wihuta no kugaburira birashobora gukenerwa kugirango ukemure ubujyakuzimu bwiyongereye kandi ukemure Chip.
Byongeye kandi, ubujyakuzimu bwumwobo burashobora kugira ingaruka ku buso no hejuru. Nkuko ubwimbitse bwimbitse, birushaho kuba ingorabahizi kugirango ugumane ubuso buhoraho no kugenzura ingano nuburyo bwumwobo. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibisabwa byimbitse witonze no guhitamo inzira zikwiye nibikoresho kugirango ugere kubisubizo byifuzwa.
Guhitamo Diameter
Guhitamo diameter iburyo kugirango umwobo nikindi kintu gikomeye muri porogaramu zubuhanga. Diameter yumwobo irashobora kugira ingaruka ku mbaraga, imikorere, no guhuza ibice hamwe nibindi bice. Mugihe uhisemo diameter, injeniyeri zigomba gusuzuma intego yumwobo, imizigo izakora, nibigize izo zihuza bizakorana.
Mubihe byinshi, ubunini busanzwe bwo gukoraho bukoreshwa mugukora umwobo hamwe na diameter isanzwe. Ubunini busanzwe buraboneka kandi burashobora koroshya inzira yo gukora. Ariko, hashobora kubaho ingero zidasanzwe diameter isabwa guhuza ibisabwa. Mu bihe nk'ibi, ibikoresho by'ubufatanye cyangwa tekinike yihariye yo gusiga irashobora kuba ngombwa.
Diameter yumwobo nayo igira ingaruka kumahitamo yizimya hamwe nizindi ibyuma bizakoreshwa muburyo bwo gufatanya numwobo. Kurugero, ibyobo byemewe bigomba gukemuka bikwiye kugirango bibeho cyangwa imigozi yo kunyura nta kwivanga, mugihe umwobo ushoboye ugomba gufata diameter yukuri nigikorwa cyuzuye cyo kwizirika neza.
Ibisabwa
Kwihangana ni igitekerezo gikomeye mu mwobo, kuko kigena imiterere yemewe yo gutandukana mubunini, imiterere, numwanya wumwobo. Indangamuntu isabwa biterwa na porogaramu yihariye n'imikorere y'ibigize. Kwihanganirana bikomeye birashobora gukenerwa amateraniro yo gushinyagurika cyane, mugihe kwihanganira ubushobye birashobora kwemerwa kubisabwa bike.
Kugirango ugere kubyihanganira kwifuzwa, injeniyeri zigomba guhitamo witonze inzira zikwiye nibikoresho. Inzira zimwe, nko gusubiramo cyangwa gusiga, urashobora kubyara umwobo ukomera cyane, mugihe ibindi, nko gukurura cyangwa gukubita, bishobora kugira impinduka zikomeye. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gutema ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo kuvunika, hamwe nuburyo bwo gufata bushobora no kugira ingaruka ku nyira bwo kugerwaho.
Usibye ubunini no kwihanganira imiterere, injeniyeri ugomba kandi gutekereza ku bwishyu bwimyanya, bifitanye isano n'aho umwobo ugereranije nibindi bikoresho kubigize. Kwihanganira imyanya birashobora kunegura kugirango bihuze neza kandi bihuze nibice biranga. Ibikoresho byihariye, nka jig cyangwa imikino, birashobora gukoreshwa mugumana ukuri mumwanya mugihe cyo gukomera.
Gufata ibikoresho bigoye
Ibikoresho bimwe bitera ibibazo bikomeye mugihe cyo gukora umwobo. Ibikoresho bigoye-kuri-imashini birashobora kubamo:
● Supellows: Imbaraga-nyinshi, ubushyuhe-burwanya ubushyuhe bukoreshwa muburyo bwa Aerospace na Porogaramu ingufu.
● Titanium Titanium: Ukuri, gukomeye, no kunyeganyega, ariko ukunda gukorana cyane no gushyushya mugihe cyo kuvuza.
● Ceramic: Ibikoresho bikomeye, byoroheje bisaba ibikoresho byihariye nubuhanga kugirango wirinde kuvunika no gukata.
● Abahimbye: Ibikoresho bikozwe mu bice byinshi, nka karube ya karubone-yashimangiwe polymers, ishobora gutinza cyangwa gucika intege mugihe cyo kuvura.
Iyo umwobo muri ibi bikoresho bitoroshye, injeniyeri zigomba gukoresha ingamba zikwiye kugirango utsinde ingorane zihariye zijyanye na buri kintu. Kurugero:
● Ukoresheje ibikoresho bikarishye, bihamye byo gutema ibintu bifite aho birwanya kwambara.
Gushyira mu bikorwa umuvuduko ukwiye wo gukata no kugaburira kugirango ugabanye ibisekuru n'ibikoresho.
● Gukoresha coolant na lubriricars kugabanya guterana amagambo no kubaka ubushyuhe.
Gushyira mubikorwa byintoki cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kumena chipi kandi wirinde gucikamo ibikoresho.
● Koresha ibikoresho byihariye cyangwa ibikoresho, nka Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) cyangwa Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN).
